GE-3_MIDTERM-_lesson-1_public-speaking.pptx

Introduction to Public Speaking
Definition and Importance
Public speaking is the process of communicating information to an audience.
Importance in various fields: education, business, politics, etc.
Benefits: Enhances communication skills, boosts confidence, and improves critical thinking.
Components of Public Speaking
Speech Communication Process
Speaker: The individual delivering the message.
Message: The content or information being communicated.
Channel: The medium through which the message is delivered (e.g., voice, visuals).
Listener: The audience receiving the message.
Feedback: Responses from the audience.
Interference: Any distractions or barriers to effective communication.
Situation: The context in which the speech occurs.
Preparing for a Speech
Topic Selection
Choosing a relevant and engaging topic.
Considering the audience’s interests and knowledge level.
Research and Organization
Gathering credible sources and evidence.
Structuring the speech: Introduction, Body, Conclusion.
Creating an outline to organize main points and subpoints.
Writing the Speech
Crafting a strong opening to capture attention.
Developing clear and concise main points.
Using transitions to maintain flow.
Concluding with a memorable closing statement.
Delivering the Speech
Verbal Communication
Voice Modulation: Adjusting pitch, volume, and rate.
Clarity and Articulation: Ensuring words are clear and understandable.
Pausing: Using pauses effectively to emphasize points.
Non-Verbal Communication
Body Language: Gestures, posture, and facial expressions.
Eye Contact: Engaging with the audience.
Movement: Using the stage effectively.
Overcoming Anxiety
Understanding Stage Fright
Common causes of nervousness.
Positive nervousness and its benefits.
Techniques to Manage Anxiety
Preparation and practice.
Visualization and positive thinking.
Breathing exercises and relaxation techniques.
Types of Speeches
Informative Speeches
Aimed at educating the audience.
Examples: Lectures, presentations, demonstrations.
Persuasive Speeches
Aimed at convincing the audience to adopt a viewpoint or take action.
Examples: Debates, sales pitches, advocacy speeches.
Special Occasion Speeches
Delivered during ceremonies or events.
Examples: Toasts, eulogies, award acceptances.
Ethical Considerations
Ethical Speaking
Honesty and integrity in presenting information.
Respecting diverse perspectives and avoiding plagiarism.
Conclusion
Recap of Key Points
Summarizing the main components and techniques of effective public speaking.
Encouraging continuous practice and improvement.
this lesson is very helpful to learn most especially for those people or students whos is afraid when it comes in speaking in front of the crowd. Studying public speaking is essential for several reasons:

Enhances Communication Skills: Public speaking helps you articulate your thoughts clearly and effectively, which is crucial in both personal and professional settings1.
Boosts Confidence: it will to speak confidently

1. Review: Teaching Speaking

2. What is the communicative view of language? (Richards & Rodgers, 2001, p. 161) “Language consists not merely of grammatical and structural features, but categories of functional and communicative meaning as exemplified in discourse.”

3. What are the reasons for speaking? * Expressing ideas and feelings *Expressing a wish or a desire to do something *Negotiating or solving a particular problem *Maintaining social relationships *Asking for assistance and advice *Asking for directions *Making an appointment *Discussing arrangements *Talking socially to a variety of people *Ordering food at a restaurant *Buying food at the market

4. What are the characteristics of spoken language? 1. the use of pauses and fillers (e.g., erm, uh, well, okay, etc.) 2. repetition of words and phrases 3. the use of generalized vocabulary (e.g., thing, nice stuff, place, lots of, etc.) 4. incomplete and short sentences 5. very little subordination 6. very few passives 7. not many explicit logical connectors 8. frequent reference to things outside the text 9. the use of slangs, colloquialisms, and idioms 10. usually unplanned

5. What are some problems in teaching speaking? 1. Shyness and inhibitions 2. Thinking paralysis 3. Low participation among students 4. Use of the mother tongue in the target language 5. Limited vocabulary and structure 6. Limited knowledge of the topic 7. Poor speech habits

6. What are some principles in the design of speaking activities? 1. Use group or pair work to give students' support 2. Base the activity on easy language 3. Make a careful choice of topic and task to stimulate interest 4. Make students aware of the purpose of the activity and conditions/criteria for its success 5. Correct speech errors judiciously

7. Let us have an activity! -Share your thoughts/ideas:

8. Fear of Speaking in Public *“I’m afraid of speaking in front of the class because I feel shy.” – this is what most learners say every time they are asked to speak before their classmates. *Stage fright adversely impacts the lives of many learners regardless of what language they speak. With this problem, they can either fight it or escape from it. Question: In what way/s can you help learners get rid of or lessen their fear of public speaking?