General aspects of nutraceuticals

1. What are nutraceuticals
2. Classification of nutraceuticals
3. Nutraceutical v/s pharmaceuticals
4. Nutraceuticals & functional food
5. Applications of nutraceuticals
6. References
7. Thank you

1. General aspects of nutraceuticals LET YOUR FOOD BE YOUR MEDICINE

2. Food........as a medicine Nearly two third of the world’s population rely on the healing power of plant based material for many reason:-availability ,affordability , safety or their belief in traditional affordability and traditional cures. medical benefits of food have been explored for thousands of year Modern nutraceuticals industry began to develop during the 1980’s

3. NUTRACEUTICALS The greek physician Hippocrates , often known as the “father of medicine” said “ let thy food be thy medicine and let the medicine be thy food “ ”. The philosophy behind is FOCUS ON PREVENTION

4. classification of nutraceutical TRADITIONAL NON TRADITIONAL CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS NUTRIENTS HERBALS PHYTOCHEMICALS B. PROBIOTICS C.NUTRACEUTICAL ENZYMES FORTIFIED NUTRACEUTICALS RECOMBINANT NUTRACEUTICALS

5. NUTRACEUTICALS It was coined in 1989 by Dr. DeFelice who was the founder and chairman of the foundation for innovation in medicine . According to DeFelice : “ Nutraceutical is any substance that may be considered a food or part of a food and provides medical or health benefits, including the prevention and treatment of a disease.” Such products may range from isolated nutrients, dietary supplements and diets to genetically engineered ‘ designer’ food, herbal products and processed foods such as cereals, soups and beverages. The term nutraceuticals is a hybrid of nutrition and pharmaceutical. These are the products, which other than nutrition are also used as medicine.

6. Some popular examples of nutraceuticals include ginseng , Echinacea , green tea , glucosamine, omega-3lutin,folic acid and codliveroil . Nutraceuticals have received considerable interest due to its nutrition ,safety and therapeutics effects. nutraceuticals helps in combating some of the major health problems such as obesity , cardiovascular diseases , cancer, diabetes etc

7. It is difficult to precisely define the difference between Nutraceutical and Pharmaceuticals , since there are numerous examples of overlapping. PHARMACEUTICALS NUTRACEUTICALS consumed when there has been already a visible onset of disease and drugs are needed to cure it Are subjected to strict regulations and are obligated to pass through the whole procedure of development trials and approvals. AND HAVE GOVERNMENTAL SANCTION. It shows its effects as soon as it is absorbed in systemic circulation. It work on the symptom on the particular part or whole body Used “beyond the diet ,before the drugs ” that is they are mostly used in preventions as prevention is better than cure Are substances which do not have patent protection and they can be used as pharmaceuticals if it proves to be adequate to pass the same procedure They need a longer time period to be effective(1-3 month consumption) It claimed to work on the root of the cause NUTRACEUTICAL AND PHARAMACEUTICAL

8. vitamin c could be an example of overlapping in this case: scurvy is a disease caused by deficiency of vitamin c in the diet and it can be cured only by vitamin c supplements which can be administered as both nutraceuticals and pharmaceutical, as well as a part of a diet rich in vitamin c.

9. NUTRACEUTICALS FUNCTIONAL FOOD Foodstuff held to provide health or medical benefits and in addition to its basic nutrtional value. Usually consumed as pills or capsules. When the phytoconstituent is consumed as pill, it is called nutraceutical. Food with ingredients that gives that food ,health promoting properties above its basic nutrtional value. Always consumed as ordinary food format. When a phytochemical is added to food, it is considered as functional food. NUTRACEUTICALS AND FUNCTIONAL FOOD When a functional food aids in the prevention and/or treatment of disease(s) and/or disorder(s) (except ane - mia ), it is called a nutraceutical .

10. FUNCTIONAL FOOD : They provide a scientifically proven specific health benefit beyond their nutritional format. These include processed food or food with health promoting additives such as addition of iodine to table salt or vitamin D to milk DIETERY SUPPLEMENT : These are products that are consumed to complement food. They are not intended to treat , diagnose any disease . They contain vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fibres etc.they are consumed in pharmaceutical format i.e. Tablets or pills or powders but not in the form of beverages or conventional food. Except for the appropriate use of vitamins, dietery supplements should not be used for the prevention of disease or to treat the same BOTANICALS: These are plants or parts of plant valued for its medicinal or therapeutic properties. they are not essential for human life. They can also be found in food preparations for example: ginseng, Ginkgo extract and so forth MEDICAL FOOD: These are supplements with formulations for dietery manage ment of disease and are intended to provide specific nutritional requirements, commonly in patients under medical supervision

11. A pplications Nutraceuticals may be used to improve health ,delay the aging process ,prevent chronic disease, increase life expectancy or support he structure and function of the body. Emphasis has been made to present herbal nutraceuticals effective on hard curative disorder related to oxidative stress including allergy, alzheimer’s , cardiovascular ,cancer ,diabetes , eye-disorders, inflammatory ,obesity etc Alzheimer’s disease:- nutraceutical antioxidant such as lycopene , turmerin , beta-carotene may exert positive effects Now a days nutraceuticals have received considerable interest due to potential , nutritional ,safety ,and therapeutic effects

12. Allergy:- quercetin act as antioxidant. Diabetes;- Omega-3 fatty acids have been suggested to reduce glucose tolerance in patients . Lipoic acid is an antioxidant which is used for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy . Cardiovascular disorder:- Nutraceuticals in the form of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, dietary fibers and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( n −3 PUFAs) together with physical exercise are recommended for prevention and treatment of CVD. Cancer:- Carotenoids ( lycopene and beta-carotene) ,tannins ,saponins have antioxidant activities and effective on cancer prevention. Plants rich in daidzein, biochanin, isoflavones and genistein also prevent cancerous growth Immune system:- Supplementation with probiotics (live viable microbial organisms) may provide maturational signals for the lymphoid tissue and improve the balance of pro and antiinflammatory cytokines

13. 7.Eye disorders and nutraceuticals Healthy lifestyle with a diet containing foods rich in antioxidants, such as n −3 fatty acids, lutein and zeaxanthin appears beneficial for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). 8.Obesity Herbal stimulants, such as caffeine, ephedrine, chitosan, ma huang-guarana, and green tea are effective in facilitating body weight loss.. Green tea extract and 5-hydroxytryptophan may promote weight loss. 9 . Inflammation:- The omega-3 and omega-6 series have a significant role on diseases by generating potent modulatory molecules for inflammatory responses, including prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and interleukins

14. REFRENCES Galanakis,charis M( ed )(2009) nutraceutical and natural product pharamaceuticals.charlotte cockle Grumezesur,alexandru mihai ( ed )(2016) NUTRACEUTICALS NANOTECHNOLOGY in the agri food Industry, volume 4. nikki levy Hamid nasri , azar baradaran , mohammad refieian kopaei.et.al.2014new concepts in nutraceuticals as alternative for pharamaceuticals,internationl journel of preventive medicine.5(12):1987-1999 Dr. padmavathi.2018. a general review on nutraceuticals , its global health impact over human community,volume3 ;issue 2; 214-217