General Laboratory Safety full slideshow.pptx

lab safety rules

1. General Laboratory Safety

2. Introduction The laboratory of FIMA BIODIESEL SDN BHD. requires hazard containment of chemical and physical hazards. Hence, we must follow the Health & Safety at work act 1974. The success of a laboratory safety program depends on every employee's participation and cooperation. Nonconformity with safety precautions not only endangers the individual, but often compromises the health and safety of fellow workers and the surrounding community, and may result in loss of experimental integrity and property damage.

3. Roles and Responsibilities in Implementing the Laboratory Standard 1. Management Bears ultimate responsibility for chemical hygiene within the facility. Provides continuous support for institutional chemical hygiene.

4. Roles and Responsibilities 2. Laboratory Supervisor Identification of hazards and assessment of the risks associated with operations Selection of proper laboratory safety practices and engineering controls necessary to minimize personal injury or property damage; Providing instruction and training programs for personnel in the practices and techniques required for their assigned tasks and laboratory operations; Maintaining a laboratory procedure notebook; Ensuring that necessary safety equipment is available in the laboratory, used when required, and adequately maintained;

5. Responsibilities 3. Individual Employees Complying with all safety policies and procedures; Maintaining awareness of the risks associated with assigned duties; Taking all necessary and appropriate safety precautions relevant to performance of duties; Becoming familiar with emergency procedures prior to accidental spills, overt personal exposures, fire, etc.; Inform any unsafe conditions or practices to superior Report all incidents resulting in injury or exposure to hazardous agents (physical, chemical or biological) to your superior.

6. Laboratory safety rules

7. General lab safety rules Having a strong set of overall laboratory safety rules is essential to avoid disasters in the lab. The following are rules that relate to almost every laboratory : 1. Read all fire alarm and safety signs and follow the instructions in the event of an accident or emergency. 2. Ensure you are fully aware of your facility's/building's evacuation procedures. 3. Make sure you know where your lab's safety equipment—including first aid kit(s), fire extinguishers, eye wash stations, and safety showers—is located and how to properly use it.

8. General lab safety rules 4. Know emergency phone numbers to use to call for help in case of an emergency. 5. Open flames should never be used in the laboratory unless you have permission from a qualified supervisor. 6. Make sure you are aware of where your lab's exits and fire alarms are located. 7. If there is a fire drill, be sure to turn off all electrical equipment and close all containers.

9. General lab safety rules 8. Always work in properly-ventilated areas. Do not chew gum, drink, or eat while working in the lab. 9. Laboratory glassware should never be utilized as food or beverage containers. 10. Each time you use glassware, be sure to check it for chips and cracks. Notify your lab supervisor of any damaged glassware so it can be properly disposed of. 11. Never use lab equipment that you are not approved or trained by your supervisor to operate.

10. General lab safety rules 12. If an instrument or piece of equipment fails during use, or isn't operating properly, report the issue right away. Never try to repair an equipment problem on your own. 13. If you are the last person to leave the lab, make sure to lock all the doors and turn off all ignition sources. 14. Never leave an ongoing experiment unattended. 15. Never smell or taste chemicals. Do not pipette by mouth. 16. Make sure you always follow the proper procedures for disposing lab waste.

11. General lab safety rules 17. Report all injuries, accidents, and broken equipment or glass right away, even if the incident seems small or unimportant. 18. If you have been injured, yell out immediately and as loud as you can to ensure you get help. 19. In the event of a chemical splashing into your eye(s) or on your skin, immediately flush the affected area(s) with running water for at least 20 minutes. 20. If you notice any unsafe conditions in the lab, let your supervisor know as soon as possible.

12. Laboratory Hazards and Risks WORKING IN A LABORATORY: THE HAZARDS AND RISKS

13. Hazards in Laboratory Laboratory workers are exposed to numerous potential hazards including chemical, biological, physical and radioactive hazards, as well as, musculoskeletal stresses. Many workers are unaware of the potential hazards in their work environment, which makes them more vulnerable to injury.

14. Different types of hazards First step in protecting worker health and safety is recognizing workplace hazards. Most hazards encountered fall into three main categories: chemical, biological, or physical. Cleaning agents and disinfectants, drugs, anesthetic gases, solvents, paints, and compressed gases are examples of chemical hazards. Potential exposures to chemical hazards can occur both during use and with poor storage.

15. Chemical hazards Use of chemicals in laboratory is inevitable, and the potential for harm or injury could be significant if they are misused or mishandled.

16. Chemical hazards PREVENTION When it comes to chemical hazards, effective prevention is the best way to manage the risks of working with these dangerous substances. Practising proper chemical segregation is essential in all labs, as some substances can react with each other to create chemical reactions, fires and even explosions. Protective clothing and good housekeeping are also important

17. Biological Hazards Encompass microbes, recombinant organisms, and viral vectors. They also include biological agents introduced into experimental animals. Health and safety issues such as containment, the ability for replication, and potential biological effect are all important.

18. Physical hazards Included here are electrical safety hazards, ergonomic hazards associated with manual material handling and equipment use, handling sharps, and basic housekeeping issues. Many operations in the lab can result in lab workers assuming sustained or repetitive awkward postures. Examples are eluting a column in a fume hood, working for extended periods in a biosafety cabinet, or looking at slides on a microscope for extended periods. What is found acceptable for brief or occasional use may become problematic if performed for long durations or very frequently. Pain is a good indicator that something is wrong.

19. Physical hazards Conduct work with a neutral, balanced posture. Sharps containers are ubiquitous in labs and following a few safety rules can help prevent getting stuck with accident reports. Use only puncture-proof and leakproof containers that are clearly labeled . Many injuries stem from poor housekeeping. Slips, trips, and falls are very common but easily avoided. Start with safe and organized storage areas. Material storage should not create hazards. Bags, containers, bundles, etc., stored in tiers should be stacked, blocked, interlocked, and limited in height so that they are stable and secure against sliding or collapse.

20. Electrical hazards Equip all electrical power outlets in wet locations with ground-fault circuit interrupters, or GFCIs, to prevent accidental electrocutions. GFCIs are designed to “trip” and break the circuit when a small amount of current begins flowing to ground. Very common electrical hazard is improper use of flexible extension cords. Do not use these as a substitute for permanent wiring. The cord insulation should be in good condition and continue into the plug ends. Never repair cracks, breaks, cuts, or tears with tape.

21. Safety Data Sheet (SDS)

22. Safety Data Sheets What is a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)? An SDS (formerly known as MSDS) includes information such as the properties of each chemical; the physical, health, and environmental health hazards; protective measures; and safety precautions for handling, storing, and transporting the chemical. It provides guidance for each specific chemical on things such as: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) First aid procedures Spill clean-up procedures

23. Labeling and Signage guide

24. Labeling and Signage Labels and signage are the cornerstones of hazard communications. They provide the ability to locate and identify laboratory hazards. Labels must be placed on chemical packaging and be easily visible and readable. If there are changes to the chemical, the label must be updated or replaced with a new label.

25. Signage Proper signage at a laboratory entrance provides important information about the hazards located inside, as well as required personal protective equipment (PPE). This information is extremely valuable for responders and visitors and reminds employees of the hazards they encounter upon entering a laboratory. Signage inside the laboratory designates the locations for safety equipment, chemical storage, and unattended experiments.

26. Chemical Labeling Labeling of chemical containers is fundamental to effective hazard communication. The manufacturer provides compliant labeling for each chemical they sell.

27. Hazardous Waste Labeling Waste containers must have accurate labeling . The label must clearly and neatly list the chemical or common name of each substance that is at least 1% by volume of the total contents or mixture.

28. Example - Hazardous Chemical Surplus Tag for Hazardous Waste

29. CHEMICAL SIGNAGE

30. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

31. What is personal protective equipment? Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to as "PPE", is equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause serious workplace injuries and illnesses. These injuries and illnesses may result from contact with chemical, radiological, physical, electrical, mechanical, or other workplace hazards.

32. What can be done to ensure proper use of personal protective equipment? All personal protective equipment should be safely designed and constructed, and should be maintained in a clean and reliable fashion. It should fit comfortably, encouraging worker use. If the personal protective equipment does not fit properly, it can make the difference between being safely covered or dangerously exposed.

33. Employers must provide personal protective equipment to their workers Employers are also required to train each worker required to use personal protective equipment to know : When it is necessary What kind is necessary How to properly put it on, adjust, wear and take it off The limitations of the equipment Proper care, maintenance, useful life, and disposal of the equipment

34. personal protective equipment (PPE)

35. Chemicals storage for laboratory

36. Chemical Storage Hazardous chemical reactions can occur from improper storage when incompatible materials mix because of : Accidental breakage Container failure Fires and earthquakes Mixing of gases or vapors from poorly closed containers Mistakenly storing incompatibles together because of improperly labeled containers

37. Chemical Storage & Flammable Cabinet in Malaysia

38. General Storage Requirements All chemicals must be stored in a safe, secure location. Hazardous chemicals must be stored below eye level. Do not store chemicals on the floor, window ledges, or balconies. Keep containers closed unless you are dispensing a chemical or adding to the container.

39. Chemical Segregation Chemicals should always be segregated according to their specific hazard(s) to prevent unintended reactions. Begin by categorizing and separating chemicals by the following categories : Other types of materials require more specific storage requirements such as : 1. Explosives 2. Compressed gases 3. Cryogens a. Pyrophorics d. Flammables b. Corrosives e. Oxidizers c. Water reactives f. Toxics

40. Improper chemical storage

41. General Emergency Procedure

42. Purpose of emergency preparedness & response Minimize the risks of emergencies occurring. Identify potential emergency situations. Minimize the impact of emergencies on the environment.

43. Emergency procedures During any type of emergency, follow these important procedures : If you are in a building, know the exit nearest to you. In the event that this exit is blocked, be familiar with alternate exits. Avoid panic. Remain calm. Follow procedures and instructions. Stop rumors . Rumors lead to confusion and make everyone’s task harder. Avoid using the telephone. It is for emergencies only. Unnecessary use of the phone delays delivery of emergency resources when and where they are most needed. Leave the building immediately when conditions are safe. If it is nearby, take the Emergency Kit you prepared in advance, and your wallet or purse. Do not take time to collect other personal items. In general, do not use the elevators. Even if it is safe to use them, elevators will be needed by authorized personnel to evacuate people with disabilities and children. In the event of a fire or structural damage, elevators cannot be used by anyone. You must use the stairs. After leaving the building, report immediately to the identified Assembly Area or Evacuation Site. Remain in the Assembly Area until advised of further action

44. Managing laboratory wastes

45. Laboratory Waste Management Some suggestions to help manage hazardous waste output : Keep inventories up to date with thorough record-keeping. Make substitutions for chemicals whenever possible. Try to avoid purchasing chemical materials in bulk quantities Recycle as many agents as possible – some common examples of laboratory materials that can be distilled, filtered, or recycled include xylene, formalin, and ethyl alcohol. Reduce the size and number of the containers you’re using (if you find that you aren’t regularly filling them).

46. Laboratory Waste Management cont … Some suggestions to help manage hazardous waste output : Manage all chemicals as if they were hazardous to ensure there is no possibility of contamination. Make sure you are storing all hazardous waste in the appropriate storage containers. Confirm that each container holding hazardous laboratory waste is appropriately labeled with the correct details for what’s inside. Regularly train employees in safety procedures for adding waste to and removing from storage containers.

47. Eliminate hazard by good housekeeping

48. Workplace Housekeeping Why should we pay attention to housekeeping at work? Effective housekeeping can help control or eliminate workplace hazards. Poor housekeeping practices frequently contribute to incidents. Housekeeping is not just cleanliness. It includes keeping work areas neat and orderly, maintaining halls and floors free of slip and trip hazards, and removing of waste materials (e.g., paper, cardboard) and other fire hazards from work areas.

49. How does good housekeeping improve safety? Benefits of good housekeeping in the workplace : ​Eliminates and/or reduces slips, trips and falls. Decreases fire hazards by reducing waste, debris and flammable materials. Improves worker health by reducing exposure to harmful substances and airborne particles. Fewer worker injuries because equipment is maintained, materials are well-organized and warning signs are posted. Reduced work-related stress on the worker.

50. How do I plan a good housekeeping program? A good housekeeping program identifies and assigns responsibilities for the following : clean up during the shift day-to-day cleanup waste disposal removal of unused materials inspection to ensure cleanup is complete

51. Tips for Effective Workplace Housekeeping Prevent slips, trips and falls. Eliminate fire hazards. Control dust. Avoid tracking materials. Prevent falling objects. Declutter. Store materials properly. Use and inspect personal protective equipment and tools.

52. The E.N.D. Thank you for attention.