genetic diversity of fruit borer in nepal

use of polymorphic dna-polymerase vhain reaction to to determine genetic biodiversity of fruit borer

1. A Random amplified polymorphic DNA-Polymerase Chain Reaction to determine Genetic biodiversity of Fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera among 20 different farms of Nepal . Pushpa Raj Chalise

2. What is fruit borer A deadly insect of family Lepidoptera, whose larva feed on 182 different economically viable plant species (Shah et al., 2017). Have the potential to cause a global hunger crisis coupled with climate change. C aused damage responsible for an annual loss of 5 billion USD despite 1 billion USD worth of insecticide (Sharma, 2005).

3. Why it is important to understand the genetics of fruit borer? The infestation and endemic capacity of fruit borer are unknown in developing countries like Nepal. The feeding habits of the fruit borer is different among the different climatic region, making it difficult to predict and implement control measure. Determining the feeding and genetic nature of the borer will allow practitioners and agriculturists to undertake control measure that is ecofriendly.

4. Table: Illustrating agro -ecological difference in fruit borer infestation on gross yield SN Vegetables yield loss range % References 1 Pigeon Pea 14-100 (Nath et al., 1977) 2 Cotton 20-80 (Monga &Jeyakumar, 2002) 3 Tomato 55-80 (Singh et al., 2017) 4 Brinjal 25-92 (Mall, 1992) 5 Chick pea 0-60 (Pandey et al., 2000)

5. Methodology How the genetic diversity of the fruit borer will be determined?

6. Fig: Experiment implementation plan chart

7. What are the outcomes and way further? The different genetic strains of the fruit borer will be identified, which are then compared and contrasted with other varieties for further management practice. It will give provide avenues to develop strain-specific insecticide and integrated pest management practices that are ecofriendly. It will reduce the cost of production both by reducing the cost of unnecessary pesticides cost and the pre-planned management practice. Researchers all around the world will have opportunities to do experiments on developing resistant varieties for specific strains of fruit borer.

8. References   Mall, N. P., Pande, R. S., Singh, S. V. and Singh S. K., 1992. Seasonal incidence of insect pests and estimation of losses caused by shoot and fruit borer on brinjal. Ind. J. Ent 54(3):241 – 247.   Monga, D and Jeyakumar,P ., 2002. Cotton field ecology-Introduction to insect pest and diseases in relation to growth and development. In " National training course on IPM in cotton, rice and vegetable crops", NCIPM, New Delhi.   Nath, D. K., Sen B. and Pal, S. R., 1977. Insect pests occurring in Sunflower, Helianthus annuus in west bengal . Sci and Cult. 43: 180 – 181 Pande, S., S.B. Sharma and A. Ramkrishna . (2000). Biotic stresses affecting legumes production in the Indi- GangeticPlain.In:C.Johansen,J.M.Duxbury,S.M.Virmani , C.L.L. Gowda. S. Pande and P.K. Joshi (Eds.). Legumes in rice and wheatcropping systems of the Indo-Gangetic Plain: constraints and opportunities.International Crop Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru , India. Pp.128-155.

9. Sharma, H. C. 2005. Heliothis/Helcoverpa management emerging trends and strategies for future research, Oxford & IBH publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 469P. Singh N., Dotasara S. k., Jat S. M., & Naqvi A. R, 2017, Assessment of crop losses due to tomato fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera in tomato, Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies; 5(3): 595-597

10. Thank you!!