genetic-engineering chemistry -ppt.pptx

genetics

1. RECALL 1. It is the change/alteration of genetic sequence 2. It is a chemical or physical agent that has the ability to change our genetic code in a harmful way U T N M T E 3. It is a mutation affecting only one or very few nucleotides in a gene sequence P I M T N 4. A type of mutation under chromosomal mutation where piece of chromosome of one attaches to another chromosome. T N S O A O 5. A type of mutation where genetic material flipped in opposite direction I V S N

2. What if you found out that you inherited illness from your parents, If you are given the chance to change something in your genes, would you change it? Why or why not?

3. Learning objectives Define genetic engineering Explain the impact of genetic engineering on society Analyze the benefits and drawbacks of manipulating an organism’s DNA

4. Is there a need to manipulate organism’s DNA ? Why or why not? Essential Question

5. What is genetic engineering? It is the artificial manipulation or alteration of genes

6. Confinement of DNA fragments from a donor organism Removal of the part of the DNA that needs to be replaced A dding of an isolated donor DNA fragment into a vector genome The adaptation of a recombinant vector in an appropriate host Exhibit the introduced genes Processes of genetic engineering

7. Biotechnology-  is technology that utilizes biological systems, living organisms or parts of this to develop or create different products. It is the most prominent approach used is genetic engineering, which enables scientists to tailor an organism's DNA. APPLICATION Fingerprint - also known as DNA profiling. It is used to get the information about the genetic relationship of an individual

8. No 2 people have exactly the same fingerprints. Even identical twins, with identical DNA, have different fingerprints.

9. 2. Gene therapy-- is a medical approach that treats or prevents disease by correcting the underlying genetic problem * karyotyping-  is a test to examine chromosomes in a sample of cells. This test can help identify genetic problems as the cause of a disorder

10. 3. Recombinant DNA technology- is used to construct the gene that is intended to express desirable qualities during the growth and development of the recipient organism. * genetically modified organism- A genetically modified organism (GMO) is an animal, plant, or microorganism whose DNA has been altered using genetic engineering techniques. 

11. 4 . Gene cloning- the process in which a gene of interest is located and copied (cloned) out of all the DNA extracted from an organism *extinct animals can be recovered/preserved

12. 5. Human genome project (HGP)- sequence of DNA of all people are encoded. One goal of the project was to accurately sequence the 3 billion nucleotide base pairs in the human genome. A second goal was to map and identify all of the human genes present in the DNA sequence.  * A genome is the complete set of genetic information in an organism. 

13. genetic engineering IN PLANTS Bt Corn (Maize) is created to resist insect pests or tolerate herbicides * inserted Bacillus thuringiensis

14. Rainbow is a papaya variety that was genetically engineered to resist infection from a virus which weakens and eventually kills papaya trees.  genetic engineering IN PLANTS

15.   Bt Soybean - t hese beans typically have herbicide-resistant genes inserted into their genetic structure  *Bacillus thuringiensis genetic engineering IN PLANTS

16. TRIVIA In the United States there are 10 commercially available genetically modified crops. Corn, soybean, cotton, potato, papaya, summer squash, canola, alfalfa, apple, sugar beet

17. Cows Make Humanized Milk. Humanized Milk- Cow produce a milk with introduced lysozyme which makes it much healthier and more nutritious. genetic engineering IN ANIMALS

18. Spider goat A goat with spider genes and silk in their milk genetic engineering IN ANIMALS

19. Genetic engineering in Microorganism Humulin is manufactured by a technique known as recombinant DNA .

20. GENE CLONING- the act of making identical copies of a single gene * Dolly- was the sheep successfully cloned in 1996

21. Do you think there are ethical issues with the genetic engineering?

22. “Genetically modified organisms were just made better.” “Genetic engineering has never been about saving the world, it is about controlling the world.” CHOOSE WHICH SIDE YOU ARE

23.   Guide questions: What is genetic engineering? What are the process involved in the genetic engineering? What are the benefit and drawbacks of genetic engineering?

24. Is there a need to manipulate organism’s DNA? Why or why not?