Geodesic Dome in Building Construction: Concepts, Types, and Applications

This PowerPoint presentation offers a thorough exploration of geodesic domes in building construction, focusing on their fundamental concepts, geometric principles, and structural integrity. It examines a range of geodesic dome types, from basic configurations to intricate designs, emphasizing their distinctive benefits and contemporary architectural applications. Geared towards architects and engineers, this presentation simplifies complex concepts for a clear understanding.

1. GEODESIC DOMES AR-702 SUBMITTED BY: BARN1AR15003 BARN1AR15004

2. INTRODUCTION A geodesic dome is a sphere-like structure composed of a complex network of triangles. The triangles create a self-bracing framework that gives structural strength while using a minimum of material. It being a collection of triangles which, by staying in state of tension, together forms in the space a hypothetical sphere. The more complex the network of triangles, the more spherical the geodesic dome and the higher the class number . The structure becomes more and more sphere like as the number of the diverse sizes of the struts increases Geodesic domes are the only man-made structure that gets proportionally stronger as it increases in size. The first dome was designed after World War I by Walther Bauersfeld .

3. FEATURES OF A GEODESIC DOMES: A geometric dome supports itself without needing internal columns or interior load-bearing walls. The design allows massive interior space, free from columns or other supports. The geodesic shape is extremely strong for its weight . for example, a force applied to the corner of a rectangle can deform it into a parallelogram, but the same force will not deform a triangle. The surface has a stable structure. The sphere encloses the greatest volume for the least surface area.

4. TYPES There are several dome classes that are referred to as 1V, 2V, 3V etc. A 1V dome has fewer triangles, uses only one size triangle in its simple pattern, and less closely approximates a hemisphere, 2V geodesic dome is comprised of only two different sized triangles, 3V dome is comprised of three triangle sizes, 4V dome is made of 6 triangle sizes, 6V dome has many triangles of multiple sizes that are arranged in a complex pattern to create a more smooth and spherical shape. Higher class domes offer greater structural stability and are ideal for larger dome frames.

5. PROFILES LEVELLING THE BASE OF A DOME

6. MATERIALS USED IN CONSTRUCTION MUD AND WOOD CONCRETE GLASS AND STEEL STONE

7. CONSTRUCTION DETAILS METAL WOOD

8. BAMBOO JOINERY DETAIL PVC JOINERY DETAIL

9. APPLICATIONS DISNEY’S EPCOT CENTRE UNION TANK CAR DOME

10. AUROVILLE MATRI MANDIR FUKUOKA JAPAN

11. RESIDENCES

12. GREENHOUSE CASE STUDY Project type: Greenhouse – geodesic dome Location : Lithuania Cover : Transparent Frame : STAR connectors and Fibro frame Type : Geodesic dome Diameter : 5 m Height : 2,5 m Floor area: 20 m2 Step 1- FRAME CONSTRUCTION : STAINLESS STEEL STAR CONNECTORS Step 2- FIBERGLASS FIBER PANEL ON FRAME STRUCTURE AND TRANSPARENT COATING – A TRANSPARENT, REINFORCED PVC TARPAULIN.

13. JOINTS FROM INNER SIDE JOINTS FROM OUTER SIDE JOINERY DETAIL

14. Advantages of Geodesic Domes: 1. Minimum amount of materials are required for the construction of geodesic domes when compared to ordinary domes. 2. Elliptical geodesic domes have the advantage that they can cover elongated or irregular shaped spaces that vary in elevation. 3. They are lightweight, strong and require no interior supports . 4. They are structurally simple and once a module is prepared, it can be duplicated many times for assembling into a specified plan. 5. Transportation is easy because of their light weight . 6. Highly Acoustic: Sound flows naturally in a sphere. 7. Higher R-Value : Thermal Resistance is a high gain. Disadvantages of Geodesic Domes: 1. Doors and Windows-either make or special order has to be given. 3 . It is difficult to permanently seal the geodesic domes as there are many seams. 4 . Also, heat of the sun causes flexure of the geodesic dome material.