Glycolysis biology for engineer 2nd year.pptx

This is ppt of biology for engineers 2nd yeat engineering.

1. Glycolysis

2. Glycolysis Glycolysis is first metabolic step of carbohydrates in which one molecule as glucose is breakdown into pyruvate, lactic acid and produce ATP. It is a Universal Pathway given by Embden, Mayerhof and Parnas ; thus often known as EMP Pathway. Glycolysis is an anerobic process . Site of glycolysis - Cytosol

3. Step 1 Glucose reacts with hexokinase by using ATP and convert into Glucose 6- Phosphate Kinase: It is an enzymes which act phosphorylation.

4. Step 2 Glucose 6- Phosphate again reacts with Phosphohexos isomerase to convert it into Fructose 6 Phosphate. Isomerase: This is a general class of enzymes which convert a molecule from one isomer to another.

5. Step 3 Fructose 6 Phosphate react with Phosphofructo kinase and convert it into Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate .

6. Step 4 Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate reacts with aldolase and breaks down into two parts Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) and Dihydroxy acetone phosphate (DHAP). Aldolase: is an enzyme that helps to break down to sugar to produce energy.

7. Step 5 Isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) into glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate (G3P). Because only G3P can be used further in glycolysis.

8. Step 6 Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate converts into 1, 3-bisphosphoglycerate by the help of Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase .

9. Step 7 The enzyme phosphoglycerate kinase acts on 1, 3-bisphosphogycerate coverts into 3-phosphoglycerate .

10. Step 8 3-Phosphoglycerate is converted into 2-phosphoglycerate by phosphoglycerate mutase .

11. Step 9 2-Phosphoglycerate reacts with Enolase and it converts into Phosphophenol pyruvate .

12. Step 10 Phosphoenol pyruvate react with Pyruvate kinase and it convert Pyruvate and also produce ATP .

13. References: Byjus.com Vedantu.com Microbenotes.com Principles of Plant Physiology: SL Kochar and Sukhbir Kaur