Governor and its type

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1. GOVERNOR AND ITS TYPE MADE BY H.P. PATEL

2. INTRODUCTION The function of a governor is to regulate the mean speed of an engine, when there are variations in the load For example, when the load on an engine increases, its speed decreases, therefore it becomes necessary to increase the supply of working fluid. On the other hand, when the load on the engine decreases, its speed increases and thus less working fluid is required.

3. The governor automatically controls the supply of working fluid to the engine with the varying load condition and keeps the mean speed within certain limits. A little consideration will show that, when the load increases, the configuration of the governor changes and a value is moved to increase the supply of the working fluid ; conversely, when the load decreases, the engine speed increases and the governor decreases the supply of working fluid.

4. The function of a flywheel in an engine is entirely different from that of a governor. It controls the speed variation caused by the fluctuation of the engine turning moment during each cycle of operation. It does not control the speed variation caused by a varying load. The varying demand for power is met by the governor regulating the supply of working fluid.

5. Type of governor The governors may, broadly. Be classified as Centrifugal governor Inertia governor

6. CENTRIFUGAL GOVERNOR

7. The centrifugal governor sure based on the balancing of centrifugal force on the roaring ball by an equal and opposite force, known as the controlling force. It consists of two balls of equal mass, which are attached to the arms as shown in fig. These balls are known as governor balls or fly balls. The balls revolve with a spindles, which is driven by the engine through bevel gears.

8. GOVERNOR EFFORT It is defined the mean force exerted on the sleeve during a given change in speed in speed. When governor speed is consists the net force at the sleeve is zero. When governor speed increase, there will be a net force on the sleeve to move it upwards and sleeve starts moving to the new equilibrium position where net force becomes zero.

9. PORTER GOVERNOR

10. IN porter governor central load is attached to the sleeve as shown in fig. The load moves up and down the central spindle. This additional downward force increase the speed of revolution required to enable the ball to rise to any predetermib = ned level. Consider the force acting on one half of the governor as shown in fig.

11. HARTNELL GOVERNOR

12. A Hartwell governor is a spring loaded governor as shown in fig, it consists of two bell crank levers pivoted at points o,o to the frame. The frame is attached to the governor spindle and therefore rotates with it. A helical spring in compression provides equal down ward forces on the two rollers through a collar on the sleeve.

13. PROELL GOVERNOR

14. The proell governor has two balls fixed at b & c to the extension of the links DF & EG. As shown the arms FP& GQ are pivoted at P& Q respectively. Consider the equilibrium of the on one half of the governor. The instantaneous centre lies on the intersection of the PF produced and the lies from the D perpendicular to the axis.

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