grade 11- computer system servicing .... ppt

categoty of network

1. 1.1
Lec 3
Categories of Networks

Computer Networks

Al-Mustansiryah University

Elec. Eng. Department College of Engineering Fourth Year
Class

2. 1.2
Categories of Networks

Local Area Networks (LANs)

Short distances

Designed to provide local interconnectivity

Wide Area Networks (WANs)

Long distances

Provide connectivity over large areas

Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)

Provide connectivity over areas such as a city, a campus

3. 1.3
Figure 1.10 An isolated LAN connecting 12 computers to a hub in a closet

4. 1.4
Figure 1.11 WANs: a switched WAN and a point-to-point WAN

5. 1.5
1-4 PROTOCOLS1-4 PROTOCOLS
A protocol is synonymous with rule. It consists of a set of
rules that govern data communications. It determines
what is communicated, how it is communicated and
when it is communicated. The key elements of a protocol
are syntax, semantics and timing

6. Peer-to-Peer Networks
•Peer-to-peer network is also called workgroup
•No hierarchy among computers  all are equal
•No administrator responsible for the network
Peer-to-peer
1.6

7. •Advantages of peer-to-peer networks:
•Low cost
•Simple to configure
•User has full accessibility of the computer
•Disadvantages of peer-to-peer networks:
•May have duplication in resources
•Difficult to uphold security policy
•Where peer-to-peer network is appropriate:
•10 or less users
•No specialized services required
•Security is not an issue
1.7

8. Clients and Servers
•Network Clients (Workstation)
•Computers that request network resources or services
•Network Servers
•Computers that manage and provide network resources and services to clients
•Usually have more processing power, memory and hard disk space than
clients
•Run Network Operating System that can manage not only data, but also
users, groups, security, and applications on the network.
1.8

9. •Advantages of client/server networks
•Facilitate resource sharing – centrally administrate and
control
•Facilitate system backup and improve fault tolerance
•Enhance security – only administrator can have access to
Server
•Support more users – difficult to achieve with peer-to-peer
networks
•Disadvantages of client/server networks
•High cost for Servers
•Need expert to configure the network
•Introduce a single point of failure to the system
1.9