GRADE 7 2ND QUARTER Untitled presentation (18).pptx

GRADE 7

1. Layers of the Soil: Earth's Living Foundation

2. Introduction to Soil Layers Soil is a complex, living ecosystem with distinct layers Each layer has unique characteristics and functions Soil supports plant life, animal habitats, and ecosystem health We'll explore the vertical structure of soil from top to bottom

3. Opening Circle: Soil Connections Think about where you've seen soil in your environment Share with a partner: What do you know about soil? Think-Pair-Share protocol: 1. Individual reflection (1 minute) 2. Partner discussion (2 minutes) 3. Whole class sharing

4. O Horizon: Organic Layer Top layer of soil, also called the "organic layer" Composed of decomposing leaves, plants, and animal matter Rich in nutrients and living organisms Provides food and habitat for microorganisms

5. A Horizon: Topsoil Dark-colored layer directly beneath the O Horizon Contains most of the soil's organic matter Primary zone for plant root growth Supports agricultural and ecosystem productivity

6. Compass Points: Soil Importance Move to different corners based on soil's most important function: North: Food production South: Ecosystem support East: Water filtration West: Climate regulation Discuss your choice with others in your corner

7. E Horizon: Leaching Layer Light-colored layer below topsoil Minerals and nutrients are washed away by water Often found in forest and woodland environments Demonstrates soil's dynamic nature

8. B Horizon: Subsoil Layer beneath the E Horizon Accumulation of minerals leached from upper layers Less organic matter, more clay and mineral deposits Roots of deeper-growing plants reach this layer

9. Soil Composition Activity Back-to-Back, Face-to-Face protocol: 1. Partner up 2. Describe soil layers without looking at notes 3. Provide feedback and corrections 4. Switch roles

10. C Horizon: Parent Material Layer of partially broken-down rock Original source of mineral components Formed from weathered bedrock Influences soil characteristics and fertility

11. R Horizon: Bedrock Solid rock layer at the bottom of soil profile Provides foundation for soil development Determines soil depth and mineral composition Slow process of rock weathering creates soil

12. Soil Formation Factors Climate influences soil development Parent rock type determines mineral content Topography affects water and nutrient distribution Time allows soil layers to develop and mature

13. Soil Texture Investigation Examine different soil samples Identify layer characteristics Compare texture, color, and composition Record observations in science journals

14. Ecosystem Interactions Soil supports complex ecological networks Microorganisms break down organic matter Roots create pathways for water and nutrients Soil health determines ecosystem resilience

15. Human Impact on Soil Agricultural practices affect soil health Erosion can damage soil layers Conservation techniques protect soil structure Sustainable management is crucial

16. Soil Conservation Strategies Crop rotation Minimal tillage Cover crops Preventing erosion Maintaining organic matter

17. Global Soil Diversity Different regions have unique soil profiles Tropical soils differ from arctic soils Soil types vary by continent and climate Adaptation to local environmental conditions

18. Reflection: Soil's Importance Exit Ticket Protocol: 1. What surprised you about soil layers? 2. How do soil layers impact ecosystems? 3. Why is soil conservation important?

19. Soil and Climate Change Soil stores significant carbon Plays a role in global carbon cycle Healthy soils can mitigate climate change Importance of sustainable land management

20. Career Connections Soil Scientist Agricultural Engineer Environmental Consultant Geologist Ecological Researcher

21. Closing Circle: Soil Appreciation Share one new thing learned about soil Discuss potential ways to protect soil Recognize soil's critical role in life Celebrate our understanding of this complex system

22. Final Reflection Soil is a living, dynamic system Each layer has a unique function Soil supports life on our planet Our actions can protect or harm this vital resource