Grade 8 History - Chp 2_ Colonialism in India.pptx

beginning of colonialism in India

1. Let’s take a look at how India came to be the ‘Jewel in the Crown’! Social Science Beginning of Colonialism in India 8th Grade

2. Vasco Da Gama’s Route to India

3. Portuguese The Portuguese were the first European traders to establish their control in the western coast. Vasco Da Gama reached the calicut port on May 20 1498. First foreign power to India by the sea Portuguese Settlements - Calicut, Cochin, Cannanore, Daman and Diu.

4. Dutch In 1602, the Dutch East India established their trading centres at Masulipatnam, Pulicat, Surat, Nagapattinam and Cochin (Kochi).

5. The English East India Company An astonishing story in the Indian history (The advent of the British). On 31st December 1600 Queen Elizabeth I, signed a Royal Charter granting monopoly to East India Company to trade with East India. Captain Hawkins was sent to India, but his visit did not bring any concrete results. In 1613, Jahangir issued a firman, Sir Thomas Roe as the English ambassador was sent to the Mughal court to conclude a commercial treaty with the emperor. S et up factories or trading centres: Surat, Agra, Ahmedabad and Broach (Bharuch) Thomas Roe

6. In South India, The first english factory was opened at Masulipatnam in 1611 . I n the east 1633, the factories were set up at Balasore. In 1639 , established a fortified factory in Chennai, known as Fort St. George. In 1651 , Factories were set up at Hugli, Patna and Cassimbazar. In 1661 , the company got Bombay as dowry , Prince Charles II got married to Portuguese Princess Catherine of Braganza. In 1700 , Built Fort William in Kolkata. The English East India Company

7. FRENCH The French were the last to enter the competition for commercial gains. The trading centres: Surat, Masulipatnam, Pondicherry and Chandernagore.

8. Struggle for Supremacy Since the Europeans are the first one to arrive in India, there was a fight for supremacy between the rivalries. Each European power would destroy the trading centres of the other (Sank their Ships). English East India company managed to win over most of the Portuguese and Dutch settlements. They faced a stiff the resistance from French. Anglo- French Rivalry took place. A series of wars commonly known as Carnatic wars, were fought between two power the English East India company and the French, that lasted for twenty years (1744-1763); put an end to the French power in India, and the English emerged victorious.

9. Let’s Discuss! Who were the first of the European powers to arrive in India? Where did they land? Why did the Europeans come to India? The Queen of England signed a ‘Royal Charter’. What were its provisions? How did the British come to acquire Bombay? Between which two European powers did the Carnatic Wars occur? Why? What was the result of these wars? Do you think the fate of India would have been different had the outcome of these wars been different? How?

10. Penny for your thoughts? How did the English East India company get trading privileges in the Bengal province? What is your impression of the events that led up to the Battle of Plassey? Would you justify the young Siraj-ud-Daulah’s actions? What course do you think the modern history of India would have taken had the events panned out differently? Why do you think Siraj-ud-Daulah’s top officials betrayed him? ‘Mir Jafar became the new Nawab of Bengal after the battle of Plassey, but he soon began to repent it.’ Why? What events triggered the Battle of Buxar? ‘It is said that the Battles of Plassey and Buxar were the most decisive moments of modern Indian history.’ Comment.