GROUND STAFF.pptx

airport staff

1. A VIATION PERSONNEL

2.   Aviation personnel means any individual who carries out a civil aviation function, including but not limited to flight crew, aircraft maintenance workers, air traffic controllers and employees of an air carrier or airport; 

3. TYPES OF AVIATION PERSONNEL 1.  Pilot Primary duties:  Being a pilot is one of the most lucrative jobs in the aviation industry. The primary responsibility of a pilot is the safe transport of passengers and freight to their respective destinations.

4. 2.  Flight attendant Primary duties:  Airlines hire flight attendants to serve as the cabin crew. The job requires ensuring the safety and comfort of passengers for a smooth flying experience. Flight attendants are most likely to work in civil aviation through commercial airlines, but opportunities also exist on business jets and military aircraft.

5. 4.  Air traffic controller Primary duties:  As part of the air traffic control team, air traffic controllers coordinate aircraft movements to ensure safety, efficiency and minimal delay. They manage the landing and take-off of the aircraft at the airport and monitor the airborne aircraft using radar and other visual aids to ensure security. The work is particularly important in an emergency, such as a malfunctioning aircraft or challenging weather conditions, and it is the responsibility of the air traffic controller to ensure the safety of the people on board.

6. 5.  Airport manager Primary duties:  Airport managers oversee the day-to-day operations at an airport. They manage safety, negotiate contracts and leases on behalf of the airport and ensure that the management complies with Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) rules

7. 6.  Ground staff Primary duties:  Working in shifts, the ground staff handles passenger operations such as transfers, security checks and accessibility.

8. A i rcr a f t g rou nd handling defines the servicing of an aircraft while it is on the ground and (usually) parked at a terminal gate of an airport.

9. The major categories of ground handling services are described below. Cabin Service Catering Ramp Service Passenger Service Field Operation

10. Cabin Service The primary aim of this service offering is to ensure passenger comfort. While cabin cleaning comprises the bulk of the effort, it also includes tasks such as replenishing onboard consumables (soap, tissues, toilet paper, reading materials) and washable items like pillows and blankets.

11. Ca t e r i ng Catering includes the unloading of unused food and drink from the aircraft, and the loading of fresh food and drink for passengers and crew. Airline meals are typically delivered in Airline service trolleys. Empty or trash-filled trolley from the previous flight are replaced with fresh ones. Meals are prepared mostly on the ground in order to minimize the amount of preparation (apart from chilling or reheating) required in the air.

12. Ramp Service Guiding the aircraft into and out of the parking position (by way of aircraft marshalling), Towing with pushback tractors Lavatory drainage Water cartage (typically non-potable for lavatory sink use) Air conditioning (more common for smaller aircraft) Airstart units (for starting engines) Luggage handling, usually by means of beltloaders and baggage carts Gate checked luggage, often handled on the tarmac as passengers disembark

13. Air cargo handling, usually by means of cargo dollies and cargo loaders Catering trucks Refueling, which may be done with a refueling tanker truck or refueling pumper Ground power (so that engines need not be running to provide aircraft power on the ground) Passenger stairs (used instead of an aerobridge or airstairs, some budget airlines use both to improve turnaround speed) Wheelchair lifts, if required Hydraulic mules (units that provide hydraulic power to an aircraft externally) Deicing

14. Passenger Service This includes services inside the airport terminal such as: Providing check-in counter services for the passengers departing on the customer airlines. Providing gate arrival and departure services. The agents are required to meet a flight on arrival as well as provide departure services including boarding passengers and closing the flight. Staffing the transfer counters, customer service counters and airline lounges.

15. Field Operation This service dispatches the aircraft, maintains communication with the rest of the airline operation at the airport and with Air Traffic Control.

16. Air traffic control Air traffic control ( ATC ) is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and through controlled airspace, and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace. The primary purpose of ATC worldwide is to prevent collisions, organize and expedite the flow of traffic, and provide information and other support for pilots. In some countries, ATC plays a security or defensive role, or is operated by the military.

17. Ground handling operations 1. Overview We can distinguish two major types of ground handling procedures which are designated as either terminal or airside operations.

18. First, we should define the whole range of operations that ground handlers deal with. The following list is an exhaustive for common commercial flights:

19. Ramp services Supervision Marshaling Start-up Moving/towing aircraft Safety measures

20. On-ramp aircraft services Repair of faults, fueling, wheel and tire check Ground power supply Deicing, cooling/heating Toilet servicing, Potable water, demineralized water Routine maintenance Non-routine maintenance Cleaning of cockpit windows, wings, nacelles and cabin windows

21. Onboard servicing Cleaning Catering In-flight entertainment Minor servicing of cabin fittings Alteration of seat configuration

22. External ramp equipment Passenger steps Catering loaders Cargo loaders, mail and equipment loading

23. Obviously, ground handling management has to deal with very diverse tasks. Preferably, these operations are performed simultaneously to decrease ground time and thus to increase aircraft productivity. Airlines pay at the most part for the delays that their aircrafts experience.

24. Therefore, they strongly emphasizes the time- efficiency of ground operations provided either by themselves, or the airport authority or independent companies. It makes the task even tougher for ground handlers whose efficiency relies on technology-advanced equipment, coordination of staff and information support systems.

25. 2. Equipment In terms of ground handling equipment, we found out that available products are numerous. It would not be very relevant to analyze thoroughly every company with all their products.

26. The list below summarizes what equipment is basically required:

27. Tow-bars : they make it possible to tow a given aircraft by a tractor which is clipped to the bar. The main advantage is that you need only one type of tractor to tow all types of aircrafts. The main disadvantage is the high number of staff required to fix the bar to the aircraft.

28. Push-back tractors : it is a good alternative to tow aircrafts as tow-bars are not always required. On the other hand, these devices are much more expensive than universal tractors coupled with tow-bars.

29. Forklifts : they are used to carry pallets especially when ground handling operations deal with freight.

30. Steps : they are available with or without canopy.

31. Loader : They are used to carrying heavy loads between 3.5 and 14 tons. This can include baggage containers.

32. Dollies : Are used for the transportation of loose baggages, over-sized baggages, mail bags, loose cargo carton boxes, etc. between the aircraft and the terminal or sorting facility.

33. Belts : they are used mostly to carrying smaller loads and baggage when they are not packed in containers.

34. Transporteurs/Transporters : they facilitate the transport of containers.

35. Tractors : they facilitate the transport of containers.

36. C h o c k s are used to prevent an aircraft from moving while parked at the gate or in a hangar. Chocks are placed in the front and back of the wheels of landing gear. They are made out of hard wood or hard rubber.

37. Aircraft Tripod Jack They are used to support a parked aircraft to prevent their tail from drooping or even falling to the ground. When the passengers in the front get off an aircraft, the aircraft becomes tail heavy and the tail will droop. Using the jack is optional and not every aircraft need it.

38. Powered equipment: Refuelers Aircraft refuelers can be either a self-contained fuel truck, or a hydrant truck or cart. Fuel trucks are self-contained, typically containing up to 10,000 US gallons of fuel and have their own pumps, filters, hoses, and other equipment.

39. Tugs and tractors The tugs and tractors at an airport have several purposes and represent the essential part of ground support services. They are used to move all equipment that can not move itself. This includes bag carts, mobile air conditioning units, air starters, and lavatory carts.

40. Ground power units A ground power unit (GPU) is a vehicle capable of supplying power to aircraft parked on the ground. Ground power units may also be built into the jetway, making it even easier to supply electrical power to aircraft.

41. Bus e s are used to move people from the terminal to either an aircraft or another terminal.

42. Container loader Container loaders, also known as cargo loaders or "K loaders", are used for the loading and unloading of containers and pallets into and out of aircraft.

43. Potable water trucks Potable water trucks are special vehicles that provide reliability and consistency in the delivery of quality water to an aircraft. The water is filtered and protected from the elements while being stored on the vehicle. A pump in the vehicle assists in moving the water from the truck to the aircraft.

44. Catering vehicle Catering includes the unloading of unused food and drink from the aircraft, and the loading of fresh food and drinks for passengers and crew. The meals are typically delivered in standardized carts. Meals are prepared mostly on the ground in order to minimize the amount of preparation (apart from chilling or reheating) required in the air.

45. De/anti-icing vehicles The procedure of de/anti-icing, protection from fluids freezing up on aircraft, is done from special vehicles. A hose sprays a special mixture that melts current ice on the aircraft and also prevents some ice from building up while waiting on the ground.

46. Ramp service This includes services on the ramp or apron, such as: Guiding the aircraft into and out of the parking position (by way of aircraft marshalling), Towing with pushback tractors Lavatory drainage Water cartage (typically non-potable for lavatory sink use) Air conditioning (more common for smaller aircraft)

47. Airstart units (for starting engines) Luggage handling, usually by means of beltloaders and baggage carts Gate checked luggage Air cargo handling, usually by means of cargo dollies and cargo loaders Catering trucks Refueling, which may be done with a refueling tanker truck or refueling pumper

48. Ground power (so that engines need not be running to provide aircraft power on the ground) Passenger stairs (used instead of an aerobridge or airstairs, some budget airlines use both to improve turnaround speed) Wheelchair lifts, if required Hydraulic mules (units that provide hydraulic power to an aircraft externally) Deicing

49. SALARIES