guava fruit borers

R.Varshini
APAC

Bionomics, distribution, host range, symptom of damage and management of guava fruit borers

1. Bionomics, distribution, host range, symptom of damage and management of guava fruit borers AEN 302 PESTS OF HORTICULTURAL CROPS AND STORED PRODUCTS AND THEIR MANAGEMENT[1+1] R.VARSHINI 2017018094

2. Fruit borer complex Castor capsule borer:   Congethes ( Dichocrocis ) punctiferalis   (Lepidoptera: Crambidae ) Pomegranate butterfly:   Deudorix ( Virachola ) isocrates   (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae ) Fruit borer:   Rapala varuna (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae ) )

3. Castor capsule borer:   Conogethes punctiferalis   ( Pyraustidae : Lepidoptera) Distribution and status : South India (Major ) Host range : Cardamom, castor, jack, guava  

4. Bionomics   Eggs :laid on top leaf axils, inflorescence, tender part of plant and fruits, egg period 6-7 days . Larva: pale reddish brown with numerous tubercles on body . Larval period 12-16 days . Pupation :inside the fruit in a silken cocoon, pupal period 4-11 days. Adult: Medium sized bright orange-yellow color has numerous f black dots on wings. Life cycle completed in 25-33 days.

5. BIONOMICS

6. Damage symptoms Larva bores into the young fruits which dry up and fall prematurely, bore holes plugged with excreta

7. Management Cultural control : Detect early infestation by periodic monitoring. Keeping basin clean. Maintain adequate aeration by proper training and pruning Pomegranate should not be cultivated close to guava as this is the most preferred host of this pest. Collect and destroy the infested fruits regularly. Mechanical control : Prune the affected parts of the plant and destroy. Use light trap @ 1/acre and operate between 6 pm and 10 pm CHEMICAL CONTROL : Spray malathion 50 EC at 3 L or endosulfan 3 L or dimethoate 30 EC 3 L in 1500 – 2000 L water per ha, two rounds, one at flower formation and next at fruit set.

8.   Anar butterfly / Fruit borer:   Virachola   ( Duodorix )   isocrates , Rapala varuna  ( Lycaenidae : Lepidoptera) Distribution and status : All over India . Host range : Aonla , apple, ber , citrus, guava, litchi, loquat, peach, mulberry, pear, sapota , tamarind.

9. Bionomics EGG: Shiny , white, oval shaped eggs laid singly on calyx of flowers and on tender fruits . Egg period 7-10 days, larval period 18-47 days .   LARVA : dark brown, having short hairs and white patches all over the body. Larvae pupates inside fruit but occasionally outside even, attaching themselves to stalk of fruits, pupal period 7-34 days. Four generations completed in a year

10. Male glossy, bluish violet, Female brownish violet with an orange patch on forewings.

11. Damage symptoms Larvae bore inside the developing fruits and feed on pulp and seeds just before the rind exhibiting round bore holes on fruit.  Infested fruits are also attacked by bacteria and fungi, which ultimately fall off and give an offensive smell. Fruit rotting and dropping. Fruits damaged by D . Isocrates Larvae inside the damaged fruits

12. MANAGEMENT Cultural control : Cover fruits with paper bags. Remove and destroy the affected fruits. Pomegranate should not be cultivated close to guava as this is the most preferred host of this pest Collect and destroy the infested fruits regularly. Mechanical control : Remove weeds of compositae family . Prune the affected parts of the plant and destroy them. Detect early infestation by periodic monitoring Install light trap @ 1/ acre to monitor and mechanical collection of insects

13. CHEMICAL CONTROL : Spray malathion 50 EC at 3 L or endosulfan 3 L or dimethoate 30 EC 3 L in 1500 – 2000 L water per ha, two rounds, one at flower formation and next at fruit set. Natural enemies of fruit borers : Parasitoids : Trichogramma chilonis , Tetrastichus spp., Telenomus spp., Chelonus blackburni , Carcelia spp. Campoletis chlorideae , Bracon spp. Predators : Chrysoperla , Rove beetles, Spiders, Coccinellids , Robber fly, Dragonfly, Reduviid bug, Praying mantis, Fire ants, Big eyed bugs, Pentatomid bug, Earwigs, Ground beetles, common mynah and King crow

14. REFERENCE https://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/integrated-pest-managment/ipm-for-fruit-crops/ipm-strategies-for-guava http://eagri.org/eagri50/ENTO331/lecture19/guava_004.html http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/Courses/Crop%20Pests%20&%20Stored%20Grain%20Pests%20&%20their%20Mgmt/ENTO%20331/Data%20Files/lecture19/pomegranate_001.html

15. THANK YOU R.VARSHINI 2017018094 3 RD YEAR B-BATCH