Guided media Transmission Media

Introduction to Transmission Media
Types of Transmission Media
Description about Guided Media
Types of Guided media

1. GUIDEDMEDIA

2. Acommunicationchannelthatisusedtocarrythedatafromthetransmitter
tothereceiverthroughtheelectromagneticsignals.Themainfunctionofthisis
tocarrythedatainthebitsformthroughtheLocalAreaNetwork(LAN).
Indatacommunication,itworkslikeaphysicalpathbetweenthesender&
thereceiver.Forinstance,inacoppercablenetworkthebitsintheformof
electricalsignalswhereasinafibernetwork,thebitsareavailableintheform
oflightpulses.
Thequality,aswellascharacteristicsofdatatransmission,canbe
determinedfromthecharacteristicsofmedium&signal.Thepropertiesof
differenttransmissionmediaaredelay,bandwidth,maintenance,cost,andeasy
installation.
INTRODUCTION TO
TRANSMISSION MEDIA

3. TYPES OF TRANSMISSION MEDIA

4. GUIDEDMEDIA
Itisdefinedasthephysicalmediumthroughwhichthe
signalsaretransmitted.ItisalsoknownasBounded
media.
Inguidedmedia,transmitteddatatravelsthrough
cablingsystemthathasafixedpath.Forexample,copper
wires,fibreopticwires,etc.

5. TWISTED PAIR
Twisted pair is a physical media made up of a pair of
cables twisted with each other. A twisted pair cable is
cheap as compared to other transmission media.
Installation of the twisted pair cable is easy, and it is a
lightweight cable. The frequency range for twisted pair
cable is from 0 to 3.5KHz.
A twisted pair consists of two insulated copper wires
arranged in a regular spiral pattern. The degree of
reduction in noise interference is determined by the
number of turns per foot. Increasing the number of turns
per foot decreases noise interference.

6. TWISTED PAIR

7. Anunshieldedtwistedpairiswidelyusedintelecommunication.
Followingarethecategoriesoftheunshieldedtwistedpaircable:
oCategory1:Category1isusedfortelephonelinesthathavelow-
speeddata.
oCategory2:Itcansupportupto4Mbps.
oCategory3:Itcansupportupto16Mbps.
oCategory4:Itcansupportupto20Mbps.Therefore,itcanbeused
forlong-distancecommunication.
oCategory5:Itcansupportupto200Mbps.
UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR

8. ADVANTAGESOFUNSHIELDEDTWISTEDPAIR:
oItischeap.
oInstallationoftheunshieldedtwistedpairiseasy.
oItcanbeusedforhigh-speedLAN.
DISADVANTAGE OFUNSHIELDEDTWISTEDPAIR :
oThiscablecanonlybeusedforshorterdistancesbecause
ofattenuation.

9. Ashieldedtwistedpairisacablethatcontainsthemesh
surroundingthewirethatallowsthehighertransmissionrate.
CHARACTERISTICSOFSHIELDEDTWISTEDPAIR:
oThecostoftheshieldedtwistedpaircableisnotveryhighandnot
verylow.
oAninstallationofSTPiseasy.
oIthashighercapacityascomparedtounshieldedtwistedpaircable.
oIthasahigherattenuation.
oItisshieldedthatprovidesthehigherdatatransmissionrate.
Disadvantages
oItismoreexpensiveascomparedtoUTPandcoaxialcable.
oIthasahigherattenuationrate.
SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR

10. oCoaxial cable is very commonly used transmission media, for example,
TV wire is usually a coaxial cable.
oThe name of the cable is coaxial as it contains two conductors parallel
to each other.
oIt has a higher frequency as compared to Twisted pair cable.
oThe inner conductor of the coaxial cable is made up of copper, and the
outer conductor is made up of copper mesh. The middle core is made up
of non-conductive cover that separates the inner conductor from the
outer conductor.
oThe middle core is responsible for the data transferring whereas
the copper mesh prevents from the EMI(Electromagnetic
interference).
COAXIAL CABLE

11. 1.Basebandtransmission:Itisdefinedastheprocessof
transmittingasinglesignalathighspeed.
2.Broadbandtransmission:Itisdefinedastheprocessof
transmittingmultiplesignalssimultaneously.
COAXIAL CABLE

12. ADVANTAGESOFCOAXIALCABLE
oThedatacanbetransmittedathighspeed.
oIthasbettershieldingascomparedtotwistedpair
cable.
oItprovideshigherbandwidth.
DISADVANTAGESOFCOAXIALCABLE:
oItismoreexpensiveascomparedtotwistedpair
cable.
oIfanyfaultoccursinthecablecausesthefailurein
theentirenetwork.

13. oFibreopticcableisacablethatuseselectricalsignalsfor
communication.
oFibreopticisacablethatholdstheopticalfibrescoatedinplasticthat
areusedtosendthedatabypulsesoflight.
oTheplasticcoatingprotectstheopticalfibresfromheat,cold,
electromagneticinterferencefromothertypesofwiring.
oFibreopticsprovidefasterdatatransmissionthancopperwires.
FIBREOPTICCABLE
Diagrammaticrepresentationoffibreopticcable

14. Core:Theopticalfibreconsistsofanarrowstrandofglassorplasticknownasa
core.Acoreisalighttransmissionareaofthefibre.Themoretheareaofthecore,the
morelightwillbetransmittedintothefibre.
Cladding:Theconcentriclayerofglassisknownascladding.Themain
functionalityofthecladdingistoprovidethelowerrefractiveindexatthecore
interfaceastocausethereflectionwithinthecoresothatthelightwavesare
transmittedthroughthefibre.
oJacket:Theprotectivecoatingconsistingofplasticisknownasajacket.Themain
purposeofajacketistopreservethefibrestrength,absorbshockandextrafibre
protection.
BASICELEMENTS OFFIBREOPTICCABLE

15. GreaterBandwidth:Thefibreopticcableprovidesmorebandwidthas
comparedcopper.Therefore,thefibreopticcarriesmoredataascomparedto
coppercable.
Fasterspeed:Fibreopticcablecarriesthedataintheformoflight.This
allowsthefibreopticcabletocarrythesignalsatahigherspeed.
Longerdistances:Thefibreopticcablecarriesthedataatalongerdistance
ascomparedtocoppercable.
Betterreliability:Thefibreopticcableismorereliablethanthecopper
cableasitisimmunetoanytemperaturechangeswhileitcancauseobstructin
theconnectivityofcoppercable.
ThinnerandSturdier:Fibreopticcableisthinnerandlighterinweightso
itcanwithstandmorepullpressurethancoppercable.
FOLLOWING ARETHEADVANTAGES OFFIBREOPTIC
CABLEOVERCOPPER:

16. THANK YOU