HARDUAGANJ THERMAL POWER STATION TRAINING REPORT BY GEETESH 8800980200

1. HARDUAGANJHARDUAGANJ
THERMAL POWER PLANTTHERMAL POWER PLANT

2. INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION
In India 65% of total power is generated by the Thermal Power Stations.
Yamunanagar Thermal Power Project i.e D.C.R.T..P.P(Deen Bandhu ChotuRam
Thermal Power Plant) is a project of hariyana.
Harduaganj Thermal Power Station is located at K
asimpur Power House Colony which is 1KM distance from Harduaganj Railway
Station at Harduaganj in Aligarh district in the Indian state of Uttar pradesh.

3. CAPACITY
Harduaganj Thermal Power Station has a installed capacity of 665 MW.
1 Unit of 60 MW capacity (it is unit number fifth).
1 Unit of 250 MW capacity (it is unit number eighth).
1 Unit of 250 MW capacity (it is unit number ninth)..
Its last unit (ninth unit) of 250 MW became operational in June 2012.

5. WHAT IS THERMAL POWER STATION
 A thermal power station is a power plant in which the main requirement for
making electricity is steam.
 Thermal power station are the stations in which energy of coal is converted into
electrical energy. It is use to produce heat in the boiler and water is converted into
steam. This steam is used to drive the steam turbine which is connected to the
generator and generation of electricity starts. In which coal is used as a fuel and
steam turbine is used to start generator.

 Thermal power plant converts the heat energy of coal into electrical energy.
Coal is burnt in a boiler which converts the water into steam. The expansion of
steam in turbine produces mechanical power which drives the alternator.

6. Main and Auxiliary Equipments:
 
Coal handling plant
Pulverizing plant
Drafts fans
Boiler
Ash handling plant
Turbine
Condenser
Cooling towers and ponds
Feed water and heater
Economizer
Super heater
Air pre-heater

7. Coal Handling Plant:
A coal preparation plant (CPP) is a facility that washes coal of soil and rock, 
preparing it for transport to market.
 A CPP may also be called a coal handling and preparation plant (CHPP), prep
plant, tipple, or wash plant.                                          
Pulverizing Plant:
 A pulverizer or grinder is a mechanical device for the grinding of many different 
types of materials. For example, they are used to pulverize coal for combustion in the 
steam-generating furnaces of fossil fuel power plants.
The pulverizing plant is a ball-mill type.
Ball Mill:
 A ball mill is a type of grinder used to grind materials into extremely fine powder 
for use in mineral dressing processes, paints, pyrotechnics, and ceramics. Ball mills 
rotate around a horizontal axis.

8. Draft System:
The combustion in boiler requires supply of sufficient quantity of air and removal of 
exhaust gases.
The circulation of air is caused by a difference in pressure, known as draft.
The drafts used are both Natural draft & Mechanical draft.
Ash Handling Plant:
The percentage of coal varies from 5% to 40%.
In this ash 25% is furnace bottom ash and 75% is pulverized fuel ash.
Super Heater:
Wet steam from the boiler is passed through super heater where it is dried and 
superheated by the flue gases on their way to chimney to increase overall efficiency of 
plant.
The ash handling plants are steam jet system as well as electrostatic precipitator.

9. Water cycle is completed in three cycles:-
Condensate water cycle
Feed water cycle
Steam cycle
 

Condensate Water Cycle:-

Condensate water cycle starts from condenser and end at section of BFP (boiler feed 
pump).
 
Feed Water Cycle:-
 Feed water cycle starts from boiler feed pump (BFP) and at the boiler drum.
 Steam Cycle:-
It starts from boiler drum upto condenser.

10. Boiler Feed Pump

11. Boiler

12. A boiler is a closed vessel in which water is converted into steam. 
The boiler used in this plant is water tube boiler in which water flows inside
   the  tubes and hot gases flows outside the tubes.
The circulation of water in the boiler may be natural (due to different in       
   density of cold and hot water) or forced through the action of pumps.

13. TURBINE
Turbine is a high speed rotating machine that converts the kinetic energy and
pressure energy of the steam in to useful work.
 A turbine generally has three stages namely as high pressure, intermediate pressure
and low pressure.
 The main steam enters in to H.P. turbine and after expansion in the turbine the
pressure and temperature fall down. The main steam is returned to the boiler for the
reheating in the Re-heater.

15. TURBINE:-
 It is the device which converts the heat energy of steam into mechanical energy
(potential rotational kinetic energy).
HP TURBINE:-
 It is a 12 stage turbine (High Pressure Turbine). The super heated steam without
any moisture content falls at the blades of HP turbine and pass out from it. It starts
rotating.

IP TURBINE:-
 The steam of 535
0
c temp and 22kg/cm
2
IP turbine blades and tries to move it.

16. S.HEATER
R.H.
I.P
L.P
condenser
H.P
STEAM FLOW

17. Generator
A generator is an electro-mechanical device that converts mechanical energy to ac
current electrical energy. Turbine is coupled with the turbo generator that normally
spins at 3000 rpm in countries with 50 Hz supply frequency. It is an electro
-mechanical device that converts mechanical energy in to electrical energy.

18. Conclusion
Such plants are located at a place where supply of water and coal is available and
transportation facilities are adequate.
Cost of fuel transportation maximum because huge amount of coal is transported to
the plant site.
Initial cost is lower and running cost is high.
Overall efficiency is less.
Requires a lot of time for starting.
Maintenance cost quite high.
Stand by losses maximum as the boiler remains in operation even when the turbine
is not working.

19. Reference
Main and Auxiliary equipments, principal of power system by V.K.Mehta.
www.wekipedia .com
www.indianpowersection.com
www.thermalpowerplant.india.com

21. ANY QUERY???