Health assessment on the nail examination

Health assessment on the nail examination

1. HEALTH ASSESSMENT THE NAIL EXAMINATION PREPARED BY: USHA RANI KANDULA, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF ADULT HEALTH NURSING, ARSI UNIVERSITY, ASELLA, ETHIOPIA, EAST AFRICA.

2. THE NAIL EXAMINATION Healthy nailbeds are level, firm , and similar to the color of the skin. The nail is smooth and uniform in texture. Examine nails on both hands and feet.

3. Variations in color , shape , or texture may indicate health problems .

4. NAIL COLOR -Pink nails with rapid capillary refill indicate circulation to the extremities.

5. PALE OR CYANOTIC NAIL BEDS -Pale or cyanotic nailbeds are seen in clients with -circulatory or respiratory disorders -that result in anemia or hypoxia.

6. MEES LINES IN NAIL - Mees ’ lines, which are transverse white lines in the nailbed . -They are seen in clients who have experienced severe illnesses or nutritional deficiencies.

7. MEES LINES IN NAIL

8. SPLINTER HEMORRHAGES Splinter hemorrhages, which are small hemorrhages under the nailbed . They are associated with bacterial endocarditis or trauma.

9. SPLINTER HEMORRHAGES

10. Black nails, resulting from blood under the nail, are seen after local trauma . Nails can also drop after blunt trauma . ■ White spots may indicate zinc deficiency.

11. CLUBBING NAILS - The normal nail plate angle of 160 °. -Clubbing , in which the nail plate angle is 180° or more, is associated with long-term hypoxic states, such as occur with chronic lung disease.

12. CLUBBING NAILS

13. Spoon-shaped nails may result from iron deficiency.

14. NAIL TEXTURE Nails are normally smooth in texture . Thickened nails may result from poor circulation .

15. ONYCHOMYCOSIS -A thick nail with yellowing is an indication of fungal infection known as onychomycosis .

16. BRITTLE NAILS Brittle nails are seen with hyperthyroidism , malnutrition, calcium and iron deficiency, and repeated use of harsh nail products.

17. -Soft , boggy nails are seen with poor oxygenation.

18. CHRONIC NAIL PICKING -The tissue surrounding the nail should be smooth epidermis. Chronic nail-picking results in callus formation.

19. PARONYCHIA The surrounding skin becomes inflamed. This condition, known as paronychia , is painful and may require drainage if infection is present .

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