Heart failure, and it’s various cause ppt

Heart failure

1. Factors affecting GFR
Arpit Kumar Yadav
Roll no 38

2. Objectives
1.Glomerular filtration rate
2. Determinants of GFR
3.Hormones and autacoids that influence GFR

3. GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE
GFR is defined as the amount of filtrate formed by the glomerular filtering
membrane of both the kidney in a unit time.
Normally it is 125ml/min
Filtration fraction
Fraction of renal plasma, which become filtrate.
Filtration fraction= (GFR/Renal plasma flow Fraction)*100 = (125/650)*100
=19.2

4. Determinant of GFR
Governed by 2 major factors:
A.Glomerular capillary Filtration coefficient (Kf)

B.Starling forces (hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients)

5. Glomerular capillary filtration coefficient
It is a measurement of the product of hydraulic conductivity and surface
area of the glomerular capillaries.
It cannot be measured directly, but it can be estimated experimentally by
dividing GFR by net filtration pressure.
Kf = GFR/NET FILTRATION PRESSURE =12.5

6. Starling forces or sum of the hydrostatic and colloidal osmotic
forces across glomerular membrane, which give net filtration
pressure
Forces favouring filtration
Glomerular hydrostatic pressure = 60mm Hg
Bowman Capsule colloid osmotic pressure = 0
Forces opposing filtration
Bowman’s capsule hydrostatic pressure = 18 mm Hg
Glomerular capillary colloid osmotic pressure = 32 mm Hg
Net filtration pressure = 60-18-32 = 10 mm Hg

9. Hormonal/ Autacoids mechanism

10. References
Guyton & Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology: Third South
Asia Edition

11. Thank You