Hematology Analyzer.pptx

Hematology Analyzer training

1. Hematology Analyzer

2. Objective At the end of this session, participants will be able to Perform preventive and curative maintenance of Hematology Analyzer following standard safety and maintenance procedures

3. Outline Types of Blood cells Purpose of Hematology Analyzer Working principle of Hematology Analyzer Basic parts of Hematology Analyzer Safe handling of Hematology Analyzer Preventive and curative maintenance of Hematology Analyzer Troubleshooting on Hematology Analyzer

4. Hematology

5. Hematology Tests evaluate Infection, Anemia, Inflammation, Hemophilia, Blood-clotting disorders Leukemia and Body’s response to chemotherapy treatments.

6. Types of Blood cells 3 main types of blood cells: Plasma(55%) Buffy Coat <1% (White Blood Cells and Platelets) Red Blood Cells(45%)

7. Hematology Analyzer

8. Hematology Analyzer Computerized and automated machines that counts number of blood cells.

9. Types of Hematology Analyzers

10. Working principle of Hematology Analyzer 1. Electrical impedance(Coulter Principle) Impedance changes as a cell passes through aperture Cell count and measure of volume

11. Working principle of Hematology Analyzer Change in impedance is proportional to cell volume Output comes in the form of electrical pulses Only for 3 part differential WBCs

12. Working principle of Hematology Analyzer Final Result WBC 3 diff

13. Working principle of Hematology Analyzer 2. RF/DC Detection Method Changes in direct-current resistance= cell count and measure of volume Changes in radio-frequency resistance =density of the blood cell’s internal parts. WBC 5 diff

14. Working principle of Hematology Analyzer

15. Working principle of Hematology Analyzer 3. Flow Cytometry Method Forward scattered light= cell size Side scattered light=cell interior

16. Working principle of Hematology Analyzer Fluorescent reagents added Intensity of emitted fluorescence measured Analysis: Platelets, Nucleated RBCs, and Reticulocytes.

17. Working principle of Hematology Analyzer 4. Photometric technique for Hemoglobin Voltage signals produced before adding sample and after HGB is added are compared

18. Basic parts of Hematology analyzer

19. Basic parts of Hematology analyzer 1. Optical System Provides detection, amplification, and processing of the signals from the HGB Flow Cell. Fig: HGB Flowcell

20. Basic parts of Hematology Analyzer 2. Liquid /Fluidic System Preparation of dilueted sample Counting blood cells and measurement of HGB concentration Implementing flush, startup and cleaning cycles Controlling vacuum/pressure FIG:WBC/RBC counting chambers FIG: Fluidic System

21. Basic parts of Hematology Analyzer 3. Electronic Components Amplify analog signals of WBC/RBC/PLT counts, HGB measurement, aperture voltage and vacuum/pressure signals Generate control signals to control the valves, HGB Light source and current source. Monitor the pressure and vacuum in chambers Control motors of the syringes and pumps FIG: CPU

22. Safe Handling of Hematology Analyzers Samples, reagents, hematology controls, standards and waste liquid may have danger of contagion. So, wear protection clothes. Check that the instrument is grounded properly. Use specified tools or parts to maintain this analyzer.

23. Preventive and Corrective Maintenance 1. Preventive Maintenance Automated mechanisms to perform basic preventive maintenance operations Cleaning, Priming and Testing analyzer parts. Semi-Annual Preventive Maintenance Remove the communication cable and the waste sensor. Disassemble the tubing for the diluent, lyse, and waste. Clean the outside of the tubing using Chem-swab Alcohol Wipes. Open all the covers of the machine and clean the liquid system and the electronic system

24. Troubleshooting

25. Troubleshooting Problem Identification: Data collection Problem classification: Cause Identification Trouble clearing: Note: Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for calibration, regular servicing, troubleshooting and maintenance.

26. 2. Corrective Maintenance

27. Summary Hematology is Study of the blood Hematology analyzers count the numbers of of blood cells( WBC, RBC and Platelets) Measurement techniques are electrical impedance, RF/DC detection method (electric impedance measurement and Radio-Frequency), flow cytometry methods (using a semiconductor laser) and colorimetric techniques. Basic parts are optical System, liquid/ fluidic system and electronic components. Main steps of troubleshooting are problem identification, problem classification, trouble clearing.