Hernia

1. H ernia Mr. ASHOK BISHNOI Lecturer JINR

2. “ It is a abnormal protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through the wall of the cavity” It may occur at any part of the body, but most common in abdominal cavity. Definition:-

3. Muscles weakness Increase abdominal pressure Obesity Pregnancy Coughing Weight lifting Trauma Etiology :-

4. Inguinal hernia a. Direct Inguinal hernia b. Indirect Inguinal hernia Umbilical hernia Femoral hernia Incisional hernia or ventral hernia Hital hernia Types:-

5. A. Direct inguinal hernia- Occur through inguinal ring due to weakness of the abdominal wall. B. Indirect inguinal hernia- Bowel passes through the wall in an area of muscular weakness 1.Inguinal hernia:-

6. Occur through the umbilicus due to increase abdominal pressure. it is usually occur in obese & multiparous women. 2.Umbilical hernia

7. It occur through the femoral ring 3.Femoral hernia-

8. It occur at the site of previous surgical incision. 4.Incisional hernia or ventral hernia-

9. It is a portion of a stomach in to oesophagus through an opening or hitus in the diaphragm. 5.Hital /diaphragmatic/ Oesophagial hernia-

10. Due to etiological factor Increase abdominal pressure Weakness of muscles Protrusion of organ tissue Pathophysiology :-

11. Clinical manifestation:-

12. Diagnostic evaluation:-

13. Medical management- A truss Pad held a place by a belt Pad is placed over the hernia (reduce hernia) Surgical management- Indirect inguinal hernia— Herniotomy . Herniorrhaphy (Removal of a hernial sac & repair of the abdominal wall) Hernioplasty - Plastic repai of the abdominal wall. Herniotomy - Removal of hernia Mnagement :-