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1. Expanded program on immunization (epi) - MS. Hiral k harijan - class: t. y. gnm - roll no: 12

2. introduction The Expanded Program On Immunization Is World Health Organization Program With The Goal To Make Vaccine Available To All Children Throughout The World. The World Health Organization Initiated The Expanded Program On Immunization In May 1947 With The Objective To Vaccinate Children Throughout The World.

3. objective To Reduce Infant Mortality &Morbidity Among Infants & Children Caused By The Seven Childhood Immunizable Disease. There Are Four Major Strategies:- Sustaining High Routine FIC Average At Least 90% In All Provides & Cities. Sustaining The Polio Free Country. Eliminating Measles By 2008. Elimination Neonatal Tetanus By 2008.

4. The epi target diseases

5. HEPATITIS Hepatitis B Is A Vaccine-preventable Liver Infection Caused By The Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). Transmitted Through Percutaneous Or Mucosal Exposure To Infectious Blood Or Body Fluids. HBV Can Cause Chronic Infection, Resulting In Cirrhosis Of The Liver, Liver Failure Or Death.

6. Sign & SYMPTOMS Fever Fatigue Loss Of Appetite Nausea Vomiting Abdominal Pain Dark Urine Joint Pain

7. tuberculosis Definition:- Contagious Infection That Usually Attacks Your Lungs. It Can Also Spread To Other Parts Of Your Body, Like Your Spine And Brain. Symptoms And Diagnosis:- Cough With Sputum And Blood At Same Times Chest Pain Weakness Weight Loss Fever Night Sweats

8. measles An Acute Viral Disease Characterized By Fever, Swelling And Tenderness Of One Or More Of The Salivary Glands. Caused By Mumps Virus, Which Belongs To A Family Of Viruses Known As Paramyxoviruses. Sign & Symptoms: Puffy Chicks And Tender Swollen Jaw Fever Headache Muscle Aches Tiredness Loss Of Appetite

9. diphtheria Definition:- An Infection Of The Throat Caused By The Bacterium Corynebacterium Diphtheriae. This Disease Primarily Affected Child Under Age Of 5. Causes: A Serious Infection Caused By Strain Of Bacteria Called Corynebacterium Diphtheriae That Make A Toxin. Sign & Symptoms: Sore Throat Fever Inflammation Of Nerve Kidney Problems

10. poliomyelitis Definition: A Disabling And Life-threatening Disease Caused By The Poliovirus. The Virus Spreads From Person To Person And Can Infect A Person’s Spinal Cord Causing Paralysis. Sign & Symptoms:- Between 70% To 95% Of People Infected With Poliovirus Don’t Have Symptoms. Of These Symptoms People Have Mildest Form With Flu Like And Intestinal Symptoms. Paralytic Causes The Most Serious Symptoms, Including Paralysis.

11. Tetanus toxoid The Tetanus Vaccine Given During Pregnancy (The 1 st Dose As Soon As Possible During Pregnancy And The 2 nd Dose At Least 4 Weeks After The 1 st And At Least 2 Weeks Before Due Date) Side Effect: Mild Fever Joint Pain Muscle Aches Nausea Tiredness Redness

12. pertussis Definition: It Is Also Known As Whooping Cough, Is Highly Contagious Respiratory Infection Caused By The Bacterium Bordetella Pertussis. When A Person Who Has Whooping Cough Sneezes Or Coughs, They Can Release Small Particles With Bacteria In Them. Sign & Symptoms: Mild Fever Runny Nose Cough Whooping

13. Concept & importance of vaccination Immunization: Is The Process By Which Vaccines Are Introduced Into The Body Before Infection Sets In. Vaccines Are Administered To Intracules Immunity There By Causing The Recipient-immune System To React To The Vaccine That Produces Antibodies To Fight Against Infection. Vaccination Promote Health & Protect Children From Diseases Causing Agents. Infants And New Born Need To Be Vaccinated At An Early Age Since The Belong To Vulnerable Age Group.

14. Reasons WHY immunization schedule needs to be followed Ideal Timing Prevent Complication Early Protection Best Protection Long Term Protection Prevent Spreading Illness

15. Latest vaccines BCG ( FOR TB) HEPATITIS B ( FOR HEPATITIS B VIRUS) PENTAVALENT ( FOR DIPHTHERIA, PERTUSSIS, TETANUS, HEP-B VIRUS, HIB) OPV ( FOR POLIOMYELITIS) IPV ( FOR POLIO) MMR VACCINES PCV 13

16. Cold chain under epi Refers To The Maintenance At The Vaccines Product Quality From The Time. It Is Manufactured Until The Point Of Administration By Ensuring That Vaccines Are Stored And Transported Within WHO Recommended Temperature Ranges. This Is A Very Important Component Of An Immunization Programme Since All Vaccines Lose Potency Over Time, Especially If Exposed To Heat, And In Addition Some Also Lose Their Potency When Frozen.

17. Major elements of cold chain system Personnel Equipment Procedures .

18. Role of nurse in improving the delivery of immunization in the community Actively Master List Infants Eligible For Vaccination In The Community. Immunize Infants Following The Recommended Immunization Schedule, Route Of Administration, Correct Dosage & Following The Proper Cold Chain Storage Of Vaccines. Observe Aseptic Technique On Immunization & Use One Syringe & One Needle Per Child. This Reduces Blood-borne Diseases & Promote Safety Injection Practices. Dispose Used Syringes & Needles Properly. Inform, Educate & Communicate With Patients.

19. Conduct Health Visits In The Community To Assess Other Health Needs Of The Community. Identify Cases Of Epi Target Diseases Per Standard Case Definition. Manage Vaccines Properly By Following The Recommended Storage Of Vaccines. Record The Children Given With Vaccinated In Target List. Submit Report & Record Of Children Vaccinated, Cases & Death On Epi Diseases.

20. summary INTRODUCTION. OBJECTIVE. THE EPI TARGET DISEASES. CONCEPT & IMPORTANCE OF VACCINATION. REASONS ACHY IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE NEEDS TO BE FOLLOWED. LATEST VACCINES. COLD CHAIN UNDER EPI. MAJOR ELEMENTS OF COLD CHAIN SYSTEM. ROLE OF NURSE IN IMPROVING THE DELIVERY OF IMMUNIZATION IN THE COMMUNITY.