HISTORY: High Renaissance Architecture

History of Architecture 2
Report by: Group 2 (Leader: Lorie Lizardo)
DLS-College of St. Benilde
School of Architecture
2nd Term S.Y. 2015-16
February 2016

1. High Renaissance Silayan Ranada Makee Tulaylay Lorie Lizardo Gazelle Mejia James Chua James Edralin Josh Mercader Graciella Miranda

2. Objectives To know how high renaissance architecture started To know the different samples of high renaissance style To be able know the famous/important architects during those time To know the style used in High Renaissance

3. History Began in the 1940’s It is a culmination of the artistic development of the early renaissance, and one of the great explosions of the creative genius in history. It is notable for three of the greatest artists in history: Michelangelo, Raphael Sanzio and Leonardo da Vinci

4. Michelangelo Buonarroti An Italian sculptor, painter, architect, poet and engineer Exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of western art. Considered to be the greatest living artist during his lifetime and one of the greatest artist of all time.

5. Leonardo da Vinci Father of paleontology, ichnology and architecture. One of the greatest painters

6. Raphael Sanzio Italian painter and architect of the high renaissance His work is admired for its clarity of form ease of compassion and visual achievement of Neoplatonic ideal of human grandeur.

7. After Bramante's death in 1514, Raphael was named architect of the new  St Peter's . One of his important works - Palazzo Branconio Dell'Aquila Raphael Sanzio

8. Illusionism Artist in the high renaissance mastered the fundamentals techniques of visual illusionism

9. Fun Fact The high renaissance was viewed as the great explosion of creative genius.

10. Mannerism Mannerism , in Italian Manierismo , (from maniera , “manner,” or “style”), artistic style that predominated in Italy from the end of the High Renaissance in the 1520s to the beginnings of the Baroque style around 1590.

11. Mannerism Antonio Allegri da Correggio Andrea del Sarto

12. Where did it all start? Started in the Italian states, principally Rome, Capital of the Papal states, under Pope Julius II

13. Fun Fact It is actually a mixture of Greek architecture and Roman architecture

14. MURALS The use of color, design, and thematic treatment can radically alter the sensation of spatial proportions of the building. *MURAL TECHNIQUES - Encaustic Painting Is in which pigments are mixed with hot, liquid wax. After all of the colors have been applied to the painting surface, a heating element is passed over them until the individual brush or spatula marks fuse into a uniform film. -Tempera Painting Dry pigments are made usable by “tempering” them with a binding and adhesive vehicle. Such painting was distinguished from fresco painting, the colors for which contained no binder.

15. -Fresco Painting Fresco method of painting water-based pigments on freshly applied plaster, usually on wall surfaces. The colors, which are made by grinding dry-powder pigments in pure water, dry and set with the plaster to become a permanent part of the wall. Fresco painting is ideal for making murals because it lends itself to a monumental style, is durable, and has a matte surface. -Oil Painting on Canvas P ainting in oil colors, a medium consisting of pigments suspended in drying oils.

16. ENCAUSTIC TEMPERA FRESCO OIL PAINTING ON CANVAS

17. SCULPTURES Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of material, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other materials. Sculpture during the late-15th and early-16th-century gradually assumed a greater individual importance in relation to architecture and painting. Thus architecture actually became more sculpture-like: pilasters were replaced by columns; cornices and moldings were endowed with greater projection, allowing for new patterns of light and shade.

18. Statue of David ( Michelangelo ) Horse and Rider ( Leonardo Da Vinci ) Holy Family ( Bramante )

19. Culture the ideals of classical humanism were fully implemented in both painting and sculpture The key High Renaissance art in Rome included the mastery of oil painting and  sfumato , sculpting, fresco painting, an architecture. The High Renaissance unfolded against a back-drop of mounting religious and political tension To create spiritual figures, your image can't look very real, and if you want your image to appear real, then you sacrifice some spirituality

20. CHRISTIANITY is the religion of people during the High Renaissance . R eligion

21. Floor plans Square, symmetrical appearance in which proportions

22. Palazzo Farnese O ne of the most important high Renaissance in Rome.

23. Architecture

24. The rusticated stone was a popular design that created variation between stories wherein the first floor was roughly entailed while the second floor was smooth. The Palazzo from the outside had heavy cornices and rusticated stone walls but the inside lay out that made the Palazzo grand was its highly decorated and ornamented courtyard at the center.

25. The Tuscan order was used because its symbolized the strong male gods therefore making the structure look more powerful.

26. The Tempietto was the masterpiece of the High Renaissance period because of its harmonious construction of the great ancient roman architecture.

27. The central plan design was famous by Bramante's floor plan. Classical simplicity of the Pantheon is found apparent in Bramante's designs because he studied Roman temples first hand.

28. High renaissance churches are decorated by the most famous artists of the 16th-17th century like Raphael and Michelangelo.

29. The rise of the Palazzo was made during the High Renaissance period. Palazzo's were generally foreboding with its unadorned façade. The sheer simplicity of the walls and rows of windows emphasized the window variations and pediments. It also emphasizes the walls texture during that time called " Rustification ".

30. Styles of High Renaissance Architecture Giant Order- columns that extended up two floors of a building. Introduced by Michelangelo (1396-1472) for freedom of convention through exaggerated forms and the use of the oval.

31. Palazzo Dei Conservatori

32. San Giorgio Maggiore

33. Reaction to High Renaissance perfection, encouraging the mixture of idealized and intentionally imbalanced compositions. Mannerism

34. Last Judgment of Christ - Michelangelo

35. La b atalla de Cascina - Sangallo

36. Donato Bramante Introduced renaissance in Milan and high renaissance in Rome The choir, which had to be truncated a depth of only 90 cm (3.0  ft ) due to the presence of a main road, was replaced by Bramante with a painted perspective, realizing in this way one of first examples of trompe l'oeil in history of art.

37. Santa Maria presso San Satiro  The church is known for its false apse, an early example oftrompe l'œil , attributed to Donato Bramante . the  optical illusion that the depicted objects exist in three dimensions . Lombard period Urbino and Milan

38. The Tempietto The so-called  Tempietto  (Italian: "small temple") is a small commemorative tomb ( martyrium ) built by Donato Bramante, possibly as early as 1502, in the courtyard of San Pietro in Montorio . Considered a masterpiece in high renaissance Tuscan order and peristyle (columns surround the perimeter) The building greatly reflected Brunelleschi's style . one of the most harmonious buildings of the Renaissance They believed st peter was cusified here

39. St Peter Basilica Planned S t peter basilica his greatest work and one of the most ambitious building projects up to that date in the history of humankind.  . Bramante’s part in its demolition earned him the nicknames of “Maestro Ruinante ” or “Maestro Guastante ”—“Master Wrecker” or “Master Breaker .” Bramante's vision for St Peter's, a centralized Greek cross plan that symbolized sublime perfection for him and his generation

40. Giuliano da Sangallo for fortification walls round the Castel Sant'Angelo, and also to build a palace adjoining the church of San Pietro in Vincoli , of which Julius had been titular cardinal For about eighteen months in 1514–1515 Giuliano acted as joint-architect to St. Peter's together with Raphael, but owing to age and ill-health he resigned this office about two years before his death

41. Giovanni Giocondo Giocondo was invited to France by Louis XII, and made royal adviser. Build the Pont Notre-Dame  in  Paris, and designed the Palace of the  Chambre des Comptes and the Chateau of Gaillon .

42. Raphael was for a time the chief architect for St. Peter’s, working in conjuncti His single most influential work is the Palazzo Pandolfini in Florence on with Antonio Sangallo.

43. Baldassare Peruzzi He worked for many years with Bramante, Raphael, and later Sangallo  during the erection of the new St. Peter's

44. Antonio da Sangallo (The younger) became a pupil of  Bramante The church of Santa Maria di Loreto near the Trajan's Market in Rome, considered Sangallo's masterwork . submitted a plan for St Peter’s and became the chief architect after the death of Raphael, to be succeeded himself by Michelangelo.

45. Antonio da Sangallo the Elder best known for the major work of his life - the pilgrimage church of the Madonna di San Biago at Montepulciano influenced by Bramante, created his church of San Biagio at Montepulciano (1518–29) on a Greek cross plan.

46. St. Peter's Basilica Designed principally by  Donato Bramante ,  Michelangelo ,  Carlo Maderno  and  Gian Lorenzo Bernini  St. Peter's is the most renowned work of  Renaissance architecture [2]  and one of the  largest churches in the world

47. The Process

48. Bramante’s Dome

49. Sangallo’s design

50. Questions Who were the 3 greatest artist in history? Michelangelo, Raphael Sanzio and Leonardo da Vinci

51. Questions Who introduced high renaissance to R ome? Bramante

52. Questions What is the floor plans of High Renaissance like?

53. Questions High renaissance is a mixture of _____ and ______ architecture? Greek and Roman Architecture

54. Questions What does Tempietto mean? Small temple

55. More Info! http:// www.slideshare.net/syedalaydroes/renaissance-42441359?next_slideshow=1

56. sources https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Pietro_in_Montorio#The_Tempietto https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giovanni_Giocondo#Architectural_works https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuliano_da_Sangallo https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raphael#Architecture https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldassare_Peruzzi https:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_da_Sangallo_the_Younger http:// www.britannica.com/biography/Antonio-da-Sangallo-the-Elder http:// www.britannica.com/biography/Leonardo-da-Vinci