History of MIcrobiology and parasitology.pptx

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1. History of Microbiology BIO 022 Presented by: Guro , Aishah & Baraontong , hannaleah

2. History of Microbiology Microbiology is the study of living organisms of microscope size. The term “ microbiology ” was given by french chemist ‘Luis Pasteur”. The term “ microbe ” was first used in sedillot in 1878.

3. The history of microbiology can be identified into different four Era’s MICROBIOLOGY DISCOVERY ERA TRANSITION ERA GOLDEN ERA MODERN ERA

4. The history of microbiology can be identified into different four Era’s MICROBIOLOGY DISCOVERY ERA

5. DISCOVERY ERA Aristotle ( 384-322) Aristotle propose the spontaneous generation theory. He stated that living organism could develop fro non-living materials.

6. DISCOVERY ERA Robert Hooke A 17 th century english scientist, was the first to use a lens to observe the smallest unit of tissue he called “ cells ”. Hooke’s discovery marked the beginning of the cell theory that ‘ all living things are composed of cells’.

7. ROBERT HOOKE MICROSCOPE 1670

8. ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK (1632-1723) The Dutch Merchants and Amateur Scientist. He was probably the first actually to observe live microorganisms through the magnifying lenses of more than 400 microscopes he constructed. Between 1673 and 1723 he wrote a series of letters to the Royal Society of London describing the “ animalcules ” he saw through his simple single-lens microscope.

9. ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK MICROSCOPE

10. The history of microbiology can be identified into different four Era’s MICROBIOLOGY DISCOVERY ERA TRANSITION ERA

11. TRANSITION ERA FRANCESCO REDI (1626-1697) The ancient belief in Spontaneous generation was first of well challenged by Redi , an Italian Physician, who carried out a series of experiments on decaying meat and its ability to produce maggots spontaneously. He proved that microorganism are present in atmosphere.

12. TRANSITION ERA JOHN NEEDHAM (1713-1781) He was probably the greatest supporter of the theory of Spontaneous generation. He proposed that tiny organisms or the animalcules arose spontaneously on his mutton gravy.

13. TRANSITION ERA LAZZARO SPALLLANZANI (1729-1799) He was the other scientist who by doing his experiment proved that air comes germs.

14. The history of microbiology can be identified into different four Era’s MICROBIOLOGY DISCOVERY ERA TRANSITION ERA GOLDEN ERA

15. GOLDEN ERA The golden age of microbiology began with the work of Luis Pasteur & Robert Koch who had their own research institute.

16. GOLDEN ERA LUIS PASTEUR He was considered as the father of medical microbiology. The discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurisation were given by him. He was the first to discover vaccines for rabies & anthrax. He was the first to propose germ theory

17. R abies Anthrax

18. GOLDEN ERA JOHN TYNDALL (1820-1893) He was an English physicist, deal a final blow to spontaneous generation in 1877. He conducted experiments un aseptically designed box to prove that dust indeed carried the germs. He discovered highly resistant bacterial structure , later known as endospore , in the infusion of hay. Prolonged boiling or intermittent heating was necessary to kill these spores, to make the infusion completely sterilized, a process known as Tyndallisation.

19. GOLDEN ERA LORD JOSEPH LISTER (1827-1912) H e was a famous English surgeon is known for his notable contribution to the antiseptic treatment for the prevention & cure of wound infections. He is known as father of antiseptic surgery.

20. GOLDEN ERA EDWARD JENNER (1749-1823) He was an English physician was the first to prevent small pox. He contributed a lot in vaccination

21. GOLDEN ERA ALEXANDER FLEMING The credit for the discovery of this first “Wonder Drug’ penicillin in 1929. He discovered penicillin from penicillin notatum

22. GOLDEN ERA PAUL EHRLICK (1854-1915) He gave his contribution in the treatment of Syphilis by arsenic.

23. The history of microbiology can be identified into different four Era’s MICROBIOLOGY DISCOVERY ERA TRANSITION ERA GOLDEN ERA MODERN ERA

24. MODERN ERA Many Nobel lauretes have their huge contribution in the filed of microbiology: Von Behring – Dipthntitox Ronald Ross - Malaria Robert Koch – Tuberculosis Metinkoff – phagocytosis Flemming - Penicillin Watson and Crick – Structure of DNA Holley, khorana – Genetic code Prisoner – Prions Brenner,hervitz – Genetic regulation of organ development and cell death

25. Robert Koch

26. Von Behring Dipthntitox

27. Thank you! Do you have any questions?