Hoisting and Transporting Equipments

This Presentation consists of details about the various Hoisting and Transporting Equipments In details.The concepts has been explained thoroughly with the help of Diagrams and various pictures related to the topics.

1. SUMBITTED BY:- CHARANJIV SINGH (1714033) ANIMESH DHARA (1714013) ARYAN SHARMA (1714026) CLASS:- D2CE-A HOISTING AND TRANSPORTING EQUIPMENTS

2. THE HOISTNG IS THE LIFTING OF THE MATERIAL AGAINST GRAVITY AND MAYBE DONE WITH A WIDE RANGE OF EQUIPMENTS FROM THE SMALL HAND OPERATED SIMPLE SCREW OR HYDRAULIC-JACK TO MODERN HIGH POWERED CRANES AND ELEVATORS. MEANING OF HOISTING

3. ASSEMBLY:-MOVING PRODUCTS THROUGH PRODUCTION PROCESSES POSITIONING:-SECURING A COMPONENT FOR ADDITIONAL WORK TRANSPORTATION:-LOADING FINISHED PRODUCTS ONTO OPEN TRAILERS OR RAILCARS STAGING:-HOLDING WORK IN PROGRESS FOR ADDITIONAL PRODUCTION PROCESS STORAGE:-TRANSPORTING HEAVY ITEMS TO AND FROM STORAGE AREAS WAREHOUSING:-MOVING LARGE, HEAVY PRODUCTS TO AND FROM DOCKS HOW IS HOISTING EQUIPMENT USED ?

4. PULLEY AND SHEAVE BLOCK CHAIN HOISTS CRANES WINCHES COMMON EQUIPMENTS FOR HOISTING

5. The chain hoists are the popular mechanism for lifting loads upto tones. The system consists of two sets of chains, namely the hand and load chain. The hand chains are particularly useful for the isolated location , where an electric motor or other types of mechanical equipments are not available. The pull applied through the hand chain is transmitted to the load chain with a multiplication factor of over 20. The load to be lifted is held by a load hook while another hook(called support hook) at the top, support the mechanism. CHAIN HOISTS

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7. A pulley is a wheel on an axle or shaft that is designed to support movement and change of direction of a cable or belt along its circumference. Pulleys are used in a variety of ways to lift loads, apply forces, and to transmit power. In nautical contexts, the assembly of wheel, axle, and supporting shell is referred to as a "block.“ A pulley may also be called a sheave or drum and may have a groove between two flanges around its circumference. The drive element of a pulley system can be a rope, cable, belt, or chain that runs over the pulley inside the GROOVE The pulley and sheave blocks suitable for lifting rough surface and heavy loads. For this purpose the chains and wire ropes are used. PULLEY AND SHEAVE BLOCK

8. A CRANE IS A TYPE OF MACHINE, GENERALLY EQUIPPED WITH A HOIST ROPE OR CHAIN, AND SHEAVES, THAT CAN BE USED BOTH TO LIFT AND LOWER THE MATERIALS AND TO MOVE THEM HORIZONTALLY. IT IS MAINLY USED FOR LIFTING HEAVY THINGS AND TRANSPORTING THEM TO OTHER PLACES. CRANES

9. MOBILE CRANE TRUCK MOUNTED CRANE TOWER CRANE WHIRLER CRANE OVERHEAD CRANE LOADER CRANE DERRICK CRANE TYPES OF CRANES

10. A MOBILE CRANE IS A CABLE-CONTROLLED CRANE MOUNTED ON CRAWLERS OR RIBBED-TIRED CARRIES OR A HYDRAULIC-POWERED CRANE WITH A TELESCOPIC BOOM MOUNTED ON TRUCK-TYPE CARRIERS OR AS SELF-PROPELLED MODELS MOBILE CRANE

11. TRUCK-MOUNTED CRANE IS A SELF-PROPELLED LOADING-UNLOADING MACHINE MOUNTED ON A TRUCK BODY,WITH A WORKING SECTION CONSISTING OF A ROTATING CANTILEVERED BOOM. THESE CRANES ARE SUPPORTED (OUTRIGGERS) WHILE LIFTING CARGO, IN ORDER TO INCREASE THEIR STABILITY. TRUCK MOUNTED CRANE

12. These are the crane of swing job type an are mounted on high steel towers. The height of tower maybe 25 to 30 m and these cranes are found to be suitable in the construction of tall buildings in congested areas. The ground area required for such cranes is very small. TOWER CRANE

13. This crane is a combination of stationary and mobile unit. This combines the advantages of log boom of derrick crane and mobility of the mobile crane. The rotating structure has an outer Framework. The boom is attached to the front end of this framework. The counter weight is provided at the rear end. On the diagonally opposite corners of the base, two separate motors are provided, which give movement to the central shaft. WHIRLER CRANES

14. AN OVERHEAD CRANE, COMMONLY CALLED A BRIDGE CRANE, IS A TYPE OF CRANE FOUND IN INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS. AN OVERHEAD CRANE CONSISTS OF PARALLEL RUNWAYS WITH A TRAVELLING BRIDGE SPANNING THE GAP. A HOIST, THE LIFTING COMPONENT OF A CRANE, TRAVLES ALONG A BRIDGE. OVERHEAD CRANE

15. A LOADER CRANE (ALSO KNOWN AS A KNUCKLE BOOM CRANE OR ARTICULATING CRANE) IS AN ELECTRICALLY POWERED ARTICULATED ARM FITTED TO A TRUCK AND IS USED FOR LOADING/UNLOADINGTHE VEHICLE CARGO. THE NUMBERS JOINTED SECTIONS CAN BE FOLDED INTO A SMALL SPACE WHEN THE CRANE IS NOT IN USE. UNLIKE MOST CRANES, THE OPERATER MUST MOVE AROUND THE VEHICLE TO BE ABLE TO VIEW HIS LOAD,HENCE MODERN CRANES MAY BE FITTED WITH A PORTABLE CABLED-LINKED CONTROL SYSTEM TO SUPPLEMENT THE CRANE-MOUNTED HYDRAULIC CONTROL LEVERS. LOADER CRANE

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17. The derrick cranes are of two types, namely: Guy derrick and Stiff leg derrick The guy derrick consists of a vertical mast . This mast is supported by the number of guys and can revolve through .ْ 360 While revolving, the radius of revolution should be such that the revolving structure is not obstructed by the guy wires. This derrick can be constructed upto 200 tonnes capacity . In stiff leg type derricks, the guy wires are replaced by trussed structure. This type of derricks are suitable for loads from 10 to 50 tonnes by a diesel engine or by an electric motor. DERRICK CRANES

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19. A winch is a mechanism in the shape of a cylinder or drum, over which rope or chain is wound. If a winch is used only for raising and lowering, it is sometimes referred to as hoist. The winches are of two types :- hand winches power winches WINCHES

20. A HAND WINCH OR MANUAL WINCH IS A PULLING OR LIFTING DEVICE WITH A ROPE, STRAO, CABLE, OR CHAIN WOUND AROUND A ROTATING DRUM THAT IS OPERATED BY A HAND CRANE.HAND WINCHES ARE MORE OFTEN RATCHET DEVICES OR USE SPUR OR WORM GEARS TO OPERATE THE DRUM. HAND WINCHES

21. A POWER WINCH IS A PULLING OR LIFTING DEVICE WITH A CABLE WOUND AROUND A ROTATING DRUM, AND OPERATED BY A MOTOR OR OTHER POWER SOURCE.PULLING WINCHES MOVE LOADS HORIZONTALLY. POWER WINCHES

22. Disadvantage of chain hoist is slow lift in pace and limited places. Hydraulic engine hoist can take a lot of space in garage. Electric hoist are not good with heavier loads. electric hoist is that they need a special place to be installed. electric hoist will be static and cannot be moved around (without special installations), so you will always have to place a reparable car in the same place. Electric hoist needs to be placed above the ground. This usually means mounting it to ceiling or building a special scaffolding to install an electric hoist. Another disadvantage of electric hoist is that it needs an electric power source in order to work. Hydraulic or chain engine hoists need to be operated manually, while electric hoist has got an electrical motor that works with an electrical power DISADVANTAGES OF HOISTING EQUIPMENTS

23. The lifting of load is also very slow in chain hoist. This lifting process in chain hoist is slower than electric hoists or hydraulic hoists. The cranes used as hoisting equipments are expensive. electric hoist is fast and convenient tool to use for lifting moderately heavy loads, but becomes much more expensive, if you need to lift loads heavier than 225 kg (500 lb). DISADVANTAGES

24. TRANSPORTING EQUIPMENT IS USED TO MOVE THE MATERIAL FROM ONE LOCATION TO ANOTHER ( eg . BETWEEN WORKPLACES, BETWEEN A LOADING DOCK, AND A STORAGE AREA etc.) WITHIN A FACILITY OR AT A SITE. TYPES :- BELT CONVEYORS ROPEWAYS TRUCKS WAGONS TRANSPORTING EQUIPMENTS

25. A BELT CONVEYOR SYSYTEM CONSISTS OF TWO OR MORE PULLEYS, WITH AN ENDLESS LOOP OF CARRYING MEDIUM-THE CONVEYOR BELT THAT ROTATES ABOUT THEM. ONE OR BOTH OF THE PULLEYS ARE POWERED, MOVING THE BELT OR THE MATERIAL ON THE BELT FORWARD THE POWERED PULLEY IS CALLED THE DRIVE PULLEY WHILE THE UNPOWERED PULLEY IS CALLED IDLER PULLEY. BELT CONVEYORS

26. Conveyor belts are widely used in mineral industry. Undergo mine transport, open cast mine transport. Longer distances can be covered more economically than any other transportation system. Minimum labour is required for the operation and maintenance of belt conveyor system. Many other functions can be performed with basic conveying like weighing, sorting, picking, sampling, bending. A pplications Of Belt Conveyors

27. The angular velocity ratio is not necessarily constant or equal to the ratio of pulley diameters, because of belt slip and stretch. Heat buildup occurs. Speed is limited to usually 7000 feet per minutes(35 meters per seconds). Power transmission is limited to 370 killowatts . Some adjustment of centre distance or use of an idler pulley is necessary for wear and stretch compensation. A mean of disassembly must be provided to install endless belts. Disadvantages of Belt Conveyors

28. A truck or lorry is a motor vehicle designed to transport cargo. Trucks have high mobility and can haul various types of material. Trucks vary greatly in size, power, and configuration. TRUCKS

29. Dump trucks are open vehicles which are capable of carrying and dumping earth. It is also used to dump aggregates and other loose material to construction sites. Dump trucks are in many sizes with pay loads ranging upto more then 300 tonnes are available. This may have 2 or 3 axle. Dump trucks are of 2 types i ) On Highway Dump trucks Ii ) Off Highway Dump trucks DUMP TRUCKS

30. ON HIGH-WAY DUMP TRUCKS These on highway dump trucks are generally classified by the volumetric or tonnage payload capacity. Generally Dump trucks of capacities ranging between 3-25 cu.m are commonly used with speed upto 80 kmph . Body of dump trucks is heavy duty type. In on highway dump trucks a tailgate is provided at rear.

31. Off highway Dump trucks do not have tail-gate. The body is of high tensile steel . Top speed of highway dump trucks is 30-40 kmph . Main types of Highway Dump Trucks are : • Rear Dump trucks • Bottom Dump trucks • Side Dump trucks OFF HIGH-WAY DUMP TRUCKS

32. For transportation of rocks and other heavy materials under adverse road conditions, the rear dump trucks are most suitable. REAR DUMP TRUCKS

33. These trucks are suitable for long hauls of easy flowing materials like sand, gravels, dry earth. BOTTOM DUMP TRUCKS

34. These Dump trucks are most suitable when dumping is required to be done in along narrow length or on one or both sides of road. These require very less time to dump it’s material. SIDE DUMP TRUCKS

35. A TRANSPORT SYSTEM FOR MATERIALS OR PEOPLE, USED ESPECIALLY IN MINES OR MOUNTAINOUS AREAS, IN WHICH CARRIERS ARE SUSPENDED FROM MOVING CABLES POWERED BY A MOTOR. IT IS A VERY USEFUL METHOD OF TRANSPORTATION FOR VERY SHORT DISTANCE. IT COMPRISES A JACKSTAY, SLUNG BETWEEN TWO SHEERS OR GYUNS, ONE AT EITHER END, FROM WHICH IS SUSPENDED A BLOCKAND TACKLE, THAT IS FREE TO TRAVEL ALONG THE ROPE AND HAULED BACK AND FORTH BY INHAULS. ROPEWAYS

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37. IT IS AN EFFICIENT WAY IN HILLS CROSSING ONE END TO ANOTHER. IT IS A POLLUTION FREE. IT IS A SOLVE TRAFFIC PROBLEM IN CRITICEL PLACES. IT IS VERY GOOD SOURCE IN URBAN TRANSPORTATION. HELPS IN TRANSPORTATION OF BULKY MATERIALS. ADVANTAGES OF ROPEWAYS

38. HIGH INITIAL INVESTMENT. LIMITATION AS THE SIZE AND QUANTITY OF HAUL. LIMITED LOAD CARRYING CAPACITY. DISADVANTAGES OF ROPEWAYS

39. A vehicle used for transporting goods or for another specified purpose. It is of various kinds OF commercial vehicle for the transport of heavy loads, delivery, etc. and designed to be pulled or sometimes having its own motor . They are also called carts, pulleys , etc . It is sometimes cheaper to transport materials over a short distance with the help of a hand cart. WAGONS

40. USED FOR TRANSPORTING GOODS. USED FOR TRANSPORTING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. USED FOR TRANSPORTING SUPPLIES AND SOMETIMES PEOPLES. IMPORTANTS OF WAGONS

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42. SUMBITTED BY:- CHARANJIV SINGH (1714033) ANIMESH DHARA (1714013) ARYAN SHARMA (1714026) CLASS:- D2CE-A THE END THANK YOU