എങ്ങനെ എങ്ങനെ എങ്ങനെ how how how (2).pptx

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1. എങ്ങനെ ? എങ്ങനെ ? എങ്ങനെ ?

2. What is Science ? Science Truth Reason Rationality Intelligence Physics Chemistry Biology Method Evidence Curiosity Awe

3. നിങ്ങ ൾ ടി വി കണ്ടുകൊണ്ടിരിക്കുന്നതിനിടയി ൽ പെട്ടെന്ന് നിങ്ങളുടെ ടി വി യുടെ സ്ക്രീ ൻ ഇരുണ്ടു പോകുകയും ഒന്നും കാണാ ൻ കഴിയാത്ത സാഹചര്യം ഉണ്ടാവുകയും ചെയ്തു എന്ന് കരുതുക . എങ്കി ൽ നിങ്ങ ൾ എങ്ങനെ പ്രതികരിക്കും ?

4. നിങ്ങ ൾ ടി വി കണ്ടുകൊണ്ടിരിക്കുന്നതിനിടയി ൽ പെട്ടെന്ന് നിങ്ങളുടെ ടി വി യുടെ സ്ക്രീ ൻ ഇരുണ്ടു പോകുകയും ഒന്നും കാണാ ൻ കഴിയാത്ത സാഹചര്യം ഉണ്ടാവുകയും ചെയ്തു എന്ന് കരുതുക . എങ്കി ൽ നിങ്ങ ൾ എങ്ങനെ പ്രതികരിക്കും ?

5. Summary

6. Science and Philosophy

7. Logic vs Science The wet road Logic based on experience The lack of experiment The value of freedom The meaning of Beauty Philosophy answers these questions

8. Points to Remember Logic is essential to do science and is at the core of its method All scientific statements are logical but all logical statements may not be scientific Science is not the only way to acquire knowledge, philosophy is a legitimate source of knowledge We can reach valid logical conclusions without ever employing the scientific method. Philosophy is definitely not dead

9. Objective vs Subjective Reality

10. Material World The unique material reality which is objective – namely independent of the observer – and which is accessible via our senses or their extensions Nothing other than the material world can be probed by our senses or their extensions: Limit of enquiry Nullius in Verba The wet road

11. Points to Remember Science can only deal with objective material reality This reality has to be independent of observer We access this unique reality via our experimental probes Science cannot deal with subjects or questions that do not lend themselves to experimental tests

12. First Principles

13. Foundation Laws The law of Identity : An object is same as itself The law of non-contradiction: One cannot say of something that it is and that it is not in the same respect and at the same time The law of excluded middle: For any proposition, either that proposition is true or its negation is true The law of cause and effect: For an event to occur at a given time, there must be another event that has caused it.

14. Points to Remember We use foundational laws of logic to think and do science The application of law of causality is different in philosophy and science Philosophical vacuum vs physical vacuum Scientific cause of an effect is related to both our ability to measure a phenomenon and the level of description we decide to use (based on capability of our instruments)

15. Natural Phenomenon & Experiments

16. Primacy of Experiments Experiments: Stating point and end goal of natural sciences Limited subset of reality Distance measurement and error limits Precision vs accuracy Technology and new instruments pushing the boundary

17. Points to Remember Our instruments can access only a limited subset of the material world at once. Our measurements always carry errors Consistent means the data from different observers agree within their respective error limits Inconsistent data needs re-evaluation

18. Observation & Experimentation