How to build Blind Stick using Arduino Nano and Ultrasonic sensor

Learn how to build a smart blind stick using Arduino Nano and ultrasonic sensors to help visually impaired individuals detect obstacles and navigate safely.
Read more:
https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroller-projects/how-to-build-a-smart-blind-stick-using-arduino-nano-and-ultrasonic-sensor

1. An Easy Approach to Help Visually
Impaired People to Navigate Safely
Author
Yogeshwaran

2. Applications of the
Smart Blind Stick
Enhancing mobility for
the visually impaired.
Real-time obstacle
detection and alerts.
Adaptable for partial
vision loss.
Empowering safer
navigation for the blind.

3. Components &
Circuit Design
Arduino Nano: The brain of
the blind stick.
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
5V Active Buzze
LED Light
Resistor, Switch, Wires
Power Supply: 9V battery
for portability.
Once these components are
gathered, the next step is
wiring them together following
the circuit diagram.

4. Assembly & Working
Components mounted on PVC pipe, along
with ultrasonic sensor at front for optimal
detection.
Arduino Nano processes sensor data,
triggering buzzer and LED when objects are
detected.
Code functions include measureDistance()
for distance calculation, and tasks like
task_triggerBuzzer() and task_triggerLed() to
manage alerts.
More detailed code explanation is given in
the tutorial
{Distance = (Time taken by the signal to Hit
and bounce back / 2) / 29.1}

5. How Does It Work?
The ultrasonic sensor emits
waves that bounce off objects
and return to the sensor.
The Arduino processes the time
it takes for the waves to return
and calculates the distance to
the object.
Buzzer: Emits a beep, increasing
as the obstacle gets closer.
LED: Flashes faster as the object
nears.
Distance Calculation: The program
calculates distance using the time
taken for sound waves to return.

6. For a more in-depth tutorial,
check out this article:
https://circuitdigest.com/microcontroll
er-projects/how-to-build-a-smart-blind-
stick-using-arduino-nano-and-
ultrasonic-sensor
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