How to write summary and conclusions in a.pptx

How to write summary and conclusion

1. Stimulation to ward editing research report

2. The process of research

3. Why research report fails? Poorly defined research questions or hypotheses: Lack of clarity in the research objectives can lead to unfocused or ambiguous findings. I nadequate literature review: Failure to review existing literature thoroughly can result in a lack of context for the study and may overlook relevant research. Methodological flaws: Errors in research design, sampling, data collection, or analysis can compromise the validity and reliability of the findings. Bi ased interpretation: Researchers may unintentionally interpret results in a way that aligns with their preconceived notions or biases, leading to skewed conclusions. I ncomplete reporting: Omitting essential details about the research methodology, data analysis, or limitations can hinder readers' ability to evaluate the study's validity and applicability. Poorly written report in terms of coherence, grammar, and other language related issues.

4. How to write summary and conclusions in a study

5. What is summary of a finding? The summary of major findings in a research study is a concise synthesis of the key results that have been uncovered during the research process. This section outlines the principal discoveries and provides a snapshot of the data analysis outcomes without looking into interpretations or implications. It's a straightforward presentation of the factual results.

6. Characteristics of a Summary of Major Findings: Concise: It presents findings in a brief and straightforward manner. Data-focused: Emphasizes the raw results and significant data points. Neutral: Avoids interpretation, discussion, or implication of results. Organized: Structured in a clear and logical order, often following the sequence of the research questions or objectives.

7. Conclusions The conclusion of a study goes beyond merely summarizing the findings. It involves interpreting the results, discussing their implications, and relating them back to the research questions or hypotheses. This section synthesizes the findings to provide a cohesive understanding of what the results mean in the context of the broader research topic.

8. Characteristics of a conclusion Interpretative: Analyzes and interprets the findings. Implications: Discusses the broader implications of the results. Contextual: Relates findings back to the original research questions or hypotheses. Recommendations: May offer recommendations for future research, policy, or practice based on the findings. Reflective: Reflects on the significance and limitations of the study. NB: The conclusion is more shorter and more general. it concisely answers your main research question and makes recommendations based on your overall findings.

9. Characteristics of a conclusion… It’s not appropriate to present new arguments or evidence in the conclusion. While you might be tempted to save a striking argument for last, research writings follow a more formal structure than this. All your findings and arguments should be presented in the body of the text (more specifically in the results and discussion sections if you are following a scientific structure). The conclusion is meant to summarize and reflect on the evidence and arguments you have already presented, not introduce new ones.

10. Comparison and Contrast of summary and conclusions Purpose: Summary of Major Findings: To present the key results in a clear and concise manner. Conclusion: To interpret the results, discuss their implications, and provide a final synthesis of the study. Content: Summary of Major Findings: Focuses on the raw data and results. Conclusion: Focuses on the interpretation, implications, and broader significance of the findings. Tone: Summary of Major Findings: Neutral and factual. Conclusion: Analytical and reflective. Structure: Summary of Major Findings: Often organized in the same sequence as the research questions or hypotheses. Conclusion: Structured to provide a logical synthesis and interpretation of the entire study.

11. Example using a study on property crime Summary of Major Findings: The study found a significant increase in property crime rates in urban areas compared to rural areas. Temporal analysis revealed that property crime rates peak during the holiday season. Socioeconomic analysis indicated that higher unemployment rates are associated with higher property crime rates. Survey data showed that residents in high-crime areas perceive their neighborhoods as unsafe.

12. Example: Conclusion: The increase in property crime rates in urban areas suggests a need for targeted law enforcement strategies in these regions. The peak in property crime rates during the holiday season highlights the importance of increased security measures during this period. The association between unemployment rates and property crime underscores the need for economic policies aimed at reducing unemployment to mitigate crime rates. Residents' perceptions of safety align with actual crime data, indicating that community safety programs should focus on high-crime areas to improve residents' sense of security. Further research is recommended to explore the effectiveness of these interventions.

13. Example: H ow gesture can enhance children's learning of math Major Findings The gesturing condition showed higher math scores than the partial gesture condition, which was higher than the no gesture condition. This indicates that gesturing aided the children in remembering the math task by using their body to perform it. However, the lesson only used the speech "This side is equal to the other side" and was highly dependent on the gestures, which could be questionable. It's unclear if gesture would have the same effect with more verbal instruction.

14. Example Conclusions This study provides evidence that gesturing can improve children's learning of math concepts like addition. However, more research is needed on the optimal balance of gesture and verbal instruction. The findings suggest that incorporating gestures into math lessons may be a useful strategy for enhancing children's understanding and retention of math skills.