hydrogen fuel cell presentation .ppt

hydrogen fuel cell

1. R.M.K. ENGINEERING COLLEGE
ME 8712 -TECHNICAL SEMINAR
Name : Hari Krishnan C
Reg. No. : 111717114040
Class & Sec : IV-Year Mechanical -“A”
Batch : 2017 -2021
Topic : Hydrogen Fuel Cells

2. Hydrogen Fuel Cells
“An old idea whose time has come”
◼Fuel cells invented in 1838 by Swiss scientist
Christian Friedrich Schönbein
Aspects of engines as well as batteries
No pollution emitted
PEM FCs ideal for light-duty vehicles,
buildings & much smaller applications

3. Hydrogen Fuel Cells
Fuel cells are similar to
batteries, but designed
for continuous
replenishment of energy
via external fuel
Many different types of
fuel cells, most common
will likely be the PEM FC
Hydrogen and oxygen in,
water vapor and liquid
water out
Typical output is about .8
volts

4. Storage & Efficiency
Two storage options
1.Produce the hydrogen on the ground and then store
it onboard the vehicle (the direct hydrogen option)
2.Produce the hydrogen on the vehicle by means of a
tiny onboard hydrogen plant (the onboard fuel
processor option)
Hydrogen FC’s 2 times as efficient as internal
combustion
◼Internal combustion efficiency –15-25%
◼Hydrogen FC’s –50-60%
Estimates that FC Vehicles can achieve
equivalent of 80 miles/gallon gasoline.

5. Fuel Cell Stacks
In order to produce
enough voltage, cells are
grouped into stacks
A hydrogen fuel cell
automobile would have at
least 45 cells in a stack
Hydrogen is stored and
injected in either liquid or
gas form
Many cells, but only
output is still liquid and
vapor water

6. Applications of Fuel Cell
Technology
Cars
Buses
Space Travel & Exploration
Airplanes
Submarines
Off-grid Power Supply
Combined Heat & Power

7. Fuel Cell Vehicles
Being pushed by car companies themselves
◼DaimlerChrysler –Several test cars in Japan and
Singapore; UPS vans in 2003-04 in U.S.
◼Ford –40-60 vehicles in Germany, Canada,
California; widespread production by 2010
◼GM –wants to be first company to sell 1M FCV
profitably; started with fuel cell backup systems in
2005. Prototype is Hy-wire
◼Also Honda, Nissan, Toyota, Hyundai, VW, Mazda,
others have FCV prototypes on the road
Severing connection with gas prices?

8. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle Issues
Storage is
complicated
Limited range
Expensive fuel
Still a fossil fuel?
◼Energy carrier, not
energy source
*Infrastructure*

9. Hydrogen Sources

10. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle
Infrastructure
Hydrogen Production
◼Almost all of the hydrogen produced in the U.S. today
is by steam reforming of natural gas
◼Produce hydrogen directly from new nuclear power
reactors?
◼R&D into several new methods:
Biological Water Splitting
Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Reforming of Biomass and Wastes
Solar Thermal Water Splitting
Renewable Electrolysis

11. Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle
Infrastructure
The Hydrogen Highway
◼World’s first hydrogen
refueling station opened
in Iceland in 2003
◼California & Florida have
both approved funding
◼BC Hydrogen Highway
will link Vancouver &
Whistler by start of 2010
Winter Olympic Games

12. Economics
Current projections –several times the
price of standard cars
Flexibility of oil industry
◼Manipulation of supply to keep oil just cheap
enough
◼At what point does it become worthwhile to
consumers?
Cost of gas + environmental costs + dependency
costs (political, militarily, social) > Cost of fuel cell
cars + hydrogen fuel???

13. Economics
Only 2 ways to reduce
our dependence on
foreign oil
◼Increase production
◼Decrease demand
The push for hydrogen
fuel cell technology in
cars represents the
second

14. THANK YOU