IC 555 TIMER Introduction, Modes & Application.pptx

Pin 1. – Ground, The ground pin connects the 555 timer to the negative (0v) supply rail.
• Pin 2. – Trigger, The negative input to comparator No 1. A negative pulse on this pin “sets” the internal Flip-flop when the voltage drops below 1/3Vcc causing the output to switch from a “LOW” to a “HIGH” state.
• Pin 3. – Output, The output pin can drive any TTL circuit and is capable of sourcing or sinking up to 200mA of current at an output voltage equal to approximately Vcc – 1.5V so small speakers, LEDs or motors can be connected directly to the output.
• Pin 4. – Reset, This pin is used to “reset” the internal Flip-flop controlling the state of the output, pin 3. This is an active-low input and is generally connected to a logic “1” level when not used to prevent any unwanted resetting of the output.
• Pin 5. – Control Voltage, This pin controls the timing of the 555 by overriding the 2/3Vcc level of the voltage divider network. By applying a voltage to this pin the width of the output signal can be varied independently of the RC timing network. When not used it is connected to ground via a 10nF capacitor to eliminate any noise.
• Pin 6. – Threshold, The positive input to comparator No 2. This pin is used to reset the Flip-flop when the voltage applied to it exceeds 2/3Vcc causing the output to switch from “HIGH” to “LOW” state. This pin connects directly to the RC timing circuit.
• Pin 7. – Discharge, The discharge pin is connected directly to the Collector of an internal NPN transistor which is used to “discharge” the timing capacitor to ground when the output at pin 3 switches “LOW”.
• Pin 8. – Supply +Vcc, This is the power supply pin and for general purpose TTL 555 timers is between 4.5V and 15V.

1. IC 555 TIMER By – Anindya Pal, Sandeep Kr Bhanja , Department of Physics Subject – Electronic Lab (PH2151) Year - 2024

2. CONTENTS Introduction Diagram Working Principal  Different Modes Applications IC 555 IC 55 PIN Diagram

3. INTRODUCTION IC 555 was designed in 1971 by Hans R. . The 555 timer is one of the most remarkable integrated circuits ever developed. It’s used for different varieties of timer , Pulse generator , Oscillator. Common part numbers are LM555, NE556, LM556, NE556. The 555 timer consists of two voltage comparators, a bi-stable flip-flop, a discharge transistor & a resistor divider network NE555 and SE555 are used at a commercial range of C & C  

4. PIN & Circuit Diagram PIN1-GROUND PIN2-TRIGGER PIN3-OUTPUT PIN4-RESET PIN5-CONTROL PIN6-THRESHOLD PIN7-DISCHARGE PIN8-SUPPLY   IC555 circuit diagram IC555 PIN diagram

5. • Pin 1. –   Ground , The ground pin connects the 555 timer to the negative (0v) supply rail. • Pin 2. –   Trigger , The negative input to comparator No 1. A negative pulse on this pin “sets” the internal    Flip-flop when the voltage drops below 1/3Vcc causing the output to switch from a “LOW” to a “HIGH” state. • Pin 3. –   Output , The output pin can drive any TTL circuit and is capable of sourcing or sinking up to 200mA of current at an output voltage equal to approximately Vcc – 1.5V so small speakers, LEDs or motors can be connected directly to the output. • Pin 4. –   Reset , This pin is used to “reset” the internal Flip-flop controlling the state of the output, pin 3. This is an active-low input and is generally connected to a logic “1” level when not used to prevent any unwanted resetting of the output. • Pin 5. –   Control Voltage , This pin controls the timing of the 555 by overriding the 2/3Vcc level of the voltage divider network. By applying a voltage to this pin the width of the output signal can be varied independently of the RC timing network. When not used it is connected to ground via a 10nF capacitor to eliminate any noise. • Pin 6. –   Threshold , The positive input to comparator No 2. This pin is used to reset the Flip-flop when the voltage applied to it exceeds 2/3Vcc causing the output to switch from “HIGH” to “LOW” state. This pin connects directly to the RC timing circuit. • Pin 7. –   Discharge , The discharge pin is connected directly to the Collector of an internal NPN transistor which is used to “discharge” the timing capacitor to ground when the output at pin 3 switches “LOW”. • Pin 8. –   Supply + Vcc , This is the power supply pin and for general purpose TTL 555 timers is between 4.5V and 15V.

6. Different Modes Monostable Multivibrator Astable Multivibrator Bistable Multivibrator IC555 Has three operating Modes :

7. MONOSTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR A monostable multivibrator using a 555 timer is a circuit that generates a single output pulse of a defined duration in response to an input trigger. This configuration of the 555 timer is also known as a one-shot multivibrator because it returns to its stable state after a single pulse. The duration of the output pulse is determined by an RC (resistor-capacitor) network connected to the timer. Pulse width

8. ASTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR Astable multivibrator is also called as Free Running Multivibrator. It has no stable states and continuously switches between the two states without application of any external trigger. The IC 555 can be made to work as an astable multivibrator with the addition of three external components: two resistors (R 1  and R 2 ) and a capacitor (C). The schematic of the IC 555 as an astable multivibrator along with the three external components is shown below.

9. BISTABLE MULTIVIBRATOR When an astable multivibrator has no stable states and a monostable multivibrator has a single stable state, a device with two absolute stable states is possible. A Bistable multivibrator is a type of circuit which has two stable states (high and low). It stays in the same state until and unless an external trigger input is applied. Generally, a bistable multivibrator stays low until a trigger signal is applied and it stays high until a reset signal is applied. Bistable multi vibrators are also called as flip-flops or latches. The term flip-flop is used because it ‘flips’ to one state and stays there until a trigger is applied and once the trigger is applied it ‘flops’ back to the original state.

10. APPLICATIONS Monostable Multivibrator FREQUENCY DIVIDER PULSE STRETCHER PULSE GENERATOR Astable Multivibrator SQUARE WAVE OSCILLATOR FREE RUNNING RAM GENERATOR Bistable Multivibrator FLIP-FLOP MEMORY CELL

11. REFERENCES (Hyperlinked) :  [1] Hans Camenzind [2] Monostable Multivibrator [3] Astable Multivibrator [4] Bistable multivibrator

12. THANK YOU