identify fashion design processes for level student.pptx

one of the way to make good design it must be identify design process

1. Fashion Design Mezgebu Tesfaye December , 2024 For-Level-II Course name; Identify Design process for fashion designs

2. Preparation of workstation UNIT - ONE… UNIT - TWO… Design process UNIT - THREE..… Elements and principles of design . UNIT - FOUR..… Characteristics of color and prepare color chart COURSE CONTENT

3. Occupational Health and Safety requirements in fashion industry

4. Occupational Health and Safety requirements Definition: Occupational safety and health (OSH) is a cross disciplinary area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. History: OSH has been signed into law on December 29, 1970 by Richard M. Nixon (USA). Called “ The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 – 29 USC 653 ” Mission: To save lives , To prevent injuries and To protect industrial workers Basics of OSH

5. Occupational Health and Safety requirements I. The goals of occupational safety and health programs include to adoptive a safe and healthy work environment. II. OSH may also protect co- workers, family members, employers, customers and many others who might be affected by the workplace environment III. Quality and environment matters are given equal priority to other major business objectives. To ensure that all employees and workers are inducted and aware of the health and safety practices. To achieve Zero Notice of Prohibition for OSH Issues To strive toward Zero life loss at work places Implement, develop and continue improve in OHSAS 18001 Standard OSH Requirements Objectives

6. Occupational Health and Safety requirements Why OHS is essential in apparel manufacturing? 1. Because of the three basic types of interaction in the apparel manufacturing working environment including: Man and physical, chemical and biological agents; Man and Machine & Man and Man: A multi- dimensional workers health related risk factors associated with the apparel industry are mostly occurred because of highly repetitive work.

7. Occupational Health and Safety requirements Why OHS is essential in apparel manufacturing? 2 . In order to be well competent in global market, It is not only the quality parameters which are important towards acceptance of the product as per the intended end use , but also the working environment in which the garments are to be produced, is equally important for the entire product acceptance .

8. What does mean fashion In the context of the apparel industry, "fashion" refers to the prevailing styles, trends, and designs in clothing and accessories that are popular at a specific time. It encompasses a wide range of elements, including: Trends : Current styles that are in vogue, often influenced by cultural, social, and economic factors. Design : The aesthetic aspects of clothing, including color, fabric, silhouette, and detailing that define a particular collection or season. Branding : The identity of fashion brands, which include their ethos, target audience, and marketing strategies. Consumer Behavior : How consumers respond to and adopt various styles, influenced by factors such as celebrity endorsements, social media, and cultural movements. Sustainability : An increasingly important aspect of fashion, focusing on ethical production practices, eco-friendly materials, and responsible consumption. Fashion Cycles : The recurring patterns of trends over time, including periods of innovation, peak interest, and decline. Fashion in the apparel industry is dynamic and constantly evolving, reflecting broader societal changes and individual expression

9. Classification of hazards occurred in the apparel industry SAFETY HAZARDS (slips, trips and falls, faulty equipment, etc.) BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS (mold, insects/pests, communicable diseases, etc.) (ILO,2001) has categorized OSH hazards under five specific categories. CHEMICAL & DUST HAZARDS (cleaning products, pesticides, asbestos, etc.) ERGONOMIC HAZARDS (repetition, lifting, awkward postures, etc.) Workplace hazards PHYSICAL HAZARDS (noise, temperature extremes, radiation, etc.)

10. Ergonomics Hazards In the apparel industry

11. Ergonomics Hazards In the apparel industry Cutting Department : The heavy wight fabric rolls are manually transported from table to table by lifting the roll. The people doing this operation tend to complain about MSD’s to muscle and back.: Cutting without safety support (chain glove) will resulted for hand injury

12. Employees push fabric through the sewing machine, which may require extending arms bending at the wrist, and applying force. When setting up material for stitching, workers may have to flex or bend their necks to view the position of the fabric. Ergonomics Hazards In the apparel industry Sewing Department

13. Workplace design considerations

14. 1. Standard Operating Procedures SOP is a written step by step guidelines or as a form of flow diagram with proper explanation. SOP is one type of manual which provides guidelines for operating procedure or working procedure. The SOP should be put in a working place where it will be easily visible. The SOP should be printed form with proper lamination on it to avoid damage .

15. Ventilation considerations Ventilation is an effective engineering means to prevent accumulation of vapors of explosive/flammable mixtures or inhalation of toxic gases or vapors in the workplace. However, attention must be paid to the relevant environmental protection requirements in the discharge of exhaust air to prevent contamination of the outside environment

16. Lighting considerations

17. Ergonomics considerations Ergonomic concept Ergonomics components Ergonomics Physical ergonomics Cognitive ergonomics Organizationa l ergonomics

18. Principles Of Ergonomics Maintain the ‘S’ curve

19. Principles Of Ergonomics Keep everything in easy reach

20. Principles Of Ergonomics Work at proper heights

21. Principles Of Ergonomics Reduce excessive force

22. Principles Of Ergonomics Minimize static and fatigue load Change to:

23. Principles Of Ergonomics Minimize pressure points

24. Principles of Ergonomics Reduce excessive motion Provide clearance

25. Principles Of Ergonomics Move, stretch and exercise

26. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) The primary objective of using PPE is to protect workers against the risks of hazardous phenomena affecting the body through inhalation or contact. Protective Clothing: Protective clothing provides skin protection against chemical splashes, vapor and particulate exposures and other physical hazards Hand and foot protection : Impervious gloves protect the hands of the worker from contacting hazardous chemicals and machines

27. Eye protection: Safety goggles that completely enclose the eyes provides superior eye protection. Respiratory protective equipment (RPE): protects against exposure to dusts, gases, fumes and vapors, but exposure duration should be kept short. Monitoring and health surveillance : Monitoring is a means to ensure the effectiveness of the control measures through measuring the levels of the contaminants in the air at strategic locations in the workplace or at the breathing zone of the workers concerned. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

28. Briefly discuss about fashion sketching tools and equipment with image description. Prepare word document precise and well organized (no more than 7 page) and presentation power point Assignment (10%)

29. Next class

30. Tools and equipment Drawing Paper Drawing paper is specially made for drawing on. From making artistic drawings to heavy structural drawings, drawing paper is vital. Not for making hand drawings only but also to print a hard copy of digital drawings; drawing paper is needed. Different types of drawings require different types of drawing papers. Figure 1: Drawing Paper

31. Different Sizes of Drawing Paper   Paper size Dimensions (cm) Paper Area Α5 14.8 x 21 cm 0.03108  m2 Α4 21 x 29.7 cm 0.0612  m 2 Α3 29.7 x 42 cm 0.125 m 2 Α2 42 x 59.4 cm 0.25 m 2 Α1 59.4 x 84.1 cm 0.50  m 2 Α0 84.1 x 118.9 cm 1 m 2

32. Masking tape /scotch This tape sticks the drawing paper on the drawing board. This tape is soft and doesn’t harm the drawing paper and table if appropriately handled. Figure 2: Masking Tape/Scotch

33. Drawing pencil Drawing pencil is an essential tool in drawing as it is used for making drawings on paper.  For drafting, graphite pencil is commonly used. The grade of a pencil depends on the type of work. Hard Pencils are used where extreme accuracy is required especially working on graphs, diagrams and charts. E.g., 2H pencil, 4H pencil, 6H pencil, etc. Medium Pencils are used for general purpose work in drawing. E.g., HB Pencil Soft Pencils are too soft to be used in mechanical drafting. They are beneficial for the artwork of various kinds. E.g ., 2B Pencil, 4B Pencil, 6B Pencil , etc. Figure 3: Drawing Pencil

34. Colored Pencils The quality of the brand of colored pencil that you use greatly affects the results that you will see in your drawing. Figure 4: Color Pencil

35. Charcoal or conte There are more options to black and white drawing other than drawing with graphite. No artist’s toolkit would be complete without charcoal or conté . Charcoal provides a broader range of value and mark-making than what’s possible with graphite. The manner in which marks are made is different as well. Charcoal comes in both stick and pencil form.   Sticks of charcoal are usually either “vine” or “compressed”.   Vine charcoal is softer and produces lighter marks, while compressed charcoal – which is concentrated, produces darker marks. Charcoal pencils can be sharpened like graphite pencils, making them great for details. Figure 5: charcoal/Conte

36. Chalk, Chalk Pastels, Oil Pastels Chalk, Chalk Pastels, Oil Pastels are a form of chalk that has been compressed with oil. All chalks and oil pastels come in a wide range of colors. A variety of soft, blended effects can be obtained by layering several colors and using brushes, cloth or paper to blend. Figure 6: chalks,Chalk Pastels

37. Pencil sharpener A pencil Sharpener is a mechanical gadget used for sharpening pencils Figure 7: Pencil Sharpeners

38. Triangular scale A tool generally used when reproducing a drawing in an enlarged or reduced form to some regular proportion. Its primary function is to reproduce the measurements of an object in full size, reduced size, and enlarged size. Figure 8: Triangular Scales T -square T-square is a drawing instrument used when making horizontal lines. It is also used for guiding triangles when drawing vertical lines and perpendicular lines with the help of a set square. It is made of wood, plastic, or a combination. Figure 9:T-Square

39. Triangle scale It is a three-sided ruler, which contains two equal sides intersecting at a 90-degree angle and the third side at 45, 30, including 60-degree angles. Commonly used triangles are: 30 degrees X 60 degrees 45 degrees X 45 degrees Figure 10: Triangle scale Drawing table The drawing table is made up of wood, plastic, or glass and has smooth surfaces where drawing paper is placed and fixed with the help of tape. Figure 11: Drawing table

40. Sketch Book A sketchbook is a blank notebook or pad of paper that artists of all types can use to work on their art. These days, some artists may choose to use a digital sketchbook instead of a traditional paper version. Either way, the sketchbook serves as a collection of blank canvases Figure 12: Sketch Book Liquid marker ( crayon)  Fashion designers prefer ultra-bendable, low odor, alcohol based inks . Figure 13: Liquid marker

41. Water color and oil color This media is used for fashion illustration Figure 14: Water and oil color Paintbrush(Artist brush) A paintbrush is a brush used to apply paint or ink . A paintbrush is usually made by clamping bristles to a handle with a ferrule. They are available in various sizes, shapes, and materials. Thicker ones are used for filling in, and thinner ones are used for details. Figure 15: Paintbrush

42. COLOR HIGHLIGHTS Highlights are usually found at the highest point of an object where it is closest to the light source. Highlights are painted by adding various amounts of white to the color of your object

43. Unit Two: Design Process The learning outcomes; Identifying steps in design process. Considering factors in design development process Identifying commercial consideration in production design. 46

44. Fashion design development process 47 Unit Two: Design Process

45. For commercial designers, working on a fashion collection involves a series of idea sketches , different themes and inspirations and various experiments of silhouettes , patterns , textures and colors . Designers surround themselves with photographs that represent different ideas , fabric swatches and anything else that will stimulate creativity . They leave their studios and pay visit to theatres, retail shops and museums to seek for inspiration. They usually carry sketchbooks to mite down ideas whenever and wherever they find them. 48 Steps in design process

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47. When one starts a collection, one should have a very clear understanding of who one is designing for. Before work is begun, it is very important to understand exactly what is required for the client or a design project. Reading a brief and carefully dissecting it can make the difference between a success and a failure. 50 Frist stage- Analyze the Design Brief

48. 3 : Inspiration The first step in any fashion design project is to gather inspiration and do research. This involves looking at current trends, exploring historical fashion, and finding inspiration in art, nature, and everyday life. Take note of the colors, textures, and shapes that catch your eye, and start to develop a vision for your project . 51

49. 52 Cont.. Texture: Add another element to your products by considering their texture. This can be brought to life by the discovery of an amazing embossed fabric. Explore further by looking at the surfaces of natural objects, such as shells or feathers, and emulate their texture through fabric manipulation. Through the incorporation of texture in your designs, you will provide visual stimulation for the consumer without the need to actually touch the object..

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52. 55 Inspiration from Architecture

53. 56 Inspiration from nature

54. 57 Inspiration from art work Inspiration from Maitre Loret Afework Tekle art work

55. 58 4 . Choosing a Concept or Theme In the brainstorming process, you will have written words and collected images which will assist you in the collation of ideas into a concept or theme. Without a concept or theme, you may find yourself struggling with the design process and find it hard to create a collection with a common thread . This can be based on the exploration of a variety of unrelated visual sources that can be united in a common thread. This could result in the development of texture, shape and colours for your collection. What types of clothes and designs that you are most drawn to, and what elements of those designs would you like to incorporate into your collection?

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58. Inspiration board 61

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60. Mood Board Mood board is a visual collage that sets the direction of colour, shape, texture and mood of the collection “A mood board is like a cover a book. it visually convey the content of the book’’ Maurizio Grioli Mood board is a visual board that shows previous works of others that is related to the selected inspiration 63

61. 64 Mood Board

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63. Mood board 66

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65. Cont.. A mood board is  a type of visual presentation or 'collage' consisting of images, text, and samples of objects in a composition . It can be based on a set topic or can be any material chosen at random. A mood board can be used to convey a general idea or feeling about a particular topic . A mood board is a visual representation of the general feeling or mood about an idea or design. It is a combination of images, texts, and videos that convey how you feel about a design. 68

66. Color Board Color is the first element in fashion to have visual impact, often before the silhouette, look or details can be assessed. Choose colors to assemble a palette is one of the first decisions when making a collection. The choice of colors will determine the mood of the collection, or its harmony with the season, and help differentiate it from its predecessor. People react intuitively, emotionally and physically to colors. Colors also reflect their chosen season such as soft pastels will suggest a summer . 69

67. 70 Color Board

68. Color board 71

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70. Fabric board 73

71. 74 Fabric board

72. Trim board 75

73. 76 Trim board

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76. 5 : Sketching and Concept Development Once you have gathered your inspiration and done your research, it's time to start sketching your ideas. Sketching allows you to develop your ideas and refine your vision. Start with rough sketches, and then refine your designs as you go. Consider the fabrics, colors, and textures that you want to use in your designs, and think about how you can incorporate them into your sketches . 79

77. Third Stage - Research Direction Trends and Fashion Forecasting Trends are affected by the continuing changes of global events, technology, economic, political, social, demographics factors as well as evolutions in lifestyle, media and retailing. Many industries use trend forecasting to predict relevant changes and plan product development. For example the influence of recycle, organic and ecology movement are the popular approaches to the existing fast-moving world. The fashion design team within a company usually uses fashion forecasts, fabric and color predictions for the up-coming seasons. There are two main seasons in a fashion selling year – Spring/Summer and Autumn/Winter . 80

78. (B) Coverage of tradeshows and fabric fairs Predictions can be found in major fabric fairs and trade shows such as the Premiere Vision Fabric Show in Paris, Shanghai and New York, the Inters off Fabric Show in Frankfurt and Hong Kong, the Pitti Filati Yarn Show in Florence, the Moda In & Tessuto Accessory Show in Milan, etc. 81

79. (C) Retail reports and directional garments Retail reports are conducted all over the world with a view to find “directional” garments in the retail sector. The information includes in these retail reports are color, fabrication, resource, designer, as well as detailed sketches of the updated garment. 82

80. Conceptual sketch board 83

81. 84 Illustration board

82. 85 Illustration board

83. 86 Illustration board

84. Flat sketch board 87

85. 88 Flat sketch board

86. Specific sheet board 89

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