igcse_ict_model_answers with questi.pptx

IGCSE QP

1. Exam Practice © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

2. Describe - keyword State the points Give the characteristics Give the main features © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

3. Question 1b(ii) Each computer has a MAC (media access control) address, and when the computers connect to the network they are given an IP (internet protocol) address. Describe MAC and IP addresses. (4) What does the question want? 4 marks total = 2 marks each. This means 2 points for MAC and 2 points for IP. Describe = characteristics/features i.e. what do they look like, how are they given, etc. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

4. MAC stands for Media Access Control, it’s a number that’s given to computers so they can connect to a network. IP stands for Internet Protocol. It’s a number that lets computers go on the Internet. This is given in the question – no point in repeating it. Saying it’s a number is not enough, this needs to say what is special about it, i.e. it is unique. This is given in the question – no point in repeating it. This is given in the question – no point in repeating it. An IP doesn’t only let you go on the Internet, so this is not fully accurate. 0 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

5. A MAC is a unique number that is given to computers and their NICs so they can connect to networks. They are built into the computer by the manufacturer and can’t be changed. An IP is a unique number for a computer that is given by the Internet Service Provider. The IP can change (dynamic) so you get a new one each time you go online, or can stay the same (static) so it always stays the same. This is a clear characteristic of a MAC address. (1) Identifies how a device gets a MAC. (1) Clearly states how an IP address is given to a computer. (1) Identifies that it can be static or dynamic and what these mean. (1) 4 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

6. Question 1f The schools must ensure students follow health and safety rules when using the computers. Describe two health and safety risks associated with using computers. (4) What does the question want? 4 marks total = 2 marks each. Identify a risk and then describe it. Describe = characteristics/features, i.e. what are the risks? How do the risks come about? © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

7. You can get problems with your eyes if you don’t get them checked at the opticians enough. Cables are a risk because they can be put on the floor and you can trip over them and hurt yourself. Risk identified, but the name could be clearer, e.g. eye strain. (1) You don’t get eye strain because you don’t go to the opticians. Trailing cables identified as a risk. (1) The problem with the trailing cables described. (1) 3 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

8. RSI. When you are using a keyboard and mouse without proper posture then you get problems in your wrists. When the light is poor in the room, either too bright or too dark, then you can get eye strain from looking at computer screens. 4 marks Risk identified, the abbreviation is ok. (1) Good description of how you can get RSI. (1) The method of getting eye strain is given before the name but still suitable. (1) Eye strain identified. (1) © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

9. Question 2c Cheng has only recently started using the Internet to sell products. Describe the benefits that using the Internet can bring to Cheng’s shop. (4) What does the question want? 4 marks total = 4 points. The question has not asked for one or two benefits, so multiple marks can be gained for one benefit if it is well explained. Describe = characteristics/features, i.e. state the main points. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

10. Using the Internet will mean that Cheng can sell products all over the world which is good because it will give him more customers and make more money. Benefit identified as selling products all over the world. (1) This is expanded to gaining more customers. (1) Make more money could have been better explained as profit, but is sufficient. (1) 3 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

11. Cheng can have a website and sell his products to people. He might find it’s better than having a shop because he won’t have to pay staff to be there all day. This is given in the question, so does not need repeating. They have described not needing to pay as many staff (1), but the remainder of this is too vague, they have not described how and why this is a benefit. 1 mark © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

12. Explain - keyword Set out the purposes Set out the reasons Give the relationship between things Set out why with justification © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

13. Question 3b Eshan is a member of several online forums. She signed acceptable behaviour policies when joining the websites. Explain the purpose of this acceptable behaviour policy. (2) What does the question want? 2 marks total = 2 points. The question asks for the purpose. This does not want to know what it is, or what it is in, but why it exists. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

14. The acceptable behaviour policy explains what behaviour is acceptable and what is not. This answer has repeated the question by reordering the words. They have not explained the purpose. 0 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

15. There is an acceptable behaviour policy to make it clear what people are, and are not allowed to do. It means if someone does something they shouldn’t then there is a law there to stop them, and get rid of them from the forums. They have identified that it tells people what they can do (1) and what they can’t (1). They have explained that it gives consequences for inappropriate behaviour. (1) 2 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

16. Question 2b Cheng’s customers need to pay for the items securely. Explain how Cheng can help ensure online payments are secure. (2) What does the question want? 2 marks total = 2 points. The question asks for how. What can Cheng do, or use, to make sure the payments are secure. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

17. Cheng can use a firewall to stop hackers getting into his computer and accessing the data. This has not answered the question. A firewall can protect the data on your computer from hackers, but not online payments. 0 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

18. Cheng can set up his website to make sure it uses encryption when submitting payment details, for example by using https (hypertext transfer protocol secure) which encrypts the data for you when it’s sent. This means if it is intercepted, it is all jumbled up and hackers won’t understand it. They have identified that Cheng can encrypt the data. (1) They have explained that this can be done by using https. (1) 2 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

19. Question 4c (ii) Explain two benefits and one drawback of the bank using a menu-driven interface, rather than a graphical user interface (GUI). (6) What does the question want? 6 marks total = The question asks for two benefits and one drawback. A mark will be given for stating what the benefit or drawback is. A second mark will be given for explaining why it is a benefit or a drawback. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

20. It will benefit the bank because it is easier for the customer to use. It will benefit the bank because it will use less storage. It will be a drawback for the bank because the navigation is very restricted. 3 marks They have identified a benefit. (1) They have identified another benefit. (1) They have identified a drawback. (1) © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

21. One benefit of the bank using a menu-based interface is that it is easier to use. A customer will only need to select menu items, whereas with a graphical user interface, they may need to select other things like icons too. A second benefit of the bank using a menu-based interface is that it will use less storage space. This is because it needs to store less than a GUI, that would need to store images for the icons and other such things. A drawback of the bank using a menu-based interface is that it can take time for the customer to navigate. They can only go backward and forward through the menu options and are restricted to this method. 6 marks They have identified a benefit (1) and also explained why it is a benefit. (1) They have identified another benefit (1) and explained why it is a benefit. (1) They have identified a drawback (1) and explained why it is a drawback. (1) © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

22. Question 5b(i) George’s computer has the following specification: 2GHz processor 4GB RAM 500GB hard disk drive (HDD) George upgrades the processor to a 4GHz processor to improve its performance. Explain how this will improve the performance of the computer. (2) What does the question want? 2 marks total = The question wants the student to explain how the increase from a 2GHz processor to a 4GHz processor will improve the performance of the computer. The student needs to make a point about what will be increased in terms of performance and explain what effect that has. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

23. It will mean that the processor now has a speed of 4GHz rather than 2GHz , so that will make the performance of the computer better. 0 marks This answer does not provide enough detail to gain a mark, it is too vague. They have not said what is increased from the upgrade. They have mentioned speed, but have not clarified what the speed is in relation to. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

24. Upgrading the processor from a 2GHz to a 4GHz one will mean that the processor has a faster clock speed. This means that is can process twice as many instructions per second, making the computer much faster. 2 marks The student has said that the upgrade will increase the clock speed. (1) The student has said what the result of the upgrade will produce in terms of performance. (1) © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

25. Question 5c (ii) Explain why Rita may be concerned about storing her data in a cloud-based service. (4) What does the question want? 4 marks total = The student needs to look at the mark allocation. It requires them to make two points about what Rita may be concerned about, and then explain why they are a cause for concern. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

26. Rita might tell him that if he does not have an internet connection, he might not be able to back up his data. Rita might also tell him that he cannot access his data in the back-up without an internet connection. 2 marks The student provides a concern, that an internet connection is needed (1). They then expand on this to say that if he does not have one, he cannot back up his data. (1) The student does not gain any further marks for this response. They have repeated that an internet connection is needed and just expanded further on the point above, that the data might not be accessible. © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

27. Rita would explain to George that he might need to be concerned about the security of his data. The cloud company will be securing George’s data. So he might worry whether they are doing this properly. Rita might also explain to George that the cloud company might have servers that are in a country that does not have very good data protection laws. This might mean that there could be data protection issues with his data. 4 marks The student has made a point about the security of the data (1); they have the expanded on this. (1) The student has made a second point about data protection (1); they have the expanded on this. (1) © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

28. Discuss - keyword Write about the question in detail, in depth and in a well structured way © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

29. Question 1d The school was worried about allowing the students access to the Internet. Discuss the factors that the school may have considered before allowing the students access to the Internet. (8) What does the question want? 8 marks. The question asks for a discussion of factors – try to include at least one positive and at least one negative. Link every point to the scenario. Make a list of factors before you start. End the question with a conclusion – should they have been worried? Should they have given them access? Why? © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

30. The school might have been worried because there are things online that the students should not see, like inappropriate messages, or talking to strangers. But the Internet is full of information that the students can read and learn from which might make them be able to do their school work better which is good. I think it was a good idea because as long as they are sensible and the school watches what the children do then they can learn interesting things from it. They have given a negative factor and described this. They have given a positive factor and described this. There is a conclusion. The answer is balanced (even positive and negative). Every point is linked to the scenario. 6 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

31. I don’t think they should give them access because the Internet is dangerous and they could be talking to people who aren’t who they say they are. The children are only young and they’re too young to be going online and using the computers safely. They have given a negative point and described this This is unbalanced, there is only one point and it is negative. The answer is linked to the scenario 3 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

32. Question 3c Eshan uses a laptop when at home and a mobile phone when away from home to connect to the Internet. She likes to have the latest models of laptop and mobile phone and purchases new devices each year. Discuss the factors Eshan should consider before purchasing new devices. What does the question want? 8 marks. The question asks for a discussion of factors – try to include at least one positive and at least one negative. Link every point to the scenario. Make a list of factors before you start. End the question with a conclusion – should Eshan purchase new devices? Why? © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

33. Eshan should get new devices because they will run faster than the old ones and be more up-to-date so she can keep up with her friends. In conclusion, Eshan should get new devices. They have given a positive point and described this. The answer is linked to the scenario. This is unbalanced, there is only one point and it is positive. This is not a justified conclusion, it gives the conclusion but not why . 2 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.

34. Eshan needs to think about whether she actually needs a new device. New devices may be faster and more efficient, so she can do her tasks more effectively. They might be more environmentally friendly because they might use less electricity. However, it will be expensive if she needs to buy new ones every year. Also, what will she do with her old devices? They might end up in landfill and leak lethal liquids from batteries that could damage the environment. She could sell them, or give them away to people who can’t afford them which would be a positive. In conclusion, Eshan should only buy new devices if she really needs them. Waiting a bit longer will help save the environment. If she does get new ones then she should donate the old ones to people who need them. A couple of positive points. A couple of negative points – with another positive at the end. A justified conclusion. 8 marks © Pearson Education Ltd 2018. Copying permitted for purchasing institution only. This material is not copyright free.