Improvised Explosive Devices(IED)

Improvised Explosive Devices(IED)

1. Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) Akshad Veer M.Sc.II (Forensic Physics and Ballistics) Roll No.05

2. Introduction IED crude improvised explosive devices crude improvised explosive devices nature is depends upon the ingenuity of the culprit and on the availability of materials

3. Factors affecting Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) constructions

4. Appearance of an Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs)

5. Containers Strings, paper, cloth, bottles, bulbs, tins, torch covers, bamboo poles, coconut shells, earthen pots and pipes. small size, weight less than a kilogram. The terrorists have promoted new names for IEDs: Internal: pressure Eternal: transportation

6. Explosives 1. Military or commercial explosives. 2. Small -arms propellants. 3. Nitrate mixtures. Nitrates of ammonia, barium, potassium have been used combination 4. Chlorate or permanganate mixtures. same way as nitrate mixtures, more disastrous results. used as initiators for fires and other explosives. For example, a mixture of potassium chlorate and sugar catches fire immediately on coming into contact with sulphuric acid.

7. 5) highly inflammable organic liquids have excellent explosive properties. The famous (or infamous) Molotov cocktails contain only petrol. explosion, in 2001, of the World Trade Towers, New York

8. Initiation Devices They determine the nature and the nomenclature of the bomb. Initiation devices utilize one of the following sources of energy. Mechanical: fall, crushing, impact, friction. Shock: induced by other explosions. Heat : flame, steam, exhaust pipe emissions. Spark : flame, cinders. Chemicals: for example, sugar-chlorate- sulphuric acid mixture. Miscellaneous : light, infra red rays, laser, ultrasound waves. Electric current.

9. Throw-down: E xplodes due to initiation by the impact on a sensitive material kept inside . Suitable chlorate mixture, fulminates mixtures, other chemical mixtures smallest effective bomb Fuse Bombs : fitted with a safety fuse. ignited before using the bomb. F use cord of convenient length is used so that it does not explode while being thrown. L ighted fuse puts the explosive charge on fire and the device explodes. This is the easiest and safest arrangement for initiation.

10. Percussion Cap Bomb

11. Time bomb-( Clocks or watches ) One end of the wire of the circuit is connected to the metallic needle of the watch (usually the hour hand) and the other end at the hour digit (or site ). When the hour-hand touches the digit or the site the electric circuit is completed . And activates the initiator which explodes the explosive. Suitcase bombs were usually time bomb

12. Letter bomb E xplosive chosen is so sensitive that it explodes on rough handling. A friction sensitive explosive is placed at possible tearing sites. tearing process explodes the letter bomb. miniature percussion cap (or detonator) and spring operated hammer is placed in the postal parcel. on opening the packet, strikes the cap and explodes the explosive.

13. References James T. Thurman ,Practical Bomb Scene Investigation, Second Edition B . R. Sharma, Firearm in Criminal Investigation and Trials