In_insitu germination situ_Germination_PPT.pptx

Insitu germination of seed

1. In-situ Germination of Seeds Natural germination without human intervention

2. Introduction In-situ germination is the natural process where seeds germinate in the place where they are produced, without being removed or artificially treated. • No nursery raising, direct germination at site • Examples: Wild plants, forest ecosystems, mangroves

3. Importance of In-situ Germination • Maintains natural biodiversity • Low input cost (no artificial nursery) • Ensures survival of adapted genotypes • Natural selection – only strong seeds germinate • Important in forest regeneration & conservation biology

4. Conditions Required • Adequate soil moisture • Optimum temperature • Light or darkness (species-specific) • Soil aeration • Absence of hard dormancy barriers

5. Types of In-situ Germination 1. Orthodox Germination: - Seeds fall, undergo dormancy, and germinate in the same location. - Example: Paddy, Wheat, Pulses. 2. Viviparous Germination (special type): - Seeds germinate while still attached to the parent plant. - Example: Mangroves (Rhizophora, Avicennia).

6. In-situ vs Ex-situ Germination In-situ Germination: - Natural habitat - No human intervention - Natural selection - Example: Forest trees Ex-situ Germination: - Artificial/nursery - Human care required - Managed survival - Example: Nursery seedlings

7. Advantages • Cost effective • Promotes natural adaptation • Maintains ecological balance • Low labour requirement

8. Disadvantages • Low germination percentage • Susceptible to pests, pathogens, grazing • No uniform crop stand • Not suitable for commercial agriculture

9. Case Study – Mangroves • Rhizophora produces propagules (already germinated seeds). • Seedling falls into mud, roots immediately anchor. • Helps survival in saline & waterlogged conditions. • Special type: Viviparous germination.

10. Applications in Forestry & Agriculture • Natural regeneration of forests • Restoration of degraded lands • Volunteer plants in agriculture • Biodiversity conservation

11. Diagrammatic Representation Seed formation → Seed fall → Soil factors → Germination at same site → Establishment (Add images/diagrams of normal vs viviparous germination here)

12. Summary • In-situ germination = natural germination at place of seed set • Key for biodiversity, ecology, and survival of species • Special form: Vivipary • Plays vital role in forests & coastal ecosystems

13. References • Seed Science and Technology textbooks • Forest Ecology case studies • FAO & ICFRE (India) reports