inbound5099254183106934130.pptx pe slideshow

pe slideshow

1. HOPE 2 Introduction to Sports: Individual, Dual and Team 1

2. PART 1 Introduction to Sports

3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

4. At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to: Recognize concepts and generalizations related to introduction to sports Identify the different classifications of sports Acquire knowledge of efficient and creative movement through participation in a sequential program of varied activities Express the ideas effectively in the terminologies Find the interest and value the benefits of sports; and Engage in sports or related physical activities.

5. Sport Defined 5 an organized, competitive, entertaining, and movement activity that requires commitment, discipline, strategy, and fair play, in which a winner can be defined by objective means Eymologically , the term SPORT comes from the old French word desport meaning leisure which is done during free time American English uses the term sport to refer to the general type of recreational activity The Persian word for sport is based on the root bond, meaning winning an activity involving physical exertion and skill that is governed by a set of rules or customs and often undertaken competitively (Yahoo dictionary) Rogets ( n.d ) defined it as an ctivity for relaxation and amusement with synonyms including diversion and recreation Physical activities governed by formal and informal rules that involve competition against an opponent or oneself and are engaged in for fun, recreation or reward - Lumpkin (1998)

6. Sport Defined (cont.) 6 Generally, it pertains to lifetime activity for some people. Individuals engage in sport as part of their leisure and/or recreation. Activity can be vigorous and competitive or mild and recreational, depending on the sport. Refers to a highly organized competitive physical skill activity with rules and regulations. The term recreation here is defined as any leisure activity that is enjoyable, meaningful and non-obligatory to the person involved dune during available time

7. Sport in Ancient Times 7 There is almost no direct knowledge available about the earliest times of sport. PE historians believe that people performed gymnastics and gymnastics-related activities like tumbling, jumping, swinging movements and group acrobatics early in the history of mankind in a number of areas around the world. Artifacts and structures suggest that the Chinese engaged in sporting activities as early as 4 000 BC Monuments to the Pharaohs indicate that a number of sports, including swimming and fishing, were well-developed and regulated several thousands of years ago in ancient Egypt. Other Egyptian sport included javelin throwing, high jump, and wrestling while the ancient Persian sport focused in combative sports.

8. Sport in Ancient Times (cont.) 8 In 776 BC, the Greeks held the first Olypic Games, which was a festival dedicated to their god, Zeus. It was held every 4 years until it ended in 394 AD because of financial corruption The ancient Greeks practiced physical exercises and routines and as a result, gymnastics was added in the ancient Olympic Games. This involved boxing, wrestling, throwing, jumping, track and field events and weightlifting, which later in history became separate sports.

9. CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTS ACCORDING TO PLAYER/S COMPOSITION 9 Individual Sport. Consists of only 1 player against an opponent. Dual Sport. Consists of duo/ pair against another 2 players. Team Sport. Consists of 3 or more players per team.

10. CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTS ACCORDING TO LEVEL 10 Amateur . Pertains to a proletarian/ popular type of sport consisting of one player or more acting as ambassador/s of a place competing in a highly organized game. Ex. National Games, ASIAN Games, SEA Games and Olympics 2. Professional. A popular profitable type of sport elevated as an entertainment. Ex. NBA players, Manny Pacquiao (Boxing) and Tiger Woods (Golf)

11. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTS 11 Athletics – e.g. running, jumping, and throwing events Ball (Game) Sports – e.g. Basketball and volleyball Club-and-Ball Sports – e.g. Golf Cue Sports – e.g. Billiards Combat Sports – e.g. Taekwondo, Karatedo , etc. Dance Sport – e.g. Standard and Latin Dance Sports Extreme Sports – e.g. BMX, UFC, Motorcross , etc. Gymnastics – e.g. Artistic and Rhythmic Gymnastics Mind Sports – e.g. Chess Motor Sports – e.g. Motorcross

12. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTS 12 Racket Sports – e.g. Badminton and Table Tennis Riding Sports – e.g. Equestrian 13. Shooting and Target Sports – e.g. Riffle/Gun shooting 14. Water Sports – e.g. Swimming 15. Weight Sports – e.g. Weightlifting 16. Winter Sports – e.g. Figure/ Ice Skating 17. Wheels Sports – e.g. Cycling

13. EXAMPLES OF INDIVIDUAL AND DUAL SPORTS 13 Archery Arnis Athletics Body Building Badminton Billiards Bowling Boxing Chess Cycling Dance Sports Darts Diving Equestrian Fencing Figure Skating Golf Gymnastics Judo Karatedo Lawn Tennis Motor Sports Muay Thai Pengkat Silat Shooting Skateboarding Skiing Sipa Snowboarding Snooker Squash Surfing Swimming Table Tennis Taekwondo Triathlon Weightlifting Wrestling Wushu

14. EXAMPLES OF TEAM SPORTS 14 Baseball Basketball Cricket Dodgeball Floorball Football Futsal Handball Ice Hockey Kickball Korfball Netball Rugby Speak Takraw Softball Ultimate Volleyball Waterpolo

15. BENEFITS OF PLAYING SPORT 15 Chance at sports scholarship Develop emotional traits and personality Encourage goal setting and achieving these goals Develop mental and emotional skills Health and fitness benefits Improves academic performance Improve body physique Less risk of cigarette, drug and alcohol use Pleasure Professional growth’ Profit (professional sports) Satisfaction Socialization

16. TERMINOLOGIES 16 Athletes. Pertain to the player in the sports. Athletics. Organized, highly structured, competitive activities in which skilled individuals participate (Lumpkin, 1998) Coach. The formal authority within a team. Competition. Refers to the competitive sport or tournament. Court. The physical facility/ venue where sports are played. Equipment. Usually heavy and well-built materials used in a sport. Exercise. Means to participate, to strengthen, or to terms need to be understood (Lumpkin, 1998) Game. Synonymous to a match governed by rules and regulations. It refers to recreational activities that are not considered as a sport (Example: card games, web games, etc.). Leisure. Pertains to the available time used from work, obligations, and responsibilities. Match. Refers to an entire game characterized by number, time, and order.

17. TERMINOLOGIES (cont.) 17 Official. The person or group of individuals who have the full jurisdiction over the game. Play. The act of playing. Likewise, it is an amusement engaged for fun that is non-utilitarian that the outcome is unpredictable and has an end in itself. Riot (Hooliganism). Denotes violence in sports. It is an increase of negative attitude in a sport. Set. Refers to the partition of the match. Sportsmanship. An attitude that strives for fair play, courtesy toward teammates and opponents, ethical behaviour and integrity, and grace in victory or defeat. Supplies. Usually refer as to the racquets and balls that are inevitably replace. Team Captain. The leader or the player that is in-charge of his/her co-team members. Trainer. The instructor that teaches drills and skills. Uniform. The term that refers to the prescribed clothing of the players.

18. PART 2 Review of Physical Fitness

19. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

20. At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to: Define physical fitness Understand the components of physical fitness Establish a baseline for the general fitness level of the class in physical education Establish a goal in order to achieve a higher level of fitness of an individual or group Perform physical fitness and sports talent test with ease and coordination

21. MEANING OF PHYSICAL FITNESS 21 The ability of an individual to carry out daily task efficiently with enough physical capacity to cope with the physical needs of life ( Skully , 1994) A person is said to be physically fit if he possesses the strength and stamina to carry out his tasks without undue fatigue and still has enough energy to enjoy leisure and to cope with unforeseen emergencies. Is generally the state of having a healthy body of a person who has proper diet, proper rest and regular exercise. It is the ability of the body to perform task with vigor, alertness and without feeling tired The ability of the individual to perform task successfully, effectively and efficiently without undue fatigue but with extra-reserved in case of emergency.

22. WELLNESS 22 An expanded idea of health. It is the ability to live life fully with vitality and meaning. This is the present health goal that people aim. Some aspects of health are determined by your genes, age, and other factors that may be beyond your control. But true wellness is largely determined by the decisions you make about how to live your life.

23. COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS A. HEALTH-RELATED COMPONENTS Components of physical fitness which pertain to good body fitness. 1. Cardio-Respiratory Endurance. The ability to sustain the body in prolonged physical activities and/or exercise at moderate to high levels of intensity. 2. Muscular Strength. The muscle force produced within a single to maximum effort. 3. Muscular Endurance. The ability of a muscle or group of muscles to remain contracted or to contract repeatedly for a long period of time. 4. Flexibility. The ability to move the different parts of the body through full range of motion. 5. Body Composition. The proportion of fat (stored energy) and fat-free mass (muscles, bones, organs and organ systems, etc.) 6. Organic Vigor. Refers to the liveliness and soundness of the heart, lungs, and cardio-respiratory system and other parts of the body. 23

24. B. SPORTS-RELATED COMPONENTS Components of physical fitness which pertain to skill performance (sports actions). 1. Speed. Ability to produce successive movements at a fast period of time. 2. Agility. Ability to change direction frpm one place to another within shortest possible time. 3. Power. Ability to produce muscular maximum force. 4. Balance. Ability to maintain body equilibrium while stationary or moving. 5. Recation Time. Time between the a stimulus and a reaction. 6. Body Coordination. Control over a series of muscular contractions, so as to create a desired motion. 24

25. PART 3 Types of Tournaments

26. LEARNING OBJECTIVES

27. At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to: Identify the different types of tournaments Understand the systematic structure of tournaments Initiate worthwhile organizational sport competition projects 4. Make use of the bracketing structures before class sports competition 5. Organize class sports tournament, if possible

28. TOURNAMENT is an organized competition in which many participants play with each other in individual games. After each game, each participant is either dropped from the tournament, or advances to play with a new opponent in the next round. Usually, all the rounds of the tournament lead up to the finals, in which the only remaining participants play, and the winner of the finals is the winner of the entire tournament. 28

29. BYE In tournaments open to the general public, it is unlikely that the exact number of players (power of 2: i.e. 8, 16, 32, 64, etc.) will enroll; and in any case, players may decide to voluntary drop from the tournament at any point, so BYES are used to fill holes in the bracket. A player gets a bye when there is simply no opponent for him to play that round. Getting a bye is considered fortunate for a player; he is guaranteed to advance to the next round. Sometimes many byes are granted in a particular round because of holes in the bracket. The aim of the bye is to have the number of players equal to power of 2 in the next round, or possibly the round after that. BYE refers to the entry (player/s or team/s) that will not play in the first round. 29

30. Basic Diagram for System of Tournament Single Round Robin (SRR). All teams entered in the competition shall play against each other. Advantages: Players will gain a lot of exposure Experiences on the management officials’ side Gate revenues will increase Host city will attract more tourist Disadvantages: More effort, money and time Many personnel are needed Substantial suspension of classes and absences of all concers 30

31. Procedure: For even numbers (4, 6, 8…) All number one’s are constant Other numbers shall rotate in counterclockwise Formula: where N – No. of games n – No. of entries Examples: a. Four (4) Teams R=Round   31 R1 R2 R3 1 vs 4 1 vs 3 1 vs 2 2 vs 3 4 vs 2 3 vs 4

32. Procedure: For even numbers (4, 6, 8…) All number one’s are constant Other numbers shall rotate in counterclockwise Formula: where N – No. of games n – No. of entries Examples: b. Four (6) Teams R=Round   32 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 1 vs 6 1 vs 5 1 vs 4 1 vs 3 1 vs 2 2 vs 5 6 vs 4 5 vs 3 4 vs 2 3 vs 6 3 vs 4 2 vs 3 6 vs 2 5 vs 6 4 vs 5

33. Procedure: For odd numbers (5, 7, 9…) Rotation in counterclockwise Numbers will be arranged from highest to lowest. Formula: where N – No. of games n – No. of entries Examples: a. Four (5) Teams R=Round   33 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 5 4 3 2 1 1 vs 4 5 vs 3 4 vs 2 3 vs 1 2 vs 5 2 vs 3 1 vs 2 5 vs 1 4 vs 5 3 vs 4

34. Procedure: For odd numbers (5, 7, 9…) Rotation in counterclockwise Numbers will be arranged from highest to lowest. Formula: where N – No. of games n – No. of entries Examples: a. Four (7) Teams R=Round   34 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 vs 6 7 vs 5 6 vs 4 5 vs 3 4 vs 2 3 vs 1 2 vs 7 2 vs 5 1 vs 4 7 vs 3 6 vs 2 5 vs 1 4 vs 7 3 vs 6 3 vs 4 2 vs 3 1 vs 2 7 vs 1 6 vs 7 5 vs 6 4 vs 5

35. NOTE: In SRR, a tie or triple tie may occur. In the event of a tie, the win-over-the-other principle may apply. In case there is a triple tie, it will be resolved by point system or quotient system. A bye refers to the entry that will not play in the first round. 35

36. 2. Single Elimination (SE). A team has to be defeated once in order to be eliminated. Formula: where N – No. of games n – No. of entries Advantages and disadvantages: a. Less money, time and effort b. Champion may not be the best team c. Cruel system Procedure: Look for the powers of 2 (4, 8, 16…) Determine the bye by subtracting the number of entries from the powers of two higher than the number of entries. If the number of teams is the same as the powers of 2, no bye will appear. Divide the powers of 2 to determine the number of rectangles.   36

37. Examples: Five (5) Teams Bye = 8 (powers of 2) – 5 (no. of teams)= 3 byes   37

38. b. Six (6) Teams Bye = 8 (powers of 2) – 6 (no. of teams)= 2 byes Note: 3 rd Place – L3 vs L4   38

39. c. Seven (7) Teams Bye = 8 (powers of 2) – 7 (no. of teams)= 1 bye Note: 3 rd Place – L4 vs L5   39

40. d. Eight (8) Teams Bye = 8 (powers of 2) – 8 (no. of teams)= 0 bye Note: 3 rd Place – L5 vs L6   40

41. 3. Double Elimination (DE). A team has to be beaten twice in order to be eliminated. Formula: where N – No. of games n – No. of entries Advantages and disadvantages: a. The champion is the best team. b. Easy to select the good players. c. All the rest are moderate. Procedure: Know for the powers of 2 (4, 8, 16…) Determine the bye by subtracting the number of teams from the powers of two, same as in SE. Divide the powers of 2 to get the number of rectangles. In double elimination, a play-off may be used if the team from the loser bracket wins over the waiting of the winner’s bracket.   41

42. Examples: Five (5) Teams Bye = 8 (powers of 2) – 5 (no. of teams)= 3 byes Note: W5 is twice to beat, L7 is the 3 rd place.   42

43. b. Six (6) Teams Bye = 8 (powers of 2) – 6 (no. of teams)= 2 byes Note: W10 is twice to beat, L9 is the 3 rd placer.   43

44. c. Eight (8) Teams Bye = 8 (powers of 2) – 8 (no. of teams)= 0 bye Note: W9 is twice to beat, L3 is the 3 rd placer.   44

45. Part IV Badminton

46. Objectives

47. What is BADMINTON?

48. What is BADMINTON?

49. Brief History and Development

50. Brief History and Development

51. Brief History and Development

52. Brief History and Development

53. SUPPLIES and EQUIPMENT

54. SUPPLIES and EQUIPMENT

55. SUPPLIES and EQUIPMENT

56. SUPPLIES and EQUIPMENT

57. SUPPLIES and EQUIPMENT

58. SUPPLIES and EQUIPMENT

59. TWO TYPES of HAND STROKE

60. BASIC SKILLS

61. BASIC SKILLS

62. BASIC FOOTWORK

63. BASIC FOOTWORK

64. BASIC FOOTWORK

65. BASIC FOOTWORK

66. BASIC FOOTWORK

67. BASIC TIPS

68. FAULTS IN BADMINTON

69. END of Part IV Badminton

70. Table Tennis

71. Table tennis, also known as ping-pong and whiff- whaff , is a racket sport derived from tennis but distinguished by its playing surface being atop a stationary table, rather than the court on which players stand. Either individually or in teams of two, players take alternating turns returning a light, hollow ball over the table's net onto the opposing half of the court using small rackets until they fail to do so, which results in a point for the opponent. Play is fast, requiring quick reaction and constant attention, and is characterized by an emphasis on spin relative to other ball sports, which can heavily affect the ball's trajectory

72. Table tennis has been an Olympic sport since 1988,[3] with event categories in both men's and women's singles, and men's and women's teams since replacing doubles in 2008. Table tennis is governed by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF), founded in 1926, and specifies the official rules in the ITTF handbook.[4] ITTF currently includes 226 member associations worldwide

73. The sport originated in Victorian England, where it was played among the upper-class as an after-dinner parlour game.[1][2] It has been suggested that makeshift versions of the game were developed by British military officers in India around the 1860s or 1870s, who brought it back with them.[6] A row of books stood up along the center of the table as a net, two more books served as rackets and were used to continuously hit a golf-ball.

74. The name "ping-pong" was in wide use before British manufacturer J. Jaques & Son Ltd trademarked it in 1901. The name "ping-pong" then came to describe the game played using the rather expensive Jaques's equipment, with other manufacturers calling it table tennis. A similar situation arose in the United States, where Jaques sold the rights to the "ping-pong" name to Parker Brothers. Parker Brothers then enforced its trademark for the term in the 1920s, making the various associations change their names to "table tennis" instead of the more common, but trademarked, term.

75. The official rules and regulations are specified in the ITTF handbook, which was first published in 1927. The current (fiftieth) version was published in 2022.

76. Rule changes After the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, the ITTF instituted several rule changes that were aimed at making table tennis more viable as a televised spectator sport.[19][20] First, the older 38 mm (1.50 in) balls were officially replaced by 40 mm (1.57 in) balls in October 2000.[7][21] This increased the ball's air resistance and effectively slowed down the game. By that time, players had begun increasing the thickness of the fast sponge layer on their paddles, which made the game excessively fast and difficult to watch on television. A few months later, the ITTF changed from a 21-point to an 11-point scoring system (and the serve rotation was reduced from five points to two), effective in September 2001.[7] This was intended to make games more fast-paced and exciting. The ITTF also changed the rules on service to prevent a player from hiding the ball during service, in order to increase the average length of rallies and to reduce the server's advantage, effective in 2002.[22] For the opponent to have time to realize a serve is taking place, the ball must be tossed a minimum of 16 centimetres (6.3 in) in the air. The ITTF states that all events after July 2014 are played with a new poly material ball.[23] [24] Assortment of 40 mm table tennis balls

77. Equipment, rules, and play of the game Table tennis equipment is relatively simple and inexpensive. The table is rectangular, 9 by 5 feet (2.7 by 1.5 metres ), its upper surface a level plane 30 inches (76 cm) above the floor. The net is 6 feet (1.8 metres ) long, and its upper edge along the whole length is 6 inches (15.25 cm) above the playing surface. The ball, which is spherical and hollow, was once made of white celluloid. Since 1969 a plastic similar to celluloid has been used. The ball, which may be coloured white, yellow, or orange, weighs about 0.09 ounce (2.7 grams) and has a diameter of about 1.6 inches (4 cm). The blade of a racket, or bat, is usually made of wood, is flat and rigid, and may be covered with a thin layer of ordinary stippled, or pimpled, rubber, which may be laid over a thin layer of sponge rubber and may have the pimples reversed. Whatever combination is used, each of the two sides of a paddle must be different in colour . The racket may be any size, weight, or shape.

78. Equipment, rules, and play of the game A match consists of the best of any odd numbers of games, each game being won by the player who first reaches 11 points or who, after 10 points each, wins two clear points ahead. A point is scored when the server fails to make a good service, when either player fails to make a good return, or when either player commits a specified infraction (e.g., touches the playing surface with a free hand while the ball is in play). Service changes hands after every two points until 10-all is reached, when it changes after every subsequent point.

79. Equipment, rules, and play of the game The serve is made from behind the end of the table, the server tossing the ball upward from the palm of the free hand and striking it as it descends so that it first bounces on the server’s own court and then, passing over the net, bounces on the opponent’s court. In serving, no spin may be imparted to the ball by the fingers. This was not always so. Finger spin, especially in the United States, reached a stage where the experts could produce untakable services and the game became farcical. Finger spin was universally banned in 1937

80. Equipment, rules, and play of the game Interest to the spectator lies in observing the ability of one player to defeat another by well-thought-out strategy. Increasing the speed of the game, slowing it down, varying the direction of or imparting different spin or pace to the ball, and employing gentle drop shots over the net when the opponent is out of position are some of the tactics that may be used to support the strategy planned.

81. Equipment, rules, and play of the game Interest to the spectator lies in observing the ability of one player to defeat another by well-thought-out strategy. Increasing the speed of the game, slowing it down, varying the direction of or imparting different spin or pace to the ball, and employing gentle drop shots over the net when the opponent is out of position are some of the tactics that may be used to support the strategy planned.

82. Equipment, rules, and play of the game Slow or defensive play at one time was so dominant that, at the 1936 world championships in Prague, an hour was needed to decide a single point. Play is now restricted. If a game is unfinished 15 minutes after it has begun, the rest of that game and the remaining games of the match proceed under the Expedite System. Thereafter, if the service and 13 following strokes of the server are returned by the receiver, the server loses the point. The service changes after each point.

83. Equipment, rules, and play of the game Table tennis may be played with one player at each end of the table or with two players at each end who may be both men or both women or one of each. Worldwide, the women’s game is comparable in organization to the men’s, and women take part in world championships and all other organized events. Table tennis as well as being fully organized is also extremely popular as a recreational game and is so played in all types of sports clubs, social clubs, and game rooms, in the home, and even outdoors when conditions are reasonably calm.

84. HOMEWORK Do the following: Compute the number of games; determine the number of bye/s, and bracket each type of tournament Single Round Robin- N=7 Single Elimination- N=10 Double Elimination- N=8