inclusiveness inclusion of people with disability.pptx

Inclusiveness

1. Inclusiveness (Incl1012) EiABC EiABC’s Female Dormitory Assessment Individual Assignment Name - KIDUS DEREJE ID - UGR/9485/15 Section - 4 Submitted To : Mr. Simachew A. Submission Date: July 13,2024

2. Table Of Content Introduction Legal Framework And Regulation Overview Of Dorm Building Physical accessibility Assessment Facilities And Amenities Assessment Technological Accessibility Features Policies And Procedures Best Practice And Case Studies Recommendation For Improvement Conclusion Reference

3. I. Introduction As universities strive to create inclusive and accessible environments for all students, it is essential to assess the accommodation needs of students with disabilities in university dormitories. Providing appropriate accommodations can significantly impact the academic success and overall well-being of students with disabilities. This document aims to provide a comprehensive guide for university administrators, disability service providers, and housing staff on how to effectively assess the accommodation needs of students with disabilities in university dormitories. By conducting thorough assessments and implementing appropriate accommodations, universities can ensure that all students have equal access to a safe, comfortable, and supportive living environment. Through this assessment process, universities can identify barriers to accessibility, determine necessary accommodations, and develop individualized plans to meet the unique needs of each student with a disability. By prioritizing accessibility and inclusivity in university dormitories, we can create a more welcoming and supportive campus community for all students.

4. II. Legal Framework And Regulation SOME STANDARDS OF DORMITORY FACILITY Ramp standards in dormitories To ensure everyone can access the dormitory, ramps at entrances must meet specific standards. These guidelines cover slope, width, surface, and handrails, making the building accessible and safe for all residents. Slope: - Imagine a gentle incline – that's the ideal slope for a ramp. It should rise 1 inch for every 12 inches of horizontal distance, making it easy for wheelchairs and other mobility devices to navigate. - Short, steeper sections are allowed, but not exceeding a 1:8 ratio. Think of it as a small hill, manageable for most users. - Flat areas called landings are provided at the top and bottom of the ramp, offering a safe and comfortable pause before entering or exiting the building.

5. II. Legal Framework And Regulation Width: - The ramp should be at least 36 inches wide, providing ample space for wheelchairs and other mobility aids to pass comfortably. Surface: - The ramp's surface should be firm, stable, and slip-resistant, preventing accidents and ensuring safe passage for all. - It should be smooth and even, like a well-paved road, with no obstacles or unevenness. - Avoid soft surfaces like carpets, as they can pose challenges for mobility devices. Handrails: - Handrails on both sides of the ramp provide essential support and stability, especially for individuals with balance issues. - They should be continuous and easy to grip, offering a secure hold throughout the ramp's length. - The handrails should be placed at a comfortable height of 34-38 inches above the ramp surface, making them accessible to most users. - They should extend beyond the top and bottom of the ramp by at least 12 inches, ensuring users can easily grasp them when entering or exiting the building.  

6. II. Legal Framework And Regulation Door Standards in Dormitories Size: Minimum width of 32 inches for single entrance doors Double doors in high-traffic areas, each at least 30 inches wide Minimum height of 80 inches Operation: Easy to open and close with minimal force Automatic doors for accessibility Doors should open outward in emergencies Hardware: Sturdy, easy-to-use handles, locks, and hinges Lever handles for minimal hand strength Self-closing mechanisms Safety Features: Fire-rated doors for protection Panic hardware for quick exits Door closers to prevent slamming Additional Considerations: Weather-resistant doors Door viewers or peepholes for security Minimal door thresholds to prevent tripping

7. II. Legal Framework And Regulation Standards for Vertical Access in Dormitories: Elevators and Beyond To ensure safe and accessible vertical access within dormitories, specific standards for elevators and stairs must be met: Elevators: Capacity: Sufficient for residents, staff, and visitors Door Width: Minimum 36 inches for mobility devices Controls: Accessible with Braille and tactile markings Emergency Features: Equipped with communication systems and alarms Stairs: Tread Depth: Minimum 11 inches Riser Height: Maximum 7 inches Number of Steps: Maximum 12 per flight Landings: Provided at the top and bottom of each flight Headroom: Minimum 80 inches Safety Features: Handrails: On both sides of stairs and ramps Non-Slip Surfaces: For stairs and ramps Lighting: Adequate for all vertical access areas Additional Considerations: Location: Convenient and easily accessible Signage: Clear indications for vertical access Maintenance: Regular inspections and upkeep

8. II. Legal Framework And Regulation Dormitory Rooms Essential Standards To ensure comfortable and healthy living spaces, dormitory rooms must meet specific standards: Size: Single-occupancy rooms: Minimum 80 square feet Double-occupancy rooms: Minimum 120 square feet Additional space may be needed based on occupants and furniture. Ventilation: Adequate ventilation to prevent stuffiness and ensure a healthy environment. Natural or mechanical ventilation systems may be used. Lighting: Sufficient lighting for various activities, with adjustable options. Combination of natural and artificial lighting recommended. Safety Features: Smoke detectors and fire alarms for early warning. Clearly marked emergency exits. Safe electrical outlets and wiring. Additional Considerations: Essential furniture provided. Optional amenities may include sinks, refrigerators, and microwaves. Resident privacy is respected. Regular cleaning and maintenance ensure a comfortable environment.

9. II. Legal Framework And Regulation Standards for Toilets in Dormitory Facilities To ensure hygiene, privacy, and accessibility, dormitory toilets must meet specific standards: Design: Toilet compartments: Minimum 30 inches wide and 60 inches deep. Doors: At least 32 inches wide and swing outward. Grab bars: Installed on both sides of the toilet. Toilet paper dispensers: Easily accessible. Construction: Materials: Durable and water-resistant. Flooring: Slip-resistant and easy to clean. Ventilation: Adequate to prevent moisture buildup. Accessibility Features: Transfer space: Clear floor space of 30 inches by 48 inches. Accessible stalls: At least 5% complying with ADA standards. Alarms: Emergency call buttons or alarms. Compliance: Ensure compliance for a hygienic, private, and accessible environment. Consultation with experts is recommended.

10. III. Overview Of Dorm Building Female dorm building serves as a vital residential facility for female students Significant accessibility barriers for students with disabilities Stairs are the primary means of access for entry and exit Main entrance has a 1.20-meter wide door, but one of the two doors is non-functional Residents encounter a series of stairs leading to individual dorm rooms Each dorm room features a 50-centimeter wide door Dorm rooms have an average area of 9 square meters Designed to accommodate at least 6 students Bathroom accessible via a 50-centimeter wide door Bathroom measures 1.5 square meters (1.5 meters by 1 meter) Corridors surrounding the dorm rooms maintain a consistent width of 1 meter, including turning points

11. IV. Physical accessibility Assessment Entrance and Exit: Absence of ramps at the building's entrance and exit is a major obstacle for students with mobility impairments Sole reliance on stairs makes the building inaccessible to wheelchair users and individuals with limited mobility Implementing ramps with a slope of no more than 1:12 is crucial Handrails on both sides of the ramps are necessary to address this issue

12. IV. Physical Accessibility Assessment Entrance Doorway: Narrow entrance doorway, measuring only 50cm in width Falls short of the accessibility standard of 80cm Inadequate width restricts access for students who use wheelchairs Impossible for wheelchair users to enter or exit the building independently Widening the doorway to at least 80cm is essential for unhindered access

13. IV. Physical accessibility Assessment Vertical Access: Lack of vertical access options, such as elevators, exacerbates accessibility challenges Students with mobility impairments cannot navigate between floors Limited access to various sections of the dorm Installing spacious elevators to accommodate wheelchairs and companions is imperative to overcome this barrier

14. IV. Physical accessibility Assessment Corridor Width and Turning Points: Corridor width of 1 meter meets accessibility standards Absence of wider turning points creates difficulties for wheelchair users Turning points should be at least 1.5 meters wide for smooth wheelchair maneuvering

15. IV. Physical accessibility Assessment Bedroom Doorways and Area: Narrow bedroom doorways, measuring 50cm, pose a significant access barrier for students with disabilities Widening bedroom doorways to 80cm is crucial for easy entry and exit for wheelchair users Average bedroom area of 9 square meters, accommodating at least 6 students, falls short of the standard of 9-18 square meters for 2 students

16. IV. Physical accessibility Assessment Bathroom Accessibility: Small bathroom size of 1 meter by 1 meter presents a major obstacle for wheelchair users Lack of essential features like grab bars, a lowered sink, and a roll-in shower restricts accessibility Expanding the bathroom size is crucial Installing grab bars and a lowered sink is necessary Providing a roll-in shower ensures bathroom accessibility for students with disabilities

17. V. Facilities And Amenities Assessment Common Areas: a. common areas are wheelchair-accessible with ramps and wide corridors to facilitate easy movement for individuals with physical disabilities. ~There is almost no any consideration for PWD most common areas are not accessible for wheelchair users b. appropriate signage and visual indicators to aid individuals with visual impairments in navigating common areas independently. ~No visual indicators that assist for visual impaired users of the campus c. seating areas with consideration for individuals with mobility impairments ~Some of the seating areas given consideration for individuals with mobility impairments . Measures for inclusion Inclusive Seating:  Provide a mix of seating options (e.g., regular chairs, benches, and cushioned seats) to accommodate different needs. Clear Pathways:  Ensure wide pathways with non-slip surfaces for easy movement, especially for wheelchair users. Visual Contrast:  Use contrasting colors for furniture and floor surfaces to aid individuals with visual impairments.

18. V. Facilities And Amenities Assessment Restrooms : a.accessible and equipped restrooms with grab bars, non-slip flooring, and appropriate space for maneuvering wheelchairs. ~Restrooms are not well equipped to be ready for use for people with disability.There is no enough space to maneuver wheelchair(image) b. facilities for personal care to address the needs of individuals with disabilities, such as adjustable washbasins and accessible mirrors ~(This facilities are not available). Measures for inclusion Accessible Fixtures:  Install grab bars, raised toilet seats, and accessible sinks in restrooms. Universal Design:  Design restrooms with spacious layouts to accommodate mobility aids. Hygiene Stations:  Include hand sanitizers and hygiene stations at accessible heights.

19. V. Facilities And Amenities Assessment Dining Facilities : a. dining facilities that accommodate individuals with various disabilities, including ADA-compliant seating arrangements and tables with appropriate heights for wheelchair users. ~The way to the gate of the cafe is not accessible by wheel chair users but the seating arrangements and table heights can be seen as appropriate for wheelchair users.(image) b.Consider the provision of assistive devices or utensils for individuals with limited mobility. ~(No assistive devices or utensils) Measures for inclusion Height-Adjustable Tables: Provide tables that can be adjusted to different heights for seated or standing use. Menu Accessibility:   Offer menus large print, braille, or digital formats. Assistance Service:   Train cafeteria staff to assist individuals with disabilities during meal service.

20. VI. Technnological Accessibility Features Checklist for Technological Accessibility Features: Communication Systems: Visual Alarm Devices: Are there visual alarm devices for students with hearing impairments?No TTY/TDD Devices: Is there availability of text telephone devices?No Accessible Intercoms: Are intercom systems equipped with video and text capabilities?No Signage: Is there clear, legible signage with Braille for wayfinding?No Measures Emergency Alerts:  Implement visual and auditory emergency alerts across campus. Wi-Fi Coverage:  Ensure reliable Wi-Fi coverage in all areas, including common spaces. Assistive Apps:  Promote apps that assist individuals with disabilities (e.g., navigation, communication).

21. VI. Technnological Accessibility Features Adaptive Equipment: Computer Accessibility: Are computers equipped with screen reading software, large print key labels, and speech recognition?No Classroom Equipment: Are there adjustable desks and chairs for students with mobility issues?No Assistive Listening Devices: Is there a provision for assistive listening devices in lecture halls?No Measures Loaner Equipment:  Maintain a pool of adaptive aids (e.g., crutches, hearing aids) for temporary use. Storage Accessibility:  Store adaptive equipment in accessible locations. Awareness Campaigns: Educate residents about available adaptive tools.

22. VI. Technnological Accessibility Features 8.3 Emergency Systems: Evacuation Procedures: Are there inclusive evacuation procedures for all types of disabilities?No There is a an elevator spot but finished Emergency Alerts: Do emergency alerts include visual signals and vibrating pagers?There is emergency alert Rescue Assistance Areas: Are there designated areas where individuals with disabilities can wait for assistance during an emergency?No Measures Accessible Evacuation Routes:  Clearly mark evacuation routes and exits with visual and tactile cues. Buddy System:  Encourage residents to support each other during emergency drills. Communication Channels: Ensure emergency information reaches all residents promptly

23. VII. Policies And Procedures Here are streamlined policies and procedures for handling accommodation requests in girls' dorms: Clear and Accessible Process: Designated Point of Contact: Assign a single staff member to handle accommodation requests. Multiple Submission Channels: Offer various ways to submit requests, such as online forms, email, or in-person meetings. Accessibility of Information: Ensure all forms and information are available in multiple languages and formats. Fair and Timely Review: Diverse Review Committee: Form a committee with diverse representation to review requests objectively. Clear Timelines: Establish clear timelines for reviewing requests (e.g., 5 business days). Alternative Solutions: Offer alternative solutions if the requested accommodation isn't feasible. Specific Accommodation Examples: Physical Disabilities: Assigning accessible rooms with wider doorways, roll-in showers, lowered light switches, and adjustable-height beds. Providing accessible furniture in common areas. Offering assistance with laundry services or meal preparation if needed.

24. VII. Policies And Procedures Doors: Automatic doors: These doors open and close electronically without requiring physical contact, making them easier for students with wheelchairs or limited mobility to enter and exit. Wider doorways: Standard doorways may be widened to 36 inches (91.4 cm) or more to allow for easier maneuvering of wheelchairs and other mobility devices. Ramps Minimum width: 36 inches (91.4 cm) clear width between all obstructions, including handrails. Maximum slope: 1:12 (for every 1 inch of rise, there must be 12 inches of horizontal length). Handrails: Required on both sides of ramps with a slope greater than 1:20.

25. VII. Policies And Procedures Beds There isn't a one-size-fits-all solution for dorm beds for disabled students, but most universities will work with students to provide accessible housing options. Here are some possibilities: Lowered beds: Some dorm beds can be lowered to a more accessible height for students who have difficulty climbing into a standard bed. Beds with adjustable heights: These beds can be raised or lowered electronically to meet the student's needs. Wheelchair accessible beds: These beds may have a lower profile and are designed to allow a wheelchair user to transfer from their chair to the bed easily. They may also have features like grab bars for additional support.

26. VII. Policies And Procedures In addition to these bed options, students with disabilities may also request other accommodations in their dorm room, such as: Wider doorways to allow for easier maneuvering of wheelchairs or other mobility devices. Roll-in showers with grab bars and a shower seat. Lowered light switches and thermostats for easier access. Light Switches: Lowered light switches: Standard light switches are typically mounted around 48 inches (122 cm) from the floor. For disabled students, these switches can be lowered to a more accessible height, around 40 inches (101 cm) from the floor. Rocker or push-button switches: These switches are easier to operate than traditional toggle switches, especially for students with limited hand dexterity. They may also be larger and have contrasting colors for better visibility. Light switches with Braille labels: These labels allow blind or visually impaired students to identify the switch function by touch.

27. VII. Policies And Procedures Additional Considerations: Door handles: Lever handles are easier to use than knobs for students with limited hand strength or dexterity. Kickplates : These metal plates protect the lower part of the door from damage and can also be used to open the door with a foot or elbow, helpful for students who use wheelchairs or have difficulty bending down. Door closers with adjustable closing speed: This allows for slower closing which can be helpful for students who may need more time to get through the doorway. By incorporating these accessible features, schools can create a more inclusive environment for all students, regardless of their abilities. Additional Considerations: Door handles: Lever handles are easier to use than knobs for students with limited hand strength or dexterity. Kickplates : These metal plates protect the lower part of the door from damage and can also be used to open the door with a foot or elbow, helpful for students who use wheelchairs or have difficulty bending down. Door closers with adjustable closing speed: This allows for slower closing which can be helpful for students who may need more time to get through the doorway.

28. VII. Policies And Procedures Sensory Disabilities: Installing visual fire alarms and strobe lights alongside audible alarms. Providing assistive listening devices for lectures, presentations, or social events. Offering materials in accessible formats (Braille, large print, audio recordings). Here are images representing the different ways to accommodate sensory disabilities: Visual fire alarms with strobe lights: These alarms are crucial for people who are deaf or hard of hearing, as they provide a visual alert in case of a fire. Assistive listening devices: These devices amplify sound and can be used by people with hearing loss to better hear lectures, presentations, or conversations. Accessible materials: Materials like Braille, large print, and audio recordings allow people with visual impairments to access information.

29. VII. Policies And Procedures Staff Training Policies and Procedures: Policy: Outline organization's commitment to employee development, eligibility for training, and training budget allocation. Procedures: Include training needs assessment, plan development, program selection, approval, delivery, evaluation, and recordkeeping. Emergency Evacuation Plan Policies and Procedures: Policy: State commitment to employee safety, scope of emergencies covered, evacuation decision-making, communication, and responsibilities. Procedures: Develop written plan, conduct training and drills, maintain and update plan, ensure accessibility, consider shelter-in-place, re-entry procedures, and integrate with emergency responders.

30. VIII. Best Practice And Case Studies CASE STUDY: Here's a case study demonstrating inclusive girls' dorm infrastructure with a focus on accessibility: University of Washington: Building an Inclusive Living-Learning Community The University of Washington's Mary Gates Hall is a residence hall specifically designed to be inclusive and accessible for students with disabilities. Here's how they achieved this: Accommodation Requests: A dedicated Living Learning Program (LLP) facilitates accommodation requests. An online portal and in-person meetings ensure easy access to the process. Trained staff review requests promptly, considering individual needs and offering alternative solutions when necessary. Physical Infrastructure: All rooms are accessible, featuring wider doorways, roll-in showers, lowered light switches, and adjustable-height beds. Common areas are designed with open layouts and accessible furniture. Assistive listening devices are available in public spaces for lectures or presentations. Staff Training: Resident assistants (RAs) undergo extensive training on disability awareness, sensitivity, and providing support. Staff is equipped to handle emergency situations and assist residents with diverse needs during evacuations.

31. VIII. Best Practice And Case Studies Emergency Preparedness: Evacuation routes are clearly marked and accessible, with designated staff members trained to assist residents who may require extra help. Visual fire alarms and text alerts supplement audible alarms for those with hearing impairments. Accessible refuge areas are available on each floor. Impact: Mary Gates Hall has become a model for inclusive living on campus. Residents with disabilities have reported feeling welcomed, supported, and able to participate fully in the dorm community. This inclusive environment fosters a sense of belonging and well-being for all residents. Key Takeaways: Early Planning and Design: Considering accessibility from the outset, like during the building or renovation phase, is crucial. Collaboration: Involving diverse stakeholders (students with disabilities, disability services, architects) in the planning process ensures a comprehensive approach. Regular Review and Updates: Regularly assessing the effectiveness of policies and infrastructure is essential to maintain inclusivity and address evolving needs. This case study demonstrates how a proactive and well-planned approach to infrastructure and support systems can create a truly inclusive living environment for students in girls' dorms.

32. IX. Recommendation For Improvement Here are list of design ideas- -Ramp Accessibility: Ensure that there is a ramp with a gentle slope leading to the entrance. The slope should be within the recommended guidelines for wheelchair accessibility. The surface of the ramp should be slip-resistant and provide handrails on both sides for support. Avoid using steps or stairs as the primary means of entrance.

33. IX. Recommendation For Improvement Automatic Doors: Install automatic doors at the entrance to accommodate individuals with mobility challenges or those using wheelchairs, walkers, or crutches. The doors should have appropriate clearance width to accommodate wide mobility devices. Tactile Warning Strips: Install tactile warning strips on the ground to indicate changes in elevation, such as near the entrance steps or ramps. These textured strips provide tactile feedback to individuals with visual impairments, alerting them to potential hazards.

34. IX. Recommendation For Improvement Clear Signage: Use clear signage with large, easy-to-read fonts and symbols to indicate the entrance. Include universal symbols for accessibility, such as the wheelchair symbol, to help individuals locate the entrance easily. Lighting: Ensure that the entrance area is well-lit to assist individuals with visual impairments. Use a combination of ambient lighting and focused lighting to eliminate shadows and provide good visibility. Incorporate an Elevator or Ramp: In addition to the stairs, provide an elevator or ramp as an alternative means of vertical access. This allows individuals with mobility challenges, such as wheelchair users or those with difficulty climbing stairs, to access different levels of the building.

35. IX. Recommendation For Improvement Contrasting Colors and Visual Contrast: Use contrasting colors on the stair treads, risers, and nosings to improve visibility and assist individuals with low vision in distinguishing the steps. Ensure there is a clear visual contrast between the elements of the stairs to aid depth perception Handrails: Install handrails on both sides of the stairway. The handrails should be continuous, graspable, and extend the full length of the stair. They should be at a comfortable height and provide a non-slip surface for a secure grip. Use contrasting colors for the handrails and walls to enhance visibility.

36. IX. Recommendation For Improvement Upper Bunk Considerations: The upper bunk can be designed with safety features such as guardrails on all sides to prevent accidental falls. Ensure that the upper bunk is easily accessible via a secure ladder or stairs with handrails. Bedding and Linens: Provide comfortable bedding and linens that are hypoallergenic, easy to maintain, and accommodate individual preferences. Consider using contrasting colors or patterns to aid individuals with visual impairments in identifying their assigned bed. Lighting and Privacy: Install individual reading lights or adjustable task lighting for each bed to provide personalized lighting options. Consider providing privacy curtains or screens that can be easily adjusted to create a sense of privacy when desired. Storage Solutions: Incorporate storage options near each bed to allow individuals to keep personal items and belongings within reach. This can include bedside shelves, drawers, or storage compartments that are accessible and convenient for each occupant.

37. IX. Recommendation For Improvement Design recommendation for toilet Grab Bars: Install sturdy and strategically positioned grab bars to provide support and stability. Place grab bars near the toilet, both on the side wall and behind the toilet, to assist with transfers and balance. Ensure the grab bars can support the weight of individuals and are properly anchored to the wall. Door Design: Install wide doors with a minimum width of 36 inches (91 centimeters) to allow easy wheelchair access. Consider using lever-style handles instead of knobs for easier operation, particularly for individuals with limited hand dexterity.

38. X. Conclusion The assessment of the female dormitory highlighted barriers faced by marginalized groups. Design recommendations focus on physical accessibility, technological integration, and social inclusion. Implementation requires long-term commitment and engagement with students. This initiative can inspire other institutions to prioritize accessibility and inclusion in campus housing, fostering a culture of collective learning and progress.

39. XI . Reference * Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Accessibility Guidelines: https://www.ada.gov/regs2010/2010ADAStandards/2010ADAstandards.htm * International Building Code (IBC): https://codes.iccsafe.org/content/IBC2021P1 The universal standard guide for PWDs - United Nations. (2006). Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, NY: United Nations. - World Health Organization & World Bank. (2011). World report on disability. Geneva: World Health Organization. - Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, as amended : ADA Checklist for Existing Facilities 1 . Cognitive Disability, Digital Accessibility Guide 2 . Accessibility Checklist - United Nations 3