INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC BREEDS OF LIVESTOCK

INDIAN AND EXOTIC BREEDS OF DIFFERENT LIVESTOCK

1. Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya , RAIPUR T.C.B College of Agriculture And Research Station . BILASPUR Presented To; Presented By; Dr. Ashutosh D ubey Shekh Alisha, VIBHA SAHU B.Sc . Ag 2 nd yr 2 nd sem. SESSION -2015-16 Important exotic and Indian breeds of livestock

2. important Exotic and Indian breeds of Cattle, Buffalo, Goat, Sheep and poultry

3. Breeds of Cattle Indian Cattle breeds are of 3 types Milch Breeds . Dual purpose breed. Drought- purpose breed.

4. Milch breed Breeds Home track weight Features 1 Sahiwal Central and southern dry area of Punjab, Delhi, U.P, M.P, BIHAR. M-522kg F-340kg Deep body, loose skin , short legs, stumpy horns, broad head. General colour are various red, pale red, dark brown. Long whips like tail. Naval flap is prominent in female.

5. Breeds Home track weight Features Red sindhi Karachi and Hyderabad M-450kg F-295kg Medium size and compact animal having well proportioned body, extremely docile. Thick horns, emerging laterally. Deep dark red colour varying from yellow in almost brown.

6. Breeds Home track weight Features Gir Junagarh state of south Kathianur some other states of south India F-386kg M-544kg Appearance strikingly impressive, well proportional body, produces highest yield of milk almost all breeds in India. Has breed usual extensively to makes hybrid verities.

7. Breeds Home track weight Features Ni mari Narmada valley tract of M.P. M-390kg F-282kg Long and marrow face, flat forehead moderately developed harns emerging from outer. angles of pole fin outward direction with gentle to turn at points. The body is long with a straight back. Dual purpose breed

8. Breeds Home track weight Features Dangi Ahmedabad, Nasik, Maharashtra and Gujarat M-362kg F-294kg Medium sized body, oily Skin, small head, projecting forehead, horns are short but thick small ears

9. Breeds Home track weight Features mewati Alwar, Bharatpur,of east- raj, and Mathura, U.P. M-385kg F-326kg Long deep and powerful frames similar to Haryana face is do long but narrow, bulging foreword, horns emerged from outward angles, ear pendulous placed in front of within.

10. Drought-purpose breed Breeds Home track weight Features Kherigarh Kheri dist. Of U.P. M-476kg F-31705kg They have bright eyes, small active ears, short neck with well developed hump. Develop thin and pendulous long tail ending in white switch.

11. Breeds Home track weight Features Ponwar Pilibhit of Lakhimpur Kheri, U.P. M-317kg F-295kg Small narrow face, face small ear big and bright eyes, hump well developed horns long and upstanding tail long tapering

12. Exotic breeds of cattle 1) jersey Originated from Jersey Island, U.k. Smallest of the dairy types of cattle's. In India this breeds has acclimatized. Well and is widely used in cross breeding with indigenous cows. The typical colour of Jersey is reddish faun. Dished forehead, compact and angular body. Economical producers of milk with 4.5% fats. Average milk is 4500kg pre lactation.

13. Brown swiss The mountainous region of Switzerland is the place of origin of brown swiss breed. Breed are rugged in nature and good milk production. Average milk yield is skovgy pre lactation. the karan swiss is the excellent cross breed cattle obtained by crossing this breed with Sahiwal cattle at NDR, KARANAL.

14. RED DAVE ORIGINATED IN Den mark. Body colour of this Danish breed is red reddish brown or even dark brown. It is also a heavy breed. the lactation yield of red Dane cattle varies from 3000-4000kg.

15. Buffalo breed Indigenous buffalo breed (a) Murrah It is the most imp. Breed of buffaloes whose home is Rohtak, Hisar and J ind of Haryana and Nabha and Patiala district of Panjab. The colour is usually jet black with white marking on tail and fare and extremities sometime found. Tightly curved horn is an important characters of this breed. Butter fat content is 7 % average lactation yield is vary from 1500-2500 kg the average milk yield is 6.8kg/day. While a few individual animals yield much as 19.1kg/day. Age at first calving is 45-50 months and inter calving period is 450-500days.

16. surti The breed tract of this breed is kaira and Baroda dist. Of Gujarat. Coat colour varies from rusty brown to silver grey. Skin is black or brown. The body is well shaped and medium sized; the barrel is wedgr shaped. The peculiarity of the breed is two white collar, one round the jaw and the other at the brisket. Milk yield ranges from 900-1300kg. Fat percentage (8-12%).

17. nili ravi This breed is found is Sutlej valley in Ferozpur district of Punjab and in the Sahiwal district of Pakistan.(bred around Ravi river). Usually the colour is black with white marking on forehead, face, muzzle, legs and tail. The most desired character of the female is the possession of white marking. The head is elongate, bulging at top and depressed between eyes. The muzzle is fine. The frame is medium sized. The peculiarity of the breed is the wall eyes. The milk yield is 1500-1850 kg per lactation and the inter calving period is 500-550 days. Age at first calving is 45-50 months.

18. mehsana Mehsana is a dairy breed of buffalo found in Mehsana town in Gujarat and adjoining Maharastra state. Body is mostly black; a few animals are black- brown in colour. The bred is supposed to have been evolved out of cross breeding between the Surti and the Murrah. The body is longer and heavier. The milk yield is 1200-1500kg The breed is supposed to have good persistency. The inter calving period range between 450-550 days.

19. toda Toda breed of buffaloes is named after an ancient tribe, Toda of Nilgiris of south India. Coat colour of the calf is generally fawn at birth. In adult the predominate coat colours are fawn and ash- grey. The animals have long body, deep and broad chest, and short and strong legs. The head is heavy with horns set well apart, curving inward outward and forward. Thick hair coat is found all over the body. They are gregarious in nature.

20. Indigenous goat breed name Malabari also known as Tellicherry or Cutch are native to Kerala. Malabari goats are reared for milk and meat and their skin is popular in the tanning industry. malabari The animals are medium in size. They have no uniform colour and the coat varies from completely white to black . All males and a small number of females are bearded. he milk yield ranges from 0.5 to 1.5 litres a day with an average of 90 kg in a lactation period of 178 days.  

21. Adult Male      Adult Female Average Body weight (kg) 43 to 46  34  Average Body length (cm) 77 to 79  68  Average Height at withers (cm)    77  64 

22. Berari goats, also known as Lakhi and Gaorani, were registered as a distinct breed by the National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources in May 2012. berari They are found in the Vidarbha region of Maharashtra and in the Nimar 1  region  of Madhya Pradesh . Berari goats derive their name from the erstwhile ‘Berar’ 2  region. The coat colour is light to dark tan .  Thigh hair, eye brows and nostrils are tan to black in colour. The horns and  ears are flat, leafy and drooping. Milk yield for farm reared goats is about 43 kg in a lactation period of 123 days.

23. Adult Male Adult Female Average Body weight (kg) 38 to 40  30  Average Body length (cm) 74 to 76  71  Average Height at withers (cm) 76 to 79  71  Average Chest girth (cm) 75 to 78  71 

24. The Mehsana is a dual purpose breed and is mainly found in the Mehsana, Banaskantha, Gandhinagar and Ahmedabad districts of Gujarat. mehsana The Mehsana is a large sized breed . The colour of the coat is black with white spots at the base of the ear. The  Milk yield averages one kg/day . The litter size is mostly single. Average yield of hair per goat per year is 200 grams .    

25. Adult Male    Adult Female      Average  Body weight (kg)   36 to 39  33    Average Body length (cm) 70 to 72  68    Average Height at withers (cm)    79 to 82  74    Average Chest girth (cm) 76 to 78  73 

26. osmanabadi Osmanabadi goats are native to the Latur, Tuljapur and Udgir taluks of Osmanabad district of Maharashtra, from where they derive their name. They are also fairly widespread in Karnataka, and the Nizamabad district of Andhra Pradesh. The goats are large in size. The colour of the coat varies, but is mostly black (73%), with the rest being white, brown or spotted . Ninety per cent males are horned; females may be horned or polled . The breed is considered useful both for meat and milk . Average daily milk yield varies from 0.5 to 1.5 kg for a lactation length of about 4 months.

27. Adult Male      Adult Female      Average Body weight (kg) 31 to 36  32 to 33  Average Body length (cm) 67 to 71  67  Average Height at withers (cm) 76 to 79  75  Average Chest girth (cm) 70 to 74  72   

28. marwari The native tract of the Marwari goat breed is western Rajasthan – the districts of Barmer, Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Jodhpur, Jalore, Pali and Nagaur. This is a dual purpose breed, reared for both mutton and milk, and is well adapted to the harsh environment of the Thar desert. The Marwari goat is a medium sized animal, predominantly black in colour . The hair covering is lustrous and The tail is small and thin. The hair is used to weave traditional harnesses for camels, and also carpets and bags, the latter used by potters . The male has a thick beard . The ears are small and flat, carried on a small head.

29. Adult Male    Adult Female    Average Body weight (kg) 39 to 42  32  Average Body length (cm) 76  68  Average Height at withers (cm) 76  73  Average Chest girth (cm)               76  73 

30. Saanen The Saanen is considered the largest of the dairy goat breeds . They are known to be very mellow and "eager to please" and adaptable to varying climates . They have erect ears and a short, fine hair coat . Does are at least 30 inches tall and weigh at least 135 pounds. Bucks should be at least 32 inches tall and 160 pounds. Exotic breeds of goat

31. Toggenburg This is a smaller Swiss breed of goat . Does should be at least 26 inches at the withers and weigh at least 120 pounds and bucks should be at least 28 inches and weight at least 145 pounds. These goats always have soft hair, small but erect ears, and white markings on a solid color.

32. French-Alpine The Alpine breed of goats are originally from the Swiss Alps but were bred to be larger in France where they were deemed French-Alpines . They are also referred to as Alpine Dairy goats . Does (females) are at least 30 inches at the withers (shoulders) and at least 135 pounds . Bucks (intact males) should be at least 32 inches at their withers and at least 160 pounds . They should do well in any climate, come in a variety of colors, have small upright

33. Nubian The Nubian is a large, sturdy, and quite vocal dairy goat . They are known for their long, floppy ears and can come in any color or pattern . Nubian does should be at least 30 inches at the withers and weigh at least 135 pounds . Bucks should be at least 32 inches tall and weigh at least 160 pounds . If you are looking for a pet kid Nubian make sure they have tested negative for G-6-S , a disease that only affects Nubians.

34. Indian sheep breed Deccani sheep breed Deccani Sheep breed basically is a maximum of the woolly types of Rajasthan and the hairy of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu states. These sheep are reared for both mutton and wool This sheep breed is mainly found in Mumbai-Deccan region and parts of Andhra Pradesh. This sheep possesses a coloured fleece, Grey and black colour. The sheep breed is small in size and hardy, and it well suited in poor pastoral conditions. As these sheep are good for wool production, the average annul yield of wool is about 5 kg per sheep can be expected.

35. marwari This breed sheep is hardly and yield coarser carpet variety of white wool a mixed hairy composition. This sheep breed posses long legs, black face and a prominent nose. Fleshy appendage under throat of these breed, known as wattles, are often found. These sheep breed tail is in short size and pointed. These sheep breed flocks are raised in Barmer and pali districts of Rajasthan. In these animals, an average yield of wood per year is about 1.0 to 1.85 kg per each sheep.

36. This breed sheep are small in size and are distributed in Kishtwar and Bhadarwah tehsils of Jammu and mainly raised for wool. Male sheep are found horned, ewes are found hornless. The fleece is generally white brown coloured hair on the face of animals. This breed wool is fine and lustrour and an averege annul yield of 1.15 kg per sheep can be expected which is usually clipped thrice a year. This sheep breed undercoat is used for manufacturing of high quality Kulu shawls and blankets. Gaddi

37. Nellore Nellore shep breed is distributed mainly in Nellore, Prakasam, Ongole districts of Andhra pradesh and some parts of Telangana . These animals are taller in size with little hair except at brisket, breech and withers. This breed is tallest among all the breeds in India and looks similar to a goat. Usually, male sheep( rams) are homed and female sheep (ewes) are polled. This breed has a long face, long ears and body is de4nsely covered with short hair. The most of the sheep appears in red colour this in the reason people call them as Nellore red.

38. Exotic breed of sheep This breed is most popular fine wool breed of sheep in the world which is originated from Spain. Kashmir Merino is a white faced sheep with white feet. Males (Ram) have horns whereas the ewes (female) are hornless. Most of the head and legs of the sheep are covered by wool. The merino sheep is extremely hardy being able to survive in any regions with different climate conditions. The merino ewes live and yield longer than any other sheep breed. merino

39. Rambouillet merino This sheep also known as Rambouillet Merino on French Merino. Basically this sheep breed was developed in France. This sheep breed has a large head with white hair around the nose and ears. Male sheep have horns and female sheep will not have any horns. Males weight about 120kg and ewes up to a maxium of 80 kg. This weight produces an excellent fine-wool fleece.

40. Chevoits This sheep is a medium wool breed and developed in Scotland. The breed is small with erect ears, a clean white face and white legs, covered with short white hair. In most cases, the nose, lips and feet of the sheep are black. Rams (males) weight on an average up to 75 kg and ewes (female) up to 50 kg.

41. suffolk This sheep breed native of U.K. and is large a animal with black face, ears and legs. This sheep head and ears are entirely free from wool. Both rams(male) and ewes (female) are polled through rams sometimes have scours. This sheep breed yield average wool of 2 to 3 kg. generally., mature male sheep weight 100 to 125 kg and ewes from 70 to 90 kg.

42. Native tract Mostly found in the districts of Phulbani and Boudh in Odisha. Characteristics Birds of both sexes are alert and active and vary from small to medium in size. Length of the bird varies from 42 to 71 cm. Plumage colour is varied, predominant being black, various shades of brown and white . Standard Weight: -Cock: 1.2 to 1.5 kgs -Hen: 1.0 to 1.2 kgs. Egg laying age: 6 to 7 months. Egg production: 8 – 12 per clutch; an average of 3 – 4 clutches in a year. Average annual egg production: 40 eggs. Egg shell colour: White. phulbani Indian poultry breed

43. dumasil Native tract Mostly found in Karaya and Jashipur blocks of Mayurbhanj district in Odisha. Characteristics Birds of both sexes are active and alert and fairly large, about 80 cm in length and 70 cm in height. Plumage colour: There are two recognized varieties – black and brown.  In the black variety the plumage colour of entire body including wings is black with a greenish sheen. In the brown variety the plumage colour is uniformly lustrous dark brown from head to tail. Pea comb is common . Eyes are compact and small. Eyelids are light red in colour. Standard Weight: -Cock: 3 to 3.6 kgs -Hen: 2 to 2.5 kgs. Egg laying age: 6 months. Average annual egg production: 100 to 150 eggs. Egg shell colour: Light to medium brown.

44. Native Tract Native to Southern and Southeast Asia and in India it is found in east Arunachal Pradesh, Orissa and the forests of Chhattisgarh. It is also found in the foothills of the Himalayas. Characteristics Average length: -Cock: 65 – 75 cm -Hen: 42 – 46 cm. Average weight: -Cock: 672 – 1,450 gms -Hen: 485 – 1,050 gms. The vibrant male has a long, golden-orange to deep-red crown and neck feathers, and a dark metallic-green tail with a white tuft at the base. The colourful cock also has vivid scarlet-red facial skin, throat, two lappets and a heavily dented fleshy crest (comb), and red or white ear patches on the sides of the head. The rather drab female is a dull brown-gold colour with a partly naked, pale red face and throat. Hens produce four to seven, eggs per clutch, which are incubated for 18 to 20 days by the female only. Red jungle fowl

45. Exotic poultry breed Cornish Color and Appearance Cornish chickens are chunky birds with large breasts and thighs, and close fitting feathers. Color varieties include white, white laced red, dark birds with brown patterning on a dark blue-green background (the Cornish Game) or lighter birds with the same patterning on a light wheaten background (Jubilee Cornish Game). Origin of Cornish Chickens The Cornish originated in England and was first known as the Indian Game. Size of Cornish Chickens Though they may grow heavier, the standard weight for a male is 7.5 lb (3.4 kg) and for a female is 6 lbs (2.7 kg ).

46. Temperament of Cornish Chickens A loud and active breed that is not especially docile, but takes confinement well. Uses of the Cornish Chicken Of all the different breeds of chickens, the Cornish are the definitive meat bird, consuming substantial amounts of feed and growing rapidly. Their skin is yellow. Crossed with white Plymouth Rocks, they form the basis to most commercial broiler production. They are poor layers (50/year) of brown eggs of low fertility, are winter hardy and apt to go broody.

47. Faverolles The Faverolles is a large and cloddy breed. They are unusual types of chickens, sporting beard, muffs, feathered feet, and five toes per foot. The most common color is Salmon which is expressed differently according to sex, hens being cream and coffee colored, and males darker, with black, brown, and straw-colored feathers. Less common colors include white, black, cuckoo, splash, and blue. Color and Appearance Origin of Faverolles The ancestors of the Faverolles were first developed by French farmers in the early 1800’s. However, many different breeds of chickens have been used to develop it further since then. Size of Faverolles Roosters are around 10 lb (4.5 kg), hens around 8.5 lb (3.8 kg). Temperament of Faverolles Faverolles are friendly, docile and quiet chickens. Uses of the Faverolles Originally a dual purpose utility breed, Faverolles mature rapidly into a good quality meat bird. Hens are also above average layers of medium-sized, light brown to pinkish eggs.

48. Australorp Color and Appearance Australorps are large and soft feathered. Glossy black Australorp chickens were the original color. However, other color types of chickens have been developed and are blue and splash. Origin of Black Australorp chickens Black Australorp chickens were developed in Australia in the early 1900’s from Orpingtons imported from the UK, in a bid to improve on their utility. They were known as Black Utility Orpingtons. Temperament of Australorp chickens The Australorps are quiet chickens, easily contained and handled. Uses of the Australorp chicken Australorps are a hardy, dual purpose types of chickens. Originally developed for exceptional egg laying (around 250 pale brown eggs a year), they also are a good meat bird, with reasonably early maturity and white skin.

49. Delaware Color and Appearance Delawares are uniquely patterned types of chickens, being white with light black barring on the ends of the hackle, wings and tails. Origin of Delaware The Delaware is a breed of chicken originating in the U.S. state of Delaware, from crossing Plymouth Rocks and New Hampshires. Size of Delaware chickens The Delaware is a medium sized breed; roosters weigh around 8.5 lbs (3.9 kilos) and hens around 6.5 lbs (3 kilos ). Temperament of Delaware chickens One of the quiet chicken breeds, it is docile and friendly

50. Uses of the Delaware chicken The Delaware is a robust bird that is both cold and heat hardy and does well in free range conditions. It is a fast maturing breed with a clean appearing carcass, and though now rare, was once an important commercial meat breed, dominating the broiler industry until the 1950’s.