Infrastructure Engineering, Definitions of infrastructure, Scope of infrastructure Engineering

Infrastructure Engineering Definitions of infrastructure, Scope of infrastructure engineering, Infrastructure organizations & Systems, Overview of Infrastructure development in India

1.   Infrastructure Engineering Topic- Infrastructure Development      By, Prof. Sachin M Gunjal (Assistant Professor) Mail - [email protected]

2. Infrastructure Engineering Definitions of infrastructure, Scope of infrastructure engineering, Infrastructure organizations & Systems, Overview of Infrastructure development in India such as metrorail project, bullet train, Monorail, Airport , Runways, Taxiways, aprons Public-private partnership  (PPP), partnership between an agency of the government and the private sector in the delivery of goods or services to the public. Infrastructure Engineering

3. Defination:- Infrastructure is the fundamental facilities and systems serving a country, city, or other area, including the services and facilities necessary for its economy to function. Infrastructure is composed of public and private physical improvements such as roads, railways, bridges, tunnels, water supply, sewers, electrical grids, and telecommunications (including Internet connectivity and broadband speeds) Infrastructure Engineering

4. Infrastructure Includes Roads and bridges Mass-transit systems (e.g., trains and rails) Air control towers Telephone lines and cell phone towers Dams and reservoirs Waterways , canals, and ports Electrical power lines and connections (i.e., the national power grid) Fire stations and equipment Hospitals , clinics, and emergency response systems Schools Sanitation and waste removal facilities - solid waste, wastewater, and hazardous waste Infrastructure Engineering

5. Scope of Infrastructure Engineering Connecting producing centres to marketing places minimize cost of goods . Imports and exports became easy. Improved irrigation facility enhances agricultural products and hence producers as well as consumers are benefitted . Infrastructural facility develops scope for a number of industries and it creates job opportunities . Improved education and health care give rise to skilled and healthy work force. Quality of life of the people is improved. Infrastructural facility improves defence system and peace exists in the country . Improved economical power of the country brings a respectable status in the world Infrastructure Engineering

6. Necessity of Mechanization Due to use of advanced construction equipment, there is uniformity in work quality and productivity, which cannot be maintained by labour intensive work. Mechanism and automation provides the skilful management in the various stages of construction work . Mechanisation is more suitable under extreme work condition and in case of difficult terrain, Which is not possible by labour intensive work. Targeted time scheduled can be easily be maintained by mechanization which is not possible due to labour strikes, trade union pressure and shortage of efficient labour Large scale work like bridges, dam, high rise building, express highway etc. can be done by mechanization . Infrastructure development for any area or region can be done more fast with the mechanization. Infrastructure Engineering

7. Public–Private Partnership Infrastructure Engineering

8. AMRUT - Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation was launched by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi in June 2015 with the focus to establish infrastructure that could ensure adequate robust sewage networks and water supply for urban transformation by implementing urban revival projects . In March 2021, the Parliament passed a bill to set up the National Bank for Financing Infrastructure and Development ( NaBFID ) to fund infrastructure projects in India. Indian railways received Rs. 1,10,055 crores . Infrastructure Engineering

9. Continued… The infrastructure sector is the cornerstone of the nation. Being one of the most resilient sectors, it plays a crucial role in accelerating India’s overall development , thereby driving its economic growth . Increased government spending on more extensive scale projects offers strength to India’s competitiveness across the globe. As per Indian Infrastructure Sector in India Industry Report, India plans to spend US$ 1.4 trillion(1 trillion equal to 1 lakh crores ) on infrastructure between 2019 to 2023 which is predicted to boost the expansive growth of the sector. Infrastructure Engineering

10. Infrastructure Engineering

11. FDI FDI - Foreign direct investment (FDI) is when a company takes controlling ownership in a business entity in another country. With FDI, foreign companies are directly involved with day-to-day operations in the other country. This means they aren’t just bringing money with them , but also knowledge, skills and technology . The government's approval is mandatory. The company will have to file an application through Foreign Investment Facilitation Portal, which facilitates single-window clearance. The application is then forwarded to the respective ministry, which will approve/reject the application in consultation with the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT), Ministry of Commerce. DPIIT will issue the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for processing of applications under the existing FDI policy. Infrastructure Engineering

12. Sanitation - conditions relating to public health, especially the provision of clean drinking water and adequate sewage disposal. Infrastructure Engineering

13. GDP Gross domestic product (GDP) is a  monetary   measure  of the market value of all the  final goods  and services produced in a specific time period. GDP = C+I+G+ (X-I) C = Consumer Expenditure (usage) – daily usage materials I = Industries Investment G = Government Expenditure X = Export I = Import For financial year 2021, the proportion of infrastructure investments to the gross domestic product (GDP) was estimated to be nearly four percent. After years of stable ratios between four and five percent, it lowered since 2019. Infrastructure Engineering

14. Ticket Topping-up outlets Ticket Office Machines (TOM) Ticket Vending Machines (TVM) SBI ATM SBI Netbanking BMRCL website Mobile Phone banking Airtel Money service & Airtel retail Network for any service provider phone

15. Automatic Gates AFC Gates (Automatic Gates) Permit one passenger per ticket to enter and exit the system Deduct correct fare from Stored Value Tickets Prevent exit of over-stayed / over-travelled /invalid tickets Ticket shown on right hand side Children below 3 ft to be taken in front and close

16. Emergency Trip System provided at all Metro Station Platforms

17. Automation of Safety Systems - Fire Detection & Mitigation Fire Alarm Control Panel Manual Call Point Smoke cum heat detector Manual Call Point Strobe

18. GDP Gross domestic product (GDP) is a  monetary   measure  of the market value of all the  final goods  and services produced in a specific time period. GDP = C+I+G+ (X-I) C = Consumer Expenditure (usage) – daily usage materials I = Industries Investment G = Government Expenditure X = Export I = Import For financial year 2021, the proportion of infrastructure investments to the gross domestic product (GDP) was estimated to be nearly four percent. After years of stable ratios between four and five percent, it lowered since 2019. Infrastructure Engineering

19. Decrease in GDP leads to Decrease in Production Job loss – Unemployment No earning Decrease in purchasing products No Production Infrastructure Engineering

20. Build Operate Transfer(BOT) BOT is a type of arrangement in which the private sector builds an infrastructure project, operate it and eventually transfer ownership of the project to the government . It is also called as PPP (Public Private Partnership) Infrastructure Engineering

21. Objective of BOT To develop infrastructure in an area when government does not have sufficient funds for the development of an area. To construct facilities like roads , water supply , bridges and express highways in partnership with the private sector. To provide facilities to the public at reasonable rates of toll and taxes. Infrastructure Engineering

22. Scope of BOT There is a need of developing a good network of roads , bridges , railways and low cost housing to provide facility to public. All these development by government department is not possible due to allocation of sufficient funds. Infrastructure Engineering

23. Advantages of BOT Fast development of infrastructure is possible. Public gets facility which they would not have got after so many years. Quality of work is good since public private partnership is in the supervision of government. Infrastructure Engineering

24. Disadvantages of BOT Private sector may have monopoly in operating the project. Private builder may not maintain the work on daily basis. Infrastructure Engineering

25. Thank you Infrastructure Engineering