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Human intelligence, mental quality that consists of the abilities to learn from experience, adapt to new situations, understand and handle abstract concepts, and use knowledge to manipulate one’s environment.

Much of the excitement among investigators in the field of intelligence derives from their attempts to determine exactly what intelligence is. Different investigators have emphasized different aspects of intelligence in their definitions. For example, in a 1921 symposium the American psychologists Lewis Terman and Edward L. Thorndike differed over the definition of intelligence, Terman stressing the ability to think abstractly and Thorndike emphasizing learning and the ability to give good responses to questions. More recently, however, psychologists have generally agreed that adaptation to the environment is the key to understanding both what intelligence is and what it does. Such adaptation may occur in a variety of settings: a student in school learns the material he needs to know in order to do well in a course; a physician treating a patient with unfamiliar symptoms learns about the underlying disease; or an artist reworks a painting to convey a more coherent impression. For the most part, adaptation involves making a change in oneself in order to cope more effectively with the environment, but it can also mean changing the environment or finding an entirely new on

1. Classification of people on the basis of IQ IQ-INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is test to measure of person ability to reason and solve problems LetsCrackCTET

2. Intelligence word originated from a Latin word Intelligere which means to understand. Intelligence is an ability to think, reason and learn. Intelligence is affected by Heredity, Environment ,Education, Experiences but not Gender differences The word intelligence comes from the Latin noun intelligentia which means “understanding, knowledge Concept of Intelligence(IQ) LetsCrackCTET

3. Example: Calculate the IQ of a 10-year-old child that has the mental age of a 12-year-old. IQ= 12 X100 10 IQ= 120 Average IQ =90-110 Chronological age is the biological age from birth. In 1905- first intelligence test - Alfred Binet-Simon In 1908- Concept of Mental Age - Alfred Binet LetsCrackCTET

4. In 1912 -IQ Concept -William Stern LetsCrackCTET