Intro to information technology slideshow

Slides

1. Intro. to Information Technology Lecture: 03

2. SOFTWARE & OPERATING SYSTEMS Computer software comprises a set of machine-readable instructions that directs a computer’s processor to perform specific operations. Computer software can be divided into the following types: System software Programming tools and language translators Application software

3. System software Operating system software Utility software Communications software

4. Operating system software An operating system (OS) is the software that controls the operation of the computer. Examples of operating systems include DOS (short for disk operating system ), Windows, iOS and Linux .

5. Operating system software Key features of OS include: The OS controls all operations within the computer itself The OS controls the operation of all other software , such as the application software The OS controls the operation of all the other hardware connected to the computer The OS provides systems security . For example, it enables work to be saved and provides password protection The OS also provides the graphical user interface (GUI) between the user and the computer

6. Some Other OSs Unix Linux Solaris Macintosh Ubuntu

7. Commercial vs Open Source Open-source software (OSS) is computer software with its source code made available and licensed with an open-source license in which the copyright holder provides the rights to study, change and distribute the software for free to anyone and for any purpose.

8. Utility & Communication Software Utility software performs a variety of functions on the computer, such as copying files, sorting data on files and checking for viruses. Communications software controls the transmission of data within a computer network making it possible to send and receive data over media such as telephone lines and fibre optic cables

9. Programming tools and language translators Programming tools are software that assists programmers with writing programs.

10. Application software Application software enables computer users to do their jobs. Application software can be classified into two broad types:

11. Off-the-shelf Software or software packages. This is software that can be purchased (or may in some cases be free such as Google docs) from a supplier and installed on the computer. Examples include accounting software packages, word processing packages (e.g. Microsoft Word), spread sheet packages (e.g. Microsoft Excel), presentation packages (e.g. Microsoft PowerPoint) and database packages (e.g. Microsoft Access)

12. Customised software Bespoke software or tailored software. These are programs that are written for a specific purpose, to meet the user’s specific processing requirements. Bespoke software is commonly used by larger organisations to fulfil their special purpose needs which cannot be completed by off-the-shelf software.

13. Some other concepts given in book System Architecture Client Server Computing Networking terms and Technologies