Intro To SIGNT_Soummya Mukhopadhyay.pptx

Introduction To SIGINT by Soummya Mukhopadhyay

1. Introduction To SIGINT By G37SYS73M

2. $ whoami Day Job -> Security Consulting @ Payatu Rest of the Day -> Security Research Weekends -> Sleeping + Dream Theater + Guitar Strengths: Web/API, Thick Clients, Network, WiFi, OPSEC and Red Teaming Weakness: Wildcard (If You Know You Know) + Coke + BB King

3. $ man sigint Signal Inteligence also known as SIGINT, is a process of gathering information/intel using wireless signals. Mostly used by a Nation for espionage. “ SIGINT is intelligence derived from electronic signals and systems used by foreign targets, such as communications systems, radars, and weapons systems that provides a vital window for our nation into foreign adversaries' capabilities, actions, and intentions.” By NSA

4. $ diff sigint Communication Inteligence Elctronic Inteligence Example: Comunication Inteligence -> HAM Radios, FM/AM Radios, Etc Electronic Inteligence -> GPS, ADS-B, Satalite Com etc.

5. Understanding Signals

6. Digital Data “Some Important Message” 10110111001

7. Digital To Digital Conversion The process of converting the digital data into digital signal is called as line coding which helps the receiver to get the original bits. The data that is in the form of text, numbers, audio, or video is represented internally as series of 1s and 0s. Line coding therefore transforms a set of bits into a digital signal. The sender side encrypts digital data into digital signals, while the receiving side decodes the digital signal to regenerate the digital data. The primary goal of utilizing line coding is to prevent the overlapping of pulses and distortions. Types Unipolar Polar Bipolar

8. Example Bipolar Encodding Digital Data -> 01001110 Digital Signal ->

9. Digital to Analog Conversion Digital Signal A digital signal is a signal that represents data as a sequence of discrete values; at any given time it can only take on one of a finite number of values. Analog Signal – An analog signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity i.e., analogous to another time varying signal. The following techniques can be used for Digital to Analog Conversion:

10. Amplitude Shift keying Amplitude Shift Keying is a technique in which carrier signal is analog and data to be modulated is digital. The amplitude of analog carrier signal is modified to reflect binary data. The binary signal when modulated gives a zero value when the binary data represents 0 while gives the carrier output when data is 1. The frequency and phase of the carrier signal remain constant.

11. Frequency Shift keying In this modulation the frequency of analog carrier signal is modified to reflect binary data. The output of a frequency shift keying modulated wave is high in frequency for a binary high input and is low in frequency for a binary low input. The amplitude and phase of the carrier signal remain constant.

12. Phase Shift keying In this modulation the phase of the analog carrier signal is modified to reflect binary data.The amplitude and frequency of the carrier signal remains constant.

13. Analog to Analog Conversion (Modulation) Analog-to-analog conversion, or modulation, is the representation of analog information by an analog signal. It is a process by virtue of which a characteristic of carrier wave is varied according to the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating signal. This modulation is generally needed when a bandpass channel is required. Bandpass is a range of frequencies which are transmitted through a bandpass filter which is a filter allowing specific frequencies to pass preventing signals at unwanted frequencies. Analog to Analog conversion can be done in three ways: Amplitude Modulation Frequency Modulation Phase Modulation

14. AMPLITUDE MODULATION

15. FREQUENCY MODULATION

16. PHASE MODULATION

17. Devices That can be used -> SDRs

18. DEMO Infaltrating an Airbase

19. CAUTION Transmission of any kind of RF Signal is illegal in India.

20. THE ATC (Air Traffic Control) Approach Tower ATIS Weather Info Broadcast Ground

21. !!Thank You!!