Introducing Gender Board Diversity Dataset

We present a Gender Board Diversity Dataset (GBDD), which provides a cross-country perspective on women in management and supervisory boards that spans between 1985 and 2020. The data covers 43 European countries and accounts for private companies in addition to the stock-listed ones. GBBD was created using firm-level Orbis data. Our measures are based on a sample of more than 28 million unique firms observed for nearly seven years on average and reporting data about nearly 59 million individuals on management and supervisory boards. We provide the measures at the level of industry, country and year (firm-level data is proprietary). We provide three measures. The first is the share of women among all board members in a given industry, country, and year. The second one is the average of the shares of women across firms in a given industry, country and year. We also provide a new measure: the share of firms in a given industry, country and year which report no single woman on their board(s).

1. Gender Board Diversity Database
EARHART: EquAl in ReacHing AspiRaTions
UW & FAMEjGRAPE
PAA 2024

2. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
Orbis: 2+ mln rms
ˆ(Quasi-)Administrativedata: 1986 - 2020 for 29 European countries
ˆMost of these rms are private (0.4% are listed)
ˆBoard members: one-tier and two-tier systems
Sample properties
ˆAverage # of years in the sample per rm: 7 (mean), 6 (median), 35 (max)
ˆAverage # of people per rm: 6+
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 1

3. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
Orbis: 2+ mln rms
ˆ(Quasi-)Administrativedata: 1986 - 2020 for 29 European countries
ˆMost of these rms are private (0.4% are listed)
ˆBoard members: one-tier and two-tier systems
Sample properties
ˆAverage # of years in the sample per rm: 7 (mean), 6 (median), 35 (max)
ˆAverage # of people per rm: 6+
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 1

4. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 2

5. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
People in boardrooms
ˆGender attributionbased on linguistic rules across languages
ˆBoard assignmentextracted from word parsing
Manipulation checks
ˆGender assignment accurate in 99%
ˆBoard assignment: Orbis less reliable
ˆOne-tier and two-tier systems confused
ˆSome position names are not denite (e.g. oard member" or \president of the board")
ˆWe identify the roles: management + supervisory + other board members
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 3

6. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
People in boardrooms
ˆGender attributionbased on linguistic rules across languages
ˆBoard assignmentextracted from word parsing
Manipulation checks
ˆGender assignment accurate in 99%
ˆBoard assignment: Orbis less reliable
ˆOne-tier and two-tier systems confused
ˆSome position names are not denite (e.g. oard member" or \president of the board")
ˆWe identify the roles: management + supervisory + other board members
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 3

7. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
People in boardrooms
ˆGender attributionbased on linguistic rules across languages
ˆBoard assignmentextracted from word parsing
Manipulation checks
ˆGender assignment accurate in 99%
ˆBoard assignment: Orbis less reliable
ˆOne-tier and two-tier systems confused
ˆSome position names are not denite (e.g. oard member" or \president of the board")
ˆWe identify the roles: management + supervisory + other board members
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 3

8. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
One interesting empirical observation: broad majority of rms has NO WOMEN in boardrooms
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 4

9. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
Two published papers
ˆProduced database of measurers of GBD across countries & industries + over time
!Nature Scientic Data + Harvard Dataverse + GitHub
ˆEvolution of labor share in Poland
!a major Polish journal
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 5

10. Gender board diversity across Europe throughout four decades
NEW DATA
Two published papers
ˆProduced database of measurers of GBD across countries & industries + over time
!Nature Scientic Data + Harvard Dataverse + GitHub
ˆEvolution of labor share in Poland
!a major Polish journal
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 5

11. Funded by Norway and EEA Grants 2014{2021
Basic Research Programme operated by the National Science Centre
EARHART - NCN GRIEG - UW & FAME jGRAPE & NHH 6

12. References
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