Introduction to Biology

This is an introduction to biology.

1. Introduction to BIOLOGY

2. What is Biology? Bio – means life Ologos – to study / the study BIOLOGY – is the study of life / the study of living things Biologist – the person who studies Biology

3. Brief History of Biology Aristotle – Greek philosopher; first who classified living things as to air, land, or water dwellers ; Father of Biology

4. Brief History of Biology Galen – Greek physician; first to dissect apes and pigs; Father of Anatomy

5. Andreas Vesalius – made the first dissection on human anatomy; discovered Comparative Anatomy

6. William Harvey – showed conclusively that the heart pumps blood and the blood circulates

7. Marcello Malphigi – Italian physician & anatomist, founder of microscopic anatomy

8. Anton Van Leeuwenhoek first to use microscope; discovered microorganisms such as protozoans called animalcules

9. Charles Darwin – wrote the book On the Origin of Species By Means of Natural Selection

10. Divisions of Biology 2 Major Divisions of Biology Botany – the study of PLANTS Zoology – the study of ANIMALS

11. BOTANY Dendrology Study of trees and their history Mycology Study of fungi and some association with plants Paleonbotany Study of fossil plants Phytopathology Study of diseases of plants Agriculture Study the principles of botany in growing food plants Pomology Study of cultivating fruits

12. ZOOLOGY Arachnology Study of single class of invertebrate (scorpions, spiders, etc.) Conchology Study of mollusks Embryology Study of the development of animal forms Entomology Study of insects Herpetology Study of reptiles Mammalogy Study of mammals Ornithology Study of birds Ichthyology Study of fishes

13. Some Branches of Biology Anatomy – the study of structures of entire organisms and their parts

14. Some Branches of Biology Physiology – the study of how the body and its parts work

15. Some Branches of Biology Ecology – study of how organisms interact with their environment & with other organisms

16. Parasitology – the study of the organisms that live in or on other organisms that caused diseases

17. Taxonomy – the study of the classification & evolutionary interrelationships among organisms

18. Embryology – study of the development & growth of organisms

19. Cytology – the study of the structures & functions of cells

20. Microbiology – the study of microorganisms such as bacteria, protozoans, and viruses

21. Paleontology – the study of fossils, the preserved remains and traces of organisms from the past

22. Genetics – the study of how traits are inherited & passed on one generation to the next

23. Morphology – the study of gross structures & forms of organisms

24. Histology – study of tissues