Introduction to Computers & Operating Systems

the study of computer hardware, software, and how operating systems manage and run them.

1. Title: Introduction to Computers & Operating Systems Grade 11 CAT Learners Ngoepe LB Date 18 Aug 2025

2. Learning Objectives Understand basic computer concepts Explain the role of operating systems Identify common Windows items Perform basic file & folder operations Apply knowledge to practical scenarios This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

3. What is a Computer? Electronic device for processing data Hardware (physical parts) vs. Software (instructions/programs) In South Africa, learners use computers for CAPS subjects like CAT, IT, and EMS. Computers are also essential for applications like NSFAS bursary registration and university applications (GulJan8, 2025).

4. History of Computers South Africa’s first computers were used in banks and government departments in the 1960s. Today, we see the impact of computers in e-learning platforms like Moodle and university online registration systems This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

5. Input & Output Devices Input: Keyboard, mouse, scanner Output: Monitors, printers In South African schools, projectors and printers are common output devices used for teaching. Some rural schools still rely on shared computer labs (ssuser1028f8, 2024). This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

6. Using a Mouse Left-click, right-click, double-click Drag, drag-and-drop, click-and-hold This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

7. Introduction to Operating System OS = Software that manages hardware + software Most South African learners are familiar with Windows because it is widely used in schools and government offices. However, open-source systems like Linux are sometimes used in township schools because they are free (NirmalGupta31, 2025). This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

8. Types of Operating Systems Single-user  Multi-user  GUI (Windows, macOS, Linux) This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

9. Booting a Computer Cold Booting: Powering on from off Warm Booting: Restart without cutting power In South Africa, load-shedding often causes computers to shut down unexpectedly, so learners must understand the difference between a normal restart and a forced shutdown ( cclmscomputer , 2019). This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

10. Reference List. cclmscomputer (2019)  Computer of Health from Slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/cclmscomputer/computer-of-health-my-name-i-d-kussta-lpaggyhsgd-bb01 GulJan8 (2025)  What is a Computer: Input Devices & Output Devices from Slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/GulJan8/what-is-a-computer-input-devices-output-devices NirmalGupta31 (2025)  Introduction of Operating Systems is a Very Important Topic from Slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/NirmalGupta31/introduction-of-operating-systems-is-very-important-topic RasseruDeGuzman (2025)  Empowerment Technology Lesson 1 About ICT and Computers from Slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/RasseruDeGuzman/empowerment-technology-lesson-1-about-ict-and-computers ssuser1028f8 (2024)  Introduction to Windows Operating System from Slideshare at https://www.slideshare.net/ssuser1028f8/introduction-to-windows-operating-system

11. By Ngoepe Lb