Introduction to Drug delivery systems.pptx

This is introductory presentation of Drug delivery systems of various drugs of human. This is useful for Lifesciences, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical students as well as good for preparing interviews in Biotech or Biosimilar industry.

1. Drug Delivery Systems Preface- Defination of drug delivery Classification Novel methods By- Janhavi Barve

2. What is drug delivery ? Drug delivery is the process of administering an API (Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient) to achieve therapeutic effect in the organism. It is different from route of administration.Better illustration is that the route of adminstration will tell you the path for flowing of drug, and drug delivery systems will be the carriers on that path.

3. Major Classification Oral osmotic drug delivery systems Transdermal drug delivery systems Liposomal drug delivery systems Targeted drug delivery systems

4. Oral osmotic drug delivery system OODDS is a method where a rigid tablet(perforated) passes through the body, osmotic gradient is formedand this osmotic pressure gradient pushes the drug in the gastro-intestinal tract. This is a popular system & 40% of the formulated drugs can be delivered by OODDS.

5. Rough illustration of OODDS-

6. Merits Not affected by pH Not affected by food intake Precise delivery Demerits These systems are osmotic control release systems, so blockage may form in digestive tract. Dermal or hydrophobic drugs cannot be delivered. Examples- Doxazosin( Prostate disease), Pseudoephedrine(Sinus), Alpress LP( hypertension) etc.

7. Transdermal drug delivery system TDDS are topically administered where drug leaves the formulation and passes through dermal layer. Novel TDD System uses microneedles which do not damage the nerve endings in the tissue.

8. Rough illustration of TDDS

9. Merits Efficient and precise delivery Avoids hepatic digestion and gastric interactions Large surface area is available. Demerits Extremely low dosage is induced Local irritation Cannot deliver ionic drugs. Examples- Estradiol(Hormonal imbalance), Testesterone, Lidocaine(Anaesthetic) etc.

10. Liposomal drug delivery systems One of the novel techniques which uses phospholipids as drug carriers. Phospholipids when dispersed in water, swells to form closed vessicles(circles). These close vesicles have hydrophilic inner walls and hydrophobic outer walls, thus forming a bilayer. When the drug is attached onto the liposome,it passes through bilayer and carried near the desired cell.

11. Rough illustration of Ldds

12. Merits Reduced toxicity of drug Drug transportation across the membrane. Demerits Low solubility in water Unnecessary redox reactions may occur at lipid bilayer. Examples- AmphotericinB, Amicacin(Fungal infection), Nystitin(Bacterial infection)

13. Targeted drug delivery systems These are most widely and exclusively used novel systems based on nanotechnology. The drug is loaded on the nanoparticles/MW-CNTs, then delivered specifically to the diseased cell or tissue or tumor without damaging the other nearby organs. Route of administration could be oral, topical or parentaral.

14. Merits Most precise and target specific system Nanoscale delivery, thus dosage can be adjusted. Exclusively used in Anti-cancer therapies, but can deliver all types of drugs. Rapid drug release Demerits Most expensive technique Sensative to many metabolic parameters Not available for all nations Examples- Polymeric drugs, Anticancer drugs, anti-inflammatory drugs etc.

15. References- Wikipedia Review articles for controlled release systems Elen hiester’s review paper on nanoparticle drug delivery GoogLe Thank you !