Introduction to Political Science

Slides for Introduction to Political Science

IIUM : by Dr. Fuzi Omar

1. PSCI 1010
SEM. 2, 2014/2015
SECT.3 & 10
Muhamad Fuzi Omar
HS 5.26
019-2527168
03/25/15Sem.2, 2014/20151
INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL
SCIENCE

2. COURSE ASSESMENTS
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Mid Term:25%
Assignment:15% (group)
Quizzes: 10%
Presentation: 10% ( group)
Final Exam.:40%

3. TOPIC 1: OBJECTIVES
To understand the reasons for studying politics
To provide definitions of politics
To elaborate the different manifestations of politics
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4. Why you should study politics?
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Knowledge and virtues:
To identify virtues……..
To know how social policy is made……
Why a given election is won by a political party…..
To know political system….
To be a good citizen of a state
Experience/skills:
Not to become a passive member.
Leadership
Research
Attitude:
Toward the government
Toward the leader
Toward certain issue

5. POLITICS
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6. POLITICS
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7. POLITICS
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8. POLITICS
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9. What is politics?
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 A “loaded” term, “dirty” term
Modern usage: new meanings: It denotes current political
affairs
Politicians: do not signify a person who is interested in the
study of the nature of origin state but one who take interest
in practical and current problems that face the country.

10. What is politics?
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Greek word: “Polis”: the highest good
Robert Dahl: “ any persistent pattern of human relationship
that involves, to a significant extent, power, rule or
authority”. “offices” “roles”.
David Easton: “authoritative allocation of values to the whole
society”- human interactions.

11. Easton’s Definition of Politics
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12. What is politics?
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Harold Lasweell: who gets what when and how.
“Politics as struggle for power”
“All activities whose main purpose is one or more of the following: to
reshape or influence governmental structure or processes; to influence
or replace government office-holders; to influence the formation of
public policies; to influence the implementation of public policies; to
generate public awareness of, and response to governmental, processes,
personnel and policies; to gain a place of influence or power within
government. John Redekop

13. What is politics?
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Common qualities:
Conflict and
cooperation
scarcity
Different values
Group rather than
individual
How people govern
themselves?
How they achieve their
goals effectively?
How they resolve the most
important values in a society?

14. What is politics and what is non-
politics?
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The art of government
‘running the country’
What takes place within polity
In cabinet rooms, legislative chambers
Gov. departments
Involve politicians, civil servants,
lobbyist
Most institutions and most
social activities-Outside politics.
Business, schools, community group,
families-nonpolitical
Ignore international
influences
As party politics:negative and
pejorative image

15. What is politics and what is non-
politics?
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Politics as public affairs/
public life
Good life:only
within political community:
an ethical activity
Where should be the line?
State and civil society?
Publicl and personal?
Good image:
Interactions among equal citizens
Political participation
Negative image:
Unwanted interference
In business, in sports, family life

16. What is politics and what is non-
politics?
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Politics as Compromise and
Consensus
As a means of resolving
Conflict: compromise
Conciliation, negotiation
The art of possible:
Political solution/ military solution
Alternative to bloodshed,
brutality
People should be encouraged to respect
politics as an activity, and engage in
the political life

17. What is politics and what is non-
politics?
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As a struggle for power
Broadest and most radical:
In all social activities: family/friends/
How to differentiate political activity from
other behaviour ?
Production/distribution/use of resources:
Use of power:Laswell
Scarcity: desires are infinite
Ex. Feminism
Political relatioship
Marxism:class system

18. QUIZ 1
___________ defines politics as ‘ the authoritative
allocation of values to the whole societies.’
A. Max Weber
B. Morgenthau
C. David Easton
D. Hegel
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19. Quiz 2
The phenomenon of ‘anti-politics’ emerged because
A. politics bring peace to a country
B. politics create divisions among society
C. politics has no values
D. politics is considered as self-serving two-faced and
unprincipled activity.
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20. Quiz 3
Politics as compromises and consensus can be defined as
A. particular means of resolving conflict, by the use of
compromise, conciliation and negotiation.
B. It is only in the political community that human being can
live “good life”.
C. Politics is all the good policies introduced by a government.
D. politics is the heart of all collective social activity, formal
and informal, public and private, in all human groups,
institutions and societies.
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21. Quiz 4
Power is the ability to influence others. However influence
can take place in many ways. Which one of the following is
not the dimension?
A. power as decision-making
B. power as agenda-setting
C power as thought control
D. power as consensus
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22. Quiz 5
John Redekop’s definition of politics involved several
activities. Which one of the following is not part of them?
A. Reshape and influence governmental structures or purposes
B. Influence or replace governmental office-holders
C. influence the formation of public policies
D. generate public awareness
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23. Quiz 6
Which one of the followings is not a definition of politics?
A. Harold Laswell’s ‘ who gets what, when and how.’
B. Lenin’s who does what to whom.
C. Mao Tse Tung’s ‘bloodless war
D.Chancellor Bismark of Prussia’s the doctrine of the possible,
the attainable.’
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24. Other approaches to define politics
James John Guy, People, Politics and Government, defines
politics as follows:
Politics as behaviour
Politics as culture
Politics as values
Politics as conflicting interest
Politics as nation-building
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25. Topic:
Manifestation of Politics
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26. MANIFESTATION OF POLITICS
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Political activities: reflect the values, beliefs and attitudes
of the people held in that state.
They are manifested through:
Political Behaviour
Political Culture
Political Values
Conflicting Interests
Levels of Government

27. MANIFESTATION OF POLITICS
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Political Behaviour
Two dimensions:
Psychological: thought, perception, judgment, attitudes, and beliefs.
Images, silent attitude.
Social: strike, demonstration, election campaign…

28. MANIFESTATION OF POLITICS
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Political Culture: A pattern of individual beliefs and attitudes
that relate to the political system and to political issues.
Components: political customs, political beliefs, political
expectations, political symbols, political attitudes, political
values and political traditions.
Types:
participant,
subject,
parochial

29. Quiz 1
Which one of the followings is not a reflections of
psychological basis of political behaviour?
A. It is seen in the construct of personality, expectation and
motivation.
B. leaders are found to demonstrate a higher rate of energy
output, alertness, originality, personal motivation, self-
confidence and fluency of speech than do the followers.
C. During election campaign, advanced propaganda and
entertainments techniques are used to gather crowds.
D. Images and issues are used to appeal to the widest number
of voters.
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30. Quiz 2
Which one of the followings is correct about the social basis
of political behaviour?
A. It is found in actions such as voting, protesting,
campaigning, and lobbying.
B. It is revealed as aggression, co-operation, compromise,
negotiation, posturing, and assertiveness.
C. It is not related to the psychological basis of the behaviour
D. It take place through the social institution like a family.
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31. Quiz 3
Political customs can be defined as….
A. convictions about political reality that are based on one or
more fundamental assumptions about human behaviour.
B. Assertions about what people believe ought to happen in the
political world
C. entities that represent something else.
D. conventional and accepted practices that may be recognized
as a functional part of the political system that may be
reinforced through several means like legal action.
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32. Manifestation of politics
Political Values
Values:
The value judgment of the people which are commonly shared
among them.
It provide them with a way of judging whether they are
satisfied or not satisfied with the performance of the
government:
Main components:
Power
Wealth
Health
Education
Employment
justice
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33. Conflicting interest.
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34. Levels of government
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35. TRANSMISSION OF POLITICS
TOPIC
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36. Definition
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37. AGENCIES
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38. Topic
Islam and Politics
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39. Islam and politics
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40. Quiz 4
Which one of the followings is not part of political culture?
Beliefs
Customs
Attitudes
Traditions
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41. Quiz 5
Political culture can be classified into three general qualities.
Which one of the followings is not those qualities?
A. There is widespread awareness of the rules and structures of
the political system.
B. Politics and the political system are widely accepted. People
are usually comply with the laws and regulations the system
produces.
C. The expectation of certain bahaviour within the political
system
D. The existence of only one type of political culture.
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42. Quiz 6
Which one of the following is not a type of political culture?
A. subject
B. participant
C. attendance
D. parochial
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43. Quiz 7
Political values can be defined as
A. the value judgment of the people which are commonly
shared among them.
B. pattern of individual beliefs and attitudes that relate to the
political system.
C. The responses of the people to the different issues of the
society.
D. the process of learning about politics
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