Introduction to the Basic Component of the Biological Process_UiTM_29Mar24_Rev1.pptx

Biological Process

1. INTRODUCTION TO THE BASIC COMPONENT OF THE  BIOLOGICAL PROCESS (BP)

2. TRAINER PROFILE Maizan Aza bin Mohamed Yusop. Graduated from UNITEN in Mechanical Engineering in 2001. Industrial Effluent Treatment System (IETS) Practitioner. Professional Technologist from MBOT. Certified Environmental Professional in IETS for BP & PCP. DLKM in IETS Specialization from JPK. DKM in IETS Optimization from JPK. SKM in IETS Supervision & Operation from JPK. PSMB Certified Trainer in IETS. PPV (Personal Penilaian & Verifikasi) for IETS with DSD (Dept of Skills Development). PP ( Pegawai Penilai ) & PPL ( Pegawai Pengesah Luaran ) for PPT on IETS, LE, and Sewage Treatment NOSS (National Occupational Skills Standard) with DSD. Adjunct Lecturer with Universiti Teknologi Petronas in Wastewater Engineering. Adjunct Lecturer with Universiti Teknologi Petronas in PDP (Plant Design Process). External Examiner for Final Year Research Project with Universiti Teknologi Petronas. Vocational Training Officer (VTO) in IETS from CIAST (Centre for Instructor and Advanced Skill Training). EiMAS  Certified Trainer for CePIETSO BP with INSTEP ( Institut Teknologi Petroleum Petronas)

3. DIVERSIFIED INFRASTRUCTURE CONGLOMERATE MMC`s Group of Companies

4. INTRODUCE YOURSELF Name Experience in IETS What type of BP treatment that you are using now?

5. OVERVIEW ON THE TRAINING Biological Process (BP) is considered as a common wastewater treatment process when the pollutant to be treated is organic. It is also suitable for the removal or reduction of nutrient. There are lots of BP design and technologies nowadays being introduced especially when budget and foot print are the concerned. Sizing and design of the BP are obviously based on the characteristics of the influent, but few understand the basic components of the BP. All basic components must be in place and run accordingly, otherwise the whole BP system will fail. This sharing session will focus on those components regardless whether it is aerobic, anaerobic, attached growth, suspended growth, etc.

6. LEARNING OUTCOME Understand the basic components of the BP. Understand the basic design parameter of the components. Understand the basic control parameter of the components. Understand that the components are linked together to have a good BP system. At the end of this program, participants will be able to:

7. COURSE CONTENTS Module 1:  INTRODUCTION TO A BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT Definition of Biological Process Understand the basic design and process flow. Module 2:   INTRODUCTION TO THE FIRST COMPONENT OF BP Biodegradation Actual Oxygen Requirement Related design and control parameters

8. COURSE CONTENTS Module 3:  INTRODUCTION TO THE SECOND COMPONENT OF THE BP Separation process Types of separation Related design and control parameters Module 4:   INTRODUCTION TO THE THIRD COMPONENT OF THE BP Solid management Recycle and Waste of Activated Sludge (RAS and WAS) SUMMARY

9. TENTATIVE PROGRAM SHARING SESSION SCHEDULE 10:00am to 10:30am: Module 1   10:30am to 10:55am:  Module 2   10:55am to 11:00am: Break  11:00am to 11:30pm: Module 3   11:30am to 11:55am:  Module 4   11:55am to 12:00am: SUMMARY

10. MODULE 1 INTRODUCTION TO A BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT

11. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

12. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

13. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

14. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS 1. Presence of microorganism. 2. Convert organic to cell and byproducts.  3. Aerobic - Oxygen requirement. 4. Anaerobic – No oxygen. 5. Anoxic – Combined oxygen.

15. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS 3. Aerobic - Oxygen requirement.

16. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS 3. Aerobic - Oxygen requirement.

17. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS 4. Anaerobic – No oxygen.

18. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS 5. Anoxic – Combined oxygen.

19. DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESS

20. INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW PRIMARY TREATMENT

21. PRIMARY TREATMENT

22. TERTIARY TREATMENT INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW

23. TERTIARY TREATMENT

24. SECONDARY TREATMENT BIOLOGICAL INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW

25. SECONDARY TREATMENT

26. 30 BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW

27. 31 SUSPENDED GROWTH INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW

28. 32 ATTACHED GROWTH INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW

29. 33 INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW ATTACHED GROWTH

30. 34 NEW BED USED BED HYBRID INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW

31. 35 INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET

32. Measure the biodegradability rate: BOD/COD = a a < 0.20 = non-biodegradable 0.20 < a < 0.5 = biodegradable a > 0.5 = easily biodegradable  Need of PCP  Need of BP + PCP  Need of BP only INTRODUCTION TO BASIC DESIGN AND PROCESS FLOW DATA FROM IECS

33. SECONDARY TREATMENT

34. MODULE 2 INTRODUCTION TO THE FIRST COMPONENT OF BP

35. R A S W A S S o u rc e : I n t e r n e t ACTIVATED SLUDGE - REVIEW

36. R A S W A S BIODEGRADATION BIODEGRADATION

37. SECONDARY TREATMENT

38. R A S W A S ACTUAL OXYGEN REQUIREMENT ACTUAL OXYGEN REQUIREMENT

39. R A S W A S ACTUAL OXYGEN REQUIREMENT 1. RESPIRATION 2. BIODEGRADATION 3. NITRIFICATION

40. ACTUAL OXYGEN REQUIREMENT 1. RESPIRATION 2. BIODEGRADATION 3. NITRIFICATION  Dissolved Oxygen  F/M ratio, SOUR, pH, OLR, Temperature, HRT  Loading rate, pH, temperature, HRT

41. www.mwa.org.my Source: Internet BIODEGRADATION RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

42. www.mwa.org.my Source: Internet BIODEGRADATION RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

43. www.mwa.org.my Source: Internet BIODEGRADATION RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

44. MODULE 3 INTRODUCTION TO THE SECOND COMPONENT OF BP

45. 7 SEPARATION SEPARATION PROCESS

46. 7 1. SEDIMENTATION 2. FLOTATION 3. FILTRATION TYPES OF SEPARATION

47. 7 1. SEDIMENTATION 2. FLOTATION 3. FILTRATION  Surface Overflow Rate (SOR)  Solid Loading Rate (SLR)  Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT)  Upflow Velocity (UFV)  Air to Solid (A/S) Ratio  Flux RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

48. www.mwa.org.my Source: Internet SEPARATION RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

49. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS SEPARATION

50. Source: Internet RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS SEPARATION

51. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS SEPARATION

52. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS SEPARATION

53. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

54. INLET RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

55. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

56. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

57. SEPARATION RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

58. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS SEPARATION

59. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

60. RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS SEPARATION

61. 7 1. SEDIMENTATION 2. FLOTATION 3. FILTRATION  Surface Overflow Rate (SOR)  Solid Loading Rate (SLR)  Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT)  Upflow Velocity (UFV)  Air to Solid (A/S) Ratio  Flux RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

62. 7 1. SEDIMENTATION 2. FLOTATION 3. FILTRATION  Surface Overflow Rate (SOR)  Solid Loading Rate (SLR)  Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT)  Upflow Velocity (UFV)  Air to Solid (A/S) Ratio  Flux RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

63. 7 1. SEDIMENTATION 2. FLOTATION 3. FILTRATION  Surface Overflow Rate (SOR)  Solid Loading Rate (SLR)  Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT)  Upflow Velocity (UFV)  Air to Solid (A/S) Ratio  Flux RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

64. 7 1. SEDIMENTATION 2. FLOTATION 3. FILTRATION  Surface Overflow Rate (SOR)  Solid Loading Rate (SLR)  Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT)  Upflow Velocity (UFV)  Air to Solid (A/S) Ratio  Flux RELATED DESIGN & CONTROL PARAMETERS

65. MODULE 4 INTRODUCTION TO THE THIRD COMPONENT OF BP

66. 7 SOLID MANAGEMENT RAS WAS SOLID MANAGEMENT

67. 48 WAS & RAS WAS (Waste of Activated sludge)  To balance the solid content in the Aeration Tank against the organic loading.

68. 48 WAS & RAS RAS (Recycle of Activated sludge)  To sustain the solid content in the Aeration Tank against the hydraulic loading. RAS

69. ▶ 48 WAS & RAS

70. 48 WASTE OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE

71. 48 RECYCLE OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE

72. 48 RECYCLE OF ACTIVATED SLUDGE

73. SUMMARY

74. Primary parameters Remarks pH 6.5 – 8.5 Temperature, o C <40 o C DO, mg/L 2-4 (CAS), 4-6 (EAAS) BOD, mg/L Biodegradability rate COD, mg/L Nitrogen/Phosphorus/AN BOD:N:P = 100:5:1 OLR, kgBOD /m 3 0.3-0.6 (CAS), 0.1-0.4 (EAAS) TSS/MLSS/MLVSS Recommended values. SV30 Based on SVI at 80-120 WAS or RAS Concentration, mg/L 8000-12000mg/L Sludge age (SRT), d 5-10d (CAS), 15-30d (EAAS)

75. Secondary parameters Remarks F/M ratio, kg COD/kg MLVSS 0.2-0.5 (CAS), 0.05-0.15 (EAAS) SOUR, mg O 2 /h/g of MLVSS 12-20 Clarifier SOR, m 3 /d/m 2   16-31 (CAS), 7-16 (EAAS) Clarifier SLR,  kg/d/m 2 96-144 (CAS), 24-120 (EAAS) MBR Flux, LMH 20-30 DAF SOR, m 3 /h/m 2 1.1-2.5 (No recycle), 2.5-3.6 (Recy) DAF SLR, kg/h/m 2 2-15 UFV, m/h Based on SV30 at: 0.4 (Clarifier), 0.3 (Lamella) A/S ratio, kg air/kg solid 0.03-0.05

76. Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) Values Biodegradation CAS 6 to 8 hours Biodegradation EAAS 18 to 36 hours Anaerobic digestion (UASB) 18 to >24 hours Sedimentation or settling 1.5 to 2.5 hours Flotation 20 – 60 minutes ADT for DAF >3 minutes Nitrification (aerobic process) 3 to 12 hours Denitrification (anoxic process) 10 to 24 hours

77. SUMMARY All basic components must be in place accordingly. Specific design and capacity must be reviewed to ensure all components work effectively and efficiently. Failure to any component will result to failure to the whole process. Biodegradability rate must be identified in the first place for selection of the treatment process.

78. 83 THANK YOU