Introductions to the Dental material Lec1

Dental materials: The advancement of dentistry and the quality of dental treatment are dependent on knowledge of the basic sciences. Indeed, no basic science is more relevant to dentistry and dental treatment than the science of materials used in dentis-try. This field deals with the physical and mechanical properties of these materials and their manipulation, as these properties are crucial for the proper selection and use by dentists. In the past, the gold bands and wires were used for the construction of partial dentures. In the middle of the nineteenth century, research studies on amalgam were done by G.V. black. After that, the American Dental Association determined the physical and chemical properties of dental materials and developed new dental mate-rials, instruments, and test methods.

1. Dental Materials Dr. Safwan Alsabaawi B.D.S., H.D.D., M.Sc., PhD.

2. What are Dental Materials? Specialized biomaterials are used for the treatment , prevention , diagnosis , and maintenance of oral health . Broad categories (restorative, preventive, auxiliary).

3. Gypsum Material

4. Dental Waxes

5. Impression Materials

6. Metals & Alloys

7. Maxillofacial Materials

8. Introduction to Dental Materials What is Dental Material? The human body is prone to damage due to either disease or accidents. • Likewise, the structures in the oral cavity are lost or damaged due to disease such as caries and periodontal disease and trauma. • The main goal in dentistry is to maintain or improve the quality of life through replacement or alteration of tooth structure.

9. Ideal Restorative Material   An ideal restorative material should: • Be biocompatible • Should bond permanently to tooth structure or bone • Should match the natural appearance of the tooth structure and other visible tissues

10. Four groups of materials: • Metals • Ceramics • Polymers • Composites

11. Classification Preventive dental materials • Restorative dental materials • Auxiliary dental materials

12.   Pit and Fissure Sealants • Materials used primarily for their antibacterial effects . • Liners , bases , cements , and restorative materials that are used primarily because they release fluoride . • Chlorhexidine or other therapeutic agents are used to prevent or inhibit the progression of tooth decay .

13. Restorative Dental Materials   Synthetic components that can be used to repair or replace tooth structure , including primers , bonding agents , liners , cement bases , amalgams , resin-based composites , compomers , cast metals , metal-ceramics , ceramics , and denture polymers .

14. Restorative Dental Materials Direct restorative materials • Used intraorally to fabricate restoration or prosthetic devices directly on the teeth Indirect restorative materials • Made extra orally in which the materials are formed indirectly on the teeth or tissues • Temporary restorative materials

15. Auxiliary Dental Materials   Substances used in the process of fabricating dental prostheses and appliances, but do not become part of these devices. • Acid–etch solutions, impression materials, casting investments, gypsum cast, and model materials, dental waxes, acrylic resins for impression, finishing and polishing abrasives.

16. Types of restorations Silver Amalgam Resin Composite

17. Inlays and Onlays (Gold) Crowns (Ceramic, Gold, Ceramic fused to metal)

18. Bridges Complete Denture & Partial Denture