Investigation of various filaments in 3D printing.pptx

3D printing- Parameters affecting the strength of the material in 3D printing- Types of thermoplastic materials used in 3D printing

1. Mechanical System Design

2. What is the 3D Printer 3D printer melt plastic filament and deposit it layer by layer to create the final object. They are getting cheaper and easier to use . It is one of the most versatile pieces of equipment you can have in a laboratory. A 3D printer can be used in many different labs, from chemistry to biology to materials science and more.

3. What is the Parameters of the 3D Printer Extrusin Temperature: ( <230°C) : Since the layers do not fully fuse, it creates weak interface bonds. As a result, the tensile strength is low. (230-250 °C): The material has sufficient fluidity and there is no thermal deterioration, so it has high tensile and bending strength. ( >260 °C): The structure of ABS begins to deteriorate, micro holes and surface roughness increase, and strength decreases. Tensile and bending tests are negatively affected when the nozzle temperature increases.

4. Layer Thickness : (0,3-0,4mm): Interfacial bonds remain weak (0,1-0,2mm):B etter cohesion and more uniform internal structure, hence higher modulus of elasticity . As the layer thickness decreases, mechanical strength increases, but a balance must be established between production time and thermal stability.

5. T he link between print quality and mechanical behavior : Non-homogeneous surfaces : In the bending test, the first crack occurs at the starting point . Layer gaps:F racture plane occurs in tensile test .

6. Flow Rate: Increasing the extruder flow rate by 25% resulted in a 44% increase in elongation at break. However, a 50% increase resulted in a slight decrease in strength. Print orientation : While samples pressed at 0° showed plastic deformation with the highest tensile strength and elongation, delamination and brittle cracking were observed in samples pressed at 45° and 90°.

7. Mechanical Experiment  Tensile Test : Tensile testing is used to determine how a material reacts to forces that attempt to stretch it. A specimen is pulled apart at a controlled rate until failure occurs. This test provides data on tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and Young’s modulus.

8. Compression Test : Compression testing determines how a material behaves under compressive forces that try to shorten or squash it. A specimen is pressed between two plates until deformation or failure. Three-Point Bending Test : Three-point bending test evaluates a material's behavior when subjected to flexural stress. A specimen rests on two supports and a force is applied at the center until fracture .

9. Filaments PLA ( Polylactic Acid ) ABS ( Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ) PETG ( Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol ) TPU ( Thermoplastic Polyurethane ) Nylon (PA – Polyamide ) HIPS (High Impact   Polystyrene )

10. PETG In terms of materials, poly(ethylene terephthalate)-glycol (PETG) is one of the most used materials in 3D printing technology due to the chemical alkali resistance, transparency, gloss, low haze and good printability, among other benefits. Furthermore, with the correct print settings, it is possible to obtain excellent layer adhesion and very low shrinkage properties. At the same time, it is extremely strong, which allows one to print objects that can function at high temperatures or in food-safe applications and possess exceptional impact performance. All these advantages make this material suitable for both the food and medical industries  .

11. References https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4310/9/3/124 https://advanced.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/advs.202202610 https://www.astm.org/d0638-14.html https://www.astm.org/d0695-15.html https://www.astm.org/d0790-17.html https://www.scientific.net/MSF.919.230 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452321620304480?ref=pdf_download&fr=RR-2&rr=98b8c7883cf68a12