IOT Based Vaccine storage system-The need of society

IOT Based Vaccine storage system-The need of society

1. Design and development of IoT based for Vaccine Storage and Transportation system using Phase Change Materials Under the Guidance of; Prof. A. S. N. Husainy A TECH-TALK ON

2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Introduction & Problem Statement Objectives Methodology Literature Survey and Concluding Points Virtual System Design Experimental System Implementation IoT Implementation and Results Working Experimental Results Applications of Proposed Solution Users Sentiment Conclusion Reference Project Credentials

3. INTRODUCTION & PROBLEM STATEMENT WHO Guidelines for vaccine storage -Temperature and Humidity ranges Effects of Robust Handling of vaccines - Vaccine potency losses due to improper storage conditions Frequent Power Cutoffs - High Power cutoff frequency in rural areas - Challenge in maintaining prescribed temperature range Limitations of Existing solutions - Low transport capacity - Low safe duration during transportation End mile Delivery of vaccines - Vaccine should be delivered to each and every recipient in proper condition

4. OBJECTIVES To develop smart, portable vaccine storage container by implementing of Phase Change Materials To investigate the effect of various enhanced phase change material on temperature fluctuatio n of vaccine storage container during power cut off conditions. To implement IoT based systems for proper monitoring of parameters for better vaccines storage and transportation. Study the cost analysis and decide optimum design for the final product.

5. METHODOLOGY Study of Literatures from various sources like science Direct, Nature and research gate. The market survey has done to find out the problem statement. After finding the problem statement, accordingly the information is collected for the solution of the problem. Drafting of virtual design for simulation purpose. Selection of suitable materials for the experimental setup. Design and Development of the experimental set up for proposed research work. Comparing the results with actual setup for multiple PCMs and finding which one best suits the application. The final results and conclusion were made and approaching towards market for commercializing the product.

6. PAPER AUTHOR JOURNAL/ VOLUME WORK   Izikki , K., El Alami , J. and Hlyal , M . et.al   The Use of the Internet of Things in the Cold Chain Logistics for a Better Vaccine Transportation: A State of the Art.       4 th International Conference on Innovative Research in Science Engineering and Technology [2021] Explored the importance and advantage of implementation of Internet of Things in cold chain or supply chain in healthcare industry Discusses the challenges faced by healthcare cold chain infrastructure and vaccine cold chain logistics Fulzele , D.P., Kumbhare , A., et. al An IoT enabled Convenient Vaccine Cold box for Biomedical Use. European Journal of Molecular & Clinical Medicine, 7(7) [2020], pp.1576-1585 Modified Version of Cold box is explained Use of sensors like DHT11, GPS and NODEMCU to get the exact data monitoring. LITERATURE SURVEY

7. Lloyd , J. and Cheyne, J . The origins of the vaccine cold chain and a glimpse of the future.  Vaccine , 35(17) [2017], pp.2115-2120 focused on how the cold chain infrastructure has evolved concerning time, right from its origin Glimpse on challenges that are being faced by the cold chain facilities and also what possible solutions can be applied to overcome Three reasons for loss of cold chain failure Hanson , C.M., George, A.M., Sawadogo , A. and Schreiber, B . Is freezing in the vaccine cold chain an on going issue? A literature Vaccine Vaccine , 35(17) [2017], pp.2127-2133.   issues of vaccines, when stored below the recommended ranges during multiple stages most of the vaccine losses are due to its exposure to low freezing temperatures than its exposure to higher temperature Setia , S., Mainzer , H., Washington, et.al4   Frequency and causes of vaccine wastage. Vaccine, 20(7-8) [2002], pp.1148-1156. Assess the frequency of how often vaccine wastage and its magnitude, as well as identifying its various causes helps the researchers to implement the correct preventive measures to reduce the losses most common forms of wastage reveal the potential value of developing vaccines with improved heat stability and longer shelf lives

8. VIRTUAL SYSTEM DESIGN Snaps showing Virtual design on CATIA for the experimental setup

9. ACTUAL SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION Fig. (c) IoT sensors Fig. (a) Experimental setup Fig. (b) Cabinet for storing vaccines and PCM arrangement Prototype Video Link Linkhttps ://drive.google.com/file/d/1vGHzudfQjdVhx7nUaQl_Pb0LQA8dJ2Gm/view?usp=sharing

10. IoT IMPLEMENTATION AND ITS RESULTS Fig. (b) Temperature and Humidity of cold-box monitored using smartphone Fig. (a) Location of the portable box monitored using smartphone

11. WORKING The VCRS system implemented in the setup maintains the optimum temperature of 2-8 degree Celsius inside the cold box, when there is availability of power . The Phase Change Materials are maintained at their particular freezing point so that they can be implemented during the power outage conditions. During power cut-off conditions , the PCM containers are kept in the cold box so that they can transfer the cooling effect to the vaccines and vaccines will constantly be maintained at the temperature of 2-8 degree Celsius. The implemented sensors will allow the vaccine provider to monitor the vaccine temperature, humidity and its location whenever necessary. So that the system can safely store and transport the vaccines to the recipient.

12. EXPERIMENTATION RESULTS A graph showing Time vs. Temperature plot when no PCM was used and With and Without Door Opening A graph showing Time vs. Temperature plot when Water was used as PCM and With and Without Door Opening » «

13. A graph showing Time vs. Temperature plot when KCl (5%) was used as PCM and With and Without Door Opening A graph showing Time vs. Temperature plot when KCl (10%) was used as PCM and With and Without Door Opening » «

14. A graph showing Time vs. Temperature plot when NaCl (5%) was used as PCM and With and Without Door Opening A graph showing Time vs. Temperature plot when CaCl2 (5%) was used as PCM and With and Without Door Opening » «

15. COMPARATIVE GRAPH FOR ALL PHASE CHANGE MATERIALS

16. RESULTS

17. APPLICATION OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM In district health centres from where the vaccines get distributed to the pharmaceutical stores . In pharmaceutical stores particularly in rural areas where frequent power cut-offs issues are high . In regional vaccine stores In government as well as private hospitals

18. USERS ’ SENTIMENT “ The students of SITCOE has projected a portable vaccine storage and transportation system which is a great move to fight vaccine losses due to mishandling. I have used this product for 2 weeks for storing v accines and I must say, we could safely store it at the prescribed range of temperature which 2 to 8 degree Celsius even after the power cut-off . The extended safe time was varied from 4 to 6 hours . The monitoring facility they are providing will really be helpful for its distribution within healthcare chain. Storing vaccines in this system did not affected the vaccine potency. As I practice in rural areas like Ichalkaranji, we have frequent power cut-off issues which results in vaccine potency losses. We cannot use these vaccines as its consumption may cost consumers life which is not acceptable. The designed system will be implemented as an effective solution for vaccine storage in rural areas. It will be an evolutionary move for the healthcare industry.” - Dr. Suneeta Chougule . (BAMS) “ I have used this system for vaccine storage for about 15 days. Due to lack of vaccine storage infrastructure and power cut issues, I was facing frequent economic losses due to its potency losses. The current cold chain for vaccines is quite robust and not cost effective. But the students of SITCOE gave us the relief by introducing this system. We were able to monitor and control the parameters without any cliché. As a pharmacist, I am totally satisfied with the system performance and my best wishes are with the students. I hope the product will get commercial exposure very soon. -Mr. Shantanu Rajmane, pharmacist Checkout on YouTube : https://youtu.be/JKTHn7K5Er4

19. SOCIETAL APPROACH Consideration of Rural Indian area as an environment to design the system Reduction in economic losses due to mishandling of the vaccines Most importantly, the reduction in Health problems arising due to intake of deteriorated vaccines

20. A PCM based vaccine storage and transportation system is designed. The maximum safe duration was observed for 10% KCl, which is 7 hours after power cut-off and for 5% KCl it was 5.5 hours. 5 % CaCl2 was able to maintain safe duration up-to 5 hours. For Silica Aerogel, it was about 5 hours and for water it was 4 hours. NaCl could maintain the temperature up-to 5 hours. Phase Change Materials can be effectively implemented for vaccine storage as they can maintain temperature range for maximum time even after power cut-off . With the proper implementation of IoT systems, we can easily monitor the required parameters of the systems during transportation. Vaccine losses and lives cost due to its intake can be reduced by properly utilizing the technological concepts . CONCLUSION

21. REFERENCES Zhao , Y., Zhang, X., Xu , X. and Zhang, S., 2020. Development of composite phase change cold storage material and its application in vaccine cold storage equipment. Journal of Energy Storage, 30, p.101455 . Clénet , D., 2018. Accurate prediction of vaccine stability under real storage conditions and during temperature excursions.  European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics ,  125 , pp.76-84 . Lloyd, J. and Cheyne, J., 2017. The origins of the vaccine cold chain and a glimpse of the future. Vaccine, 35(17), pp.2115-2120 . Hanson, C.M., George, A.M., Sawadogo , A. and Schreiber, B., 2017. Is freezing in the vaccine cold chain an ongoing issue? A literature review.  Vaccine ,  35 (17), pp.2127-2133 . Kumru , O.S., Joshi, S.B., Smith, D.E., Middaugh , C.R., Prusik , T. and Volkin , D.B., 2014. Vaccine instability in the cold chain: mechanisms, analysis and formulation strategies.  Biologicals ,  42 (5), pp.237-259 . Samant , Y., Lanjewar , H., Parker, D., Block, L., Tomar , G. S., & Stein, B. (2007). Evaluation of the Cold-Chain for Oral Polio Vaccine in a Rural District of India. Public Health Reports, 122(1), 112–121. doi:10.1177/003335490712200116

22. IEEE R10 SAC COVID-19 RELATED PROJECT GRANT APPROVAL OF $400 PROJECT CREDENTIALS

23. DIPEX 2021 WINNER SIT HACKATHON’21 WINNER

24. Have given project demonstration to Kolhapur district collector Mr. Doulat Desai for mass production purpose and to serve for society Got selected for AICTE Chhatra Vishwakarma Awards till regional convention

25. RESEARCH PAPER CERTIFICATES AND FRONT PAGES Paper Link : http ://ijsart.com/Home/IssueDetail/50010

26. THANK YOU SAVE VACCINES , SAVE LIVES