IoT_Definition_PresentationCharacte.pptx

Mtech IOT ppt

1. Introduction to IoT - IoT is an evolving Internet application enabling secure, global access to a thing’s information. - It involves interconnected devices that communicate using Internet protocols. - Examples: Smart homes, healthcare, industries, and cities.

2. General Observations on IoT - IoT extends today’s Internet beyond human-operated devices. - Many devices operate autonomously in buildings, vehicles, and the environment. - IoT includes a vast range of devices with different computing power and communication capabilities.

3. Machine-to-Machine (M2M) and IoT - M2M refers to automated data exchange between machines, forming the basis of IoT. - IoT extends M2M by integrating open protocols (e.g., TCP/IP) for interoperability. - IoT enables the use of standardized data formats for diverse applications.

4. Defining IoT - Different Perspectives - IoT consists of connected objects (computers, sensors, actuators, clothes, food, etc.). - ICT Evolution: IoT integrates various communication systems for ubiquitous computing. - Tiny Devices with Unique IPs: IoT envisions every object having an IP address for seamless interaction.

5. Technical Challenges in IoT - IP Addressing: Current IP systems need expansion to accommodate billions of devices. - Energy Efficiency: IoT devices must be power-efficient for sustainability. - Data Management: Large-scale IoT requires robust software to handle continuous data flow.

6. Evolution of IoT - IoT extends from simple sensor networks to complex, intelligent systems. - IoT envisions a globally interoperable network using IP-based communication. - Embedded wireless technology (e.g., GSM, 5G) plays a crucial role in IoT’s expansion.

7. Early IoT - MIT Auto-ID Center - The concept originated from MIT Auto-ID Center in 2001. - Core elements: RFID tags, EPC (Electronic Product Code), ONS (Object Naming Service), EPCIS servers. - Initially focused on supply chain tracking, later expanded to broader applications.

8. The International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is working on defining IoT . IoT is a broad concept that includes technological and conceptual perspectives. Introduction to ITU-T Views on IoT ITU-T’s Challenge in Defining IoT IoT has a wide scope , making it difficult to create a single definition. ITU-T aims to find a definition that can be accepted by all stakeholders.

9. Two Perspectives of IoT View A: IoT as a Concept IoT is an idea or phenomenon, not a specific technology. Focuses on connectivity and automation. View B: IoT as an Infrastructure IoT consists of physical networks, devices, and protocols. Involves real-world applications in industries, healthcare, and smart cities .

10. The figure presents two different ways to define IoT —as a concept or as an infrastructure . It also explains how IoT interacts with existing systems. 1 Existing Infrastructure: There are already service and network infrastructures in place. IoT does not necessarily replace them but can either work with them (harmonization) or create new ones (conflict with existing infrastructure). 2 Harmonization with Existing Infrastructure: IoT can enhance existing infrastructure by adding new features and capabilities. For example, smart sensors can be integrated into traditional industries like manufacturing or healthcare.

11. 3 Conflicting with Existing Infrastructure: In some cases, IoT requires a completely new approach to infrastructure. New technologies, architectures, and standards may be needed for IoT to function efficiently. 4 IoT as a Concept vs. IoT as Infrastructure: If we define IoT as a concept , it means focusing on its overall idea and how it can be used rather than its technical details. If we define IoT as an infrastructure , we need to identify specific technological requirements, standards, and networks.

12. The ITU-T is trying to find a balance between these perspectives so that IoT can be seamlessly integrated into different industries while maintaining global standards.

13. Objects in IoT What is an Object in IoT ? An object is a model of an entity that performs functions and offers services. Objects interact with networks and users to enable IoT functionalities.

14. Characteristics of Objects in IoT Ability to sense and/or actuate Generally small in size (but not always) Limited computing power (but not always) Energy/power constraints Connected to the physical world Sometimes have intermittent connectivity Can be mobile Managed by devices, not necessarily by people

15. Terminal Devices : Mobile phones, personal computers. Remote Monitoring Devices : Sensors, cameras. Information Devices : Content delivery servers( cloud platforms, or edge computing) . Smart/Connected Objects : Heterogeneous devices interacting with network Classification of Objects in IoT

16. bCall (Breakdown Call): If a car breaks down, the bCall system automatically sends the car’s location to a roadside assistance service and starts a voice call to request help. AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS This refers to using connected devices and communication technology in cars and transportation systems.

17. Key Applications

18. Role of IPv6 Introduction IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) is the latest version of the Internet Protocol, designed to replace IPv4. It provides a larger address space, improved security, and better network efficiency.

19. IoT Framework Overview The Internet of Things ( IoT ) framework provides a structured approach to managing and integrating IoT devices, networks, and applications. It consists of multiple domains that facilitate machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, data processing, and service provisioning