IOT unit-1-ppt IOT unit-1-ppt.pdfIOT unit-1-ppt.pdfIOT unit-1-ppt.pdfIOT unit-1-ppt.pdfIOT unit-1-ppt.pdfIOT unit-1-ppt.pdf

IOT unit-1-ppt.pdf

1. {
Unit 1
Fundamentals
of IoT

2.  Definition of IoT
 Characteristics of IoT
 Physical design of IoT
 Logical design of IoT
 IoT protocols
 IoT levels and deployment templates


Outline

3. A Dynamic global network infrastructure with self-
configuring capabilities based on standard and
interoperable communication protocols where
physical and virtual "things" have identities, physical
attributes and virtual personalities, use intelligent
interfaces, are seamlessly integrated into the
information network, and often communicate data
associated with users and their environments.
Definition of IoT

4. Dynamic and self-adapting
Self-configuring
Interoperable communication protocols
Unique identity
Integrated into the information network
Characteristics of IoT

5. The "Things" in IoT usually refers to IoT devices which have unique
identities and can perform remote sensing and actuating and have
monitoring capabilities.
IoT devices can:
Exchange data with other connected devices and applications
(directly or indirectly), or
Collect data from other devices and process the data locally, or
Send the data to centralized servers or cloud-based application
back-ends for processing the data, or
Perform some tasks locally and other tasks within the IoT
infrastructure, based on temporal and space constraints
Physical Design of IoT

6. An IoT device may
consist of several
interfaces for
connections to other
devices, both wired and
wireless.
I/O interfaces for
sensors
Interfaces for internet
connectivity
Memory and storage
interfaces
Audio/video interfaces
Generic Block Diagram of an
IoT Device (Architecture)

7. Link Layer
802.3 – Ethernet
802.11 – WiFi
802.16 – WiMax
802.15.4 – LR-WPAN
2G/3G/4G
Network/Internet Layer
IPv4
IPv6
6LoWPAN

IoT Protocols

8. Transport Layer
TCP -Transmission Control Protocol
UDP-User Datagram Protocol
Application Layer
HTTP-Hypertext Transfer Protocol
CoAP-Constrained Application
Protocol
WebSocket
MQTT-Message Queuing Telemetry
Transport
XMPP-Extensible Messaging and
Presence Protocol
DDS
AMQP-Advanced Message Queuing
Protocol
IoT Protocols

9. Logical design of an IoT
system refers to an
abstract representation
of the entities and
processes without going
into the low-level
specifics of the
implementation.

An IoT system comprises
a number of functional
blocks that provide the
system the capabilities
for identification,
sensing, actuation,
communication and
management.
Logical Design of IoT

10. Technology Roadmap

11. Enabling Technologies in IoT:
Radio Frequency Identification

12. Enabling Technologies in IoT:
Radio Frequency Identification

13. Enabling Technologies in IoT:
Radio Frequency Identification
RFID technology is used in a number of industries to carry out
various tasks such as:
Asset tracking
Inventory management
Controlling access to confined areas
Personnel tracking
Supply chain management
ID badging
Counterfeit forestalling (e.g., in the pharmaceutical industry)

RFID is also employed in a number of other things:
The keys to unlock your car door;
The automatic deduction of payment while using toll booths;
Building access systems;
Payment cards, student ID cards and even Passports
Wireless sensors & mesh networks.

14. Enabling Technologies in IoT:
Radio Frequency Identification

15. Frequency Bands

16. Passive Tags

17. Semipassive Tags and Active Tags

18. Inductive LF Tags

19. Inductive HF Tags

20. UHF Tags

21. History of IoT

22. History of IoT

23. History of IoT
Connecting these new objects will obviously raise
many questions such as:
the connecting technology of the so-called objects;
the interoperability between objects;
the communication model of these connected
objects;
the possible interaction with the existing models,
such as the Internet;
the choice of the transport model;
the addressing, identifying and naming;
the security and privacy;
the economic impact and the telecommunication
value chain evolution.

24. Things in IoT

25. IoT Identifiers
In particular, the following classes of IoT identifiers can
be distinguished:
• Object Identifiers (Object IDs), which are used for
uniquely identifying physical or virtual objects.
• Communication Identifiers (Communication IDs), which
are used to identify uniquely devices in the scope of
communications with other devices, including internet-
based communications.
• Application Identifiers (Application IDs), which are
used to identify uniquely applications and services used
in the scope of IoT applications.

26. IoT Identifiers

27. IoT FRAMEWORKS :

29. IoT and M-2-M

30. M-2-M Applications
S.No. Industry M2M applications
1. Automotive Passenger vehicle anti theft / recovery, monitoring
/maintenance, safety/control, entertainment.
2. Transportation Fleet management, asset tracking, telematics,
manufacturing and logistics.
3. Utilities /
Energy
Smart metering, smart grid, Electric line
monitoring, gas / oil / water pipeline monitoring.
4. Security Commercial and home security monitoring,
Surveillance applications, Fire alarm, Police /
medical alert
5. Financial /Retail Point of sale (POS), ATM, Kiosk, Vending
machines, digital signage and handheld terminals.
6. Health care Remote monitoring of patient after surgery (e-
health), remote diagnostics, medication reminders,
Tele-medicine
7. Public Safety Highway, bridge, traffic management, homeland
security, police, fire and emergency services.